Local sustainability processes worldwide: a systematic review of the literature and research agenda

This article presents a systematic literature review of 109 articles (1992–2015) dealing with Local Agenda 21 processes worldwide. It analyzes two essential elements of Local Agenda 21: (1) the holistic approach of the sustainable development concept and (2) the main driving forces behind such processes. It shows that, although at the beginning, sustainability was seen as a natural extension of environmental policy work, it has been perceived over recent years as a guiding principle applied to issues of environment, economic development, and social welfare, and Local Agenda 21 is perceived as a coherent approach to sustainability planning. In addition, Local Government Strategy is the main typology followed, although it suffers from important limitations. Future studies could focus on local sustainability process outcomes. Further quantitative studies would be welcome, given the qualitative case study dominance in the field. We conclude with a research agenda to tackle theoretical, methodological, and empirical lacunae.     

GENERATED MONTHLY STREAMFLOWS FOR THE MIDWESTERN AND SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES1

ABSTRACT A critical examination of single gage site, monthly streamflow statistical characteristics for two southern Illinois rivers, an Oklahoma river and a Texas river was made using a digital computer at Northwestern University. High flow variability for the rivers was evident in that, for the rivers tested, 8 to 11 months had coefficients of variation in excess of unity. The gamma distribution was not as efficient as the normal distribution for fitting power or logarithmic transforms of the historical monthly flow data (i.e., F^1-0, F^0-5, F^0-25, Fa¹²⁵, F^0.085, and log F). No single transform to a normal distribution was adequate for all twelve monthly flows, since definite seasonal grouping patterns were found for the four rivers examined. The highly variable flow in the low-flow season(s) indicated much more skewness than was typical of the remainder of the year. For the low-flow seasons, the higher-root (smaller exponent) transforms were particularly useful. Flows were generated from a linear regression model of lag one utilizing two or more transforms for the twelve periods. The definite seasonal patterns found historically were reproduced quite well in the generated streamflows. The effect of a change in data transform from one season to the next was insignificant after one month. Thus the use of different transforms within the year did not bias the results from the linear regression model appreciably, but did help in reproducing the seasonal distribution pattern. The technique seems especially well suited for rivers with highly variable flows.     

清洁生产审核校企合作初探

高等职业院校大力推行校企合作培养高技能人才模式,探索校企合作的持续发展机制,是职业教育界和企业界的一个重要课题。本文通过＂扬州市节能减排技术普及公共服务平台资助项目＂课题的开展,在清洁生产审核校企合作实践的基础上,探索新形势下校企合作的内涵、意义及模式,剖析校企合作的动力与阻力,并对如何实现真正意义上的校企合作提出构想与建议。同时,对于清洁生产审核开展过程中,企业如何获得高校的支持也有参考意义。     

基于模型研究质量评价的SWAT模型参数取值特征分析

SWAT模型是目前我国应用最为广泛的流域水环境模型之一.由于该模型拥有分布式参数并且基于美国环境特征建立,确定合理的和符合我国流域环境特征的参数取值是模型应用中的关键工作.有研究通过总结现有报告的参数取值,为模型本地化应用提供参数取值参考,但这些研究忽略了其中SWAT模型研究质量之间的差异,也未考虑参数取值的非均匀性以及极端值的影响,因而研究结果的实用性不佳.建立了综合考虑模型建立、参数率定和验证、模拟效果的SWAT模型研究质量评价指标体系,对中国知网收录的2015~2017年发表的428篇SWAT模型研究文献开展定量评价并筛选高可信度文献.基于高可信度文献报告的SWAT模型参数取值,分析了15个涉及水文、泥沙和水质过程模拟的参数取值特征,包括参数取值分布特征及其在不同地理区域间的差异,以及参数率定值与默认值的偏差等.研究表明,在筛选得到的129篇高可信度文献中,SWAT模型应用整体上更加规范,且具有较好的区域代表性;15个模型参数在我国流域的取值分布具有正偏态、负偏态等不同特征,其中4个参数在我国不同地理区域的取值分布存在显著差异,12个参数在我国流域的取值明显偏离默认值.基于模型参数取值特征,以置信区间的形式给出了SWAT模型在我国本地化应用的参数取值建议,并针对不同数据条件下的模型应用提出了参数取值建议.     

Global trends in research output by zoos and aquariums

Zoos and aquaria, often regarded as preservation-cum-entertainment enterprises, are also actors in the effort to curb the biodiversity crisis: raising awareness, supporting conservation, and conducting research. We assessed trends in zoo and aquaria research topics and study organisms over time worldwide. For the zoos and aquaria registered in the Species360's Zoological Information Management System and the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums, we compiled metadata on their research published in the peer-reviewed literature indexed in Scopus and carried out a keyword frequency analysis. The production of scientific papers by zoos increased at a much faster rate than the average accrual of scientific papers in the literature. Evolution of research themes ran parallel to that of biological sciences (e.g., development of molecular genetics or increased awareness about conservation). The focus of 48.5% of zoo-led research was on vertebrates, of which mammal research was 33.7%. Whether zoos are effectively contributing to conservation may still be debatable, but our results highlight their institutional efforts to increase knowledge about the species in their care.     

高效生物强化技术处理焦化废水的中试研究

采用高效生物强化技术对焦化废水进行中试规模的处理研究。结果表明:处理系统的COD去除率可达到97%以上,氨氮和挥发酚的去除率分别达到97%和100%。出水水质满足GB13456-1992《钢铁工业水污染物排放标准》一级标准的要求。     

一株高效产氢产酸细菌的鉴定与产氢特性

采用各种厌氧培养技术分离出90余株产氢细菌,并对其中的Rennanqilyf3进行了研究.通过16S rDNA碱基测序和比对证实,该菌株是目前尚未报道过的1个新菌种,并初步确定其细菌学上的分类地位.在培养基中分别配置不同的葡萄糖浓度和不同pH值,于间歇试验条件下测定其产气量和细菌生长情况.结果表明,菌株Rennanqilyf3在葡萄糖浓度为,15.0g/L时具有最大的细胞生长量0.46g/L,12.0g/L时具有最大产氢量58.6mmol/L;其最佳生长和产氢的pH值为5.5左右.     

高加速应力筛选试验技术研究

简要介绍了高加速应力筛选试验技术的产生、发展及在国外的应用情况,在分析高加速应力筛选试验技术基本原理的基础上,研究了高加速应力筛选试验技术的核心——试验剖面图的建立方法．并对高加速应力筛选试验技术的特点及如何开展试验等作了相关分析,最后进行了总结和问题讨论。     

环境政策评估：一个宏观经济分析框架的综述

环境动态随机一般均衡（E-DSGE）模型以其良好的扩展性和预测性逐渐被环境宏观经济学者接纳。环境因素的引入包括经济系统对环境系统的作用、环境系统的演化过程、环境系统对经济系统的反作用等方式。E-DSGE模型中的不确定性冲击包括经济不确定性冲击、政策不确定性冲击和环境不确定性冲击。E-DSGE模型中环境政策的讨论重点包括环境税、限额与交易、强度管制等。多重环境政策的组合效应、环境影响的国际传导以及环境政策与宏观经济政策的融合等是E-DSGE模型研究的重要前沿课题。加强新凯恩斯框架下E-DSGE模型的构建与应用,加强跨流域和跨界的环境问题、水的问题、碳的问题等研究是下一阶段E-DSGE建模的重点。     

《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2001年～2005年载文及作者统计分析

本文运用文献计量学方法,以《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2001～2005年发表的论文作为研究对象,分别就载文及作者的情况进行了统计分析,为该刊将来的发展提供参考数据。