改性纤维球处理武钢热轧含油废水中试研究

在武钢热轧水处理车间,采用改性纤维球过滤技术,进行了规模为8m3/h的含油废水中试研究。中试装置连续运行了90d,过滤后出水水质为:含油≤5mg/L,悬浮物<7mg/L;反洗水回流到平流沉淀池循环处理。试验结果表明,改性纤维球是一种优良的过滤材料,截污容量大,容易再生,处理后的水质基本达到生产用水要求。     

旋转窑焊接筒体的失效分析与预防

从卧式旋转窑焊接筒体工作状态中的主要技术参数，分析和判断该系统内环缝接头产生疲劳失效的原因和部位。通过分析、计算、校核和建造失效树等方法，求出焊接筒体的失效模式，包括最小割集、失效概率和结构重要度等，从而提出预防失效的主要途径，为变厚度焊接筒体的设计为造、使用和维修提供了可借鉴的依据。     

常压热水锅炉在安装运行中应注意的几个问题

在我国北方地区广泛使用常压热水锅炉,它与承压热水锅炉在安装和使用方法上有相似之处,但又有本质区别,如安装使用不当就会带来不必要的危害,甚至导致锅炉的损毁或爆炸,因此有必要对常压热水锅炉的安装和运行进行研究和探讨.     

L245A级钢管在湿H_2S环境下的氢致开裂(HIC)与硫化物应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)试验研究

管线钢在湿H2S环境下运行必须考虑其抗氢致开裂(HIC)和硫化物应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)性能,因此,在确保L245A级钢管力学性能合格的前提下,根据NACETM0284—2003和NACETM0177—2005标准,按照L245A级钢管及焊缝所处的不同介质浓度和运行压力设计了8组试验。通过降低介质浓度和运行压力对L245A级钢管在湿硫化氢环境下的抗氢致开裂性能和硫化物应力腐蚀开裂性能(SSCC)进行了试验评定;通过4组试验得出:L245A级钢管在标准湿H2S环境下不会产生氢致开裂,发生硫化物应力腐蚀开裂,在设计条件和工作条件下不发生应力腐蚀开裂的结论。同时笔者对管道在湿H2S环境下的安全运行提出了建议。     

Energy recovery from solid waste fuels using advanced gasification technology

Since the mid-1980s, TPS Termiska Processer AB has been working on the development of an atmospheric-pressure gasification process. A major aim at the start of this work was the generation of fuel gas from indigenous fuels to Sweden (i.e. biomass). As the economic climate changed and awareness of the damage to the environment caused by the use of fossil fuels in power generation equipment increased, the aim of the development work at TPS was changed to applying the process to heat and power generation from feedstocks such as biomass and solid wastes. Compared with modern waste incineration with heat recovery, the gasification process will permit an increase in electricity output of up to 50%. The gasification process being developed is based on an atmospheric-pressure circulating fluidised bed gasifier coupled to a tar-cracking vessel. The gas produced from this process is then cooled and cleaned in conventional equipment. The energy-rich gas produced is clean enough to be fired in a gas boiler (and, in the longer term, in an engine or gas turbine) without requiring extensive flue gas cleaning, as is normally required in conventional waste incineration plants. Producing clean fuel gas in this manner, which facilitates the use of efficient gas-fired boilers, means that overall plant electrical efficiencies of close to 30% can be achieved. TPS has performed a considerable amount of pilot plant testing on waste fuels in their gasification/gas cleaning pilot plant in Sweden. Two gasifiers of TPS design have been in operation in Grève-in-Chianti, Italy since 1992. This plant processes 200 tonnes of RDF (refuse-derived fuel) per day. It is planned that the complete TPS gasification process (including the complete fuel gas cleaning system) be demonstrated in several gas turbine-based biomass-fuelled power generating plants in different parts of the world. It is the aim of TPS to prove, at commercial scale, the technical feasibility and economic advantages of the gasification process when it is applied to solid waste fuels. This aim shall be achieved, in the short-term, by employing the cold clean product gas in a gas boiler and, in the longer-term, by firing the gas in engines and gas turbines. A study for a 90 MWth waste-fuelled co-generation plant in Sweden has shown that, already today, gasification of solid waste can compete economically with conventional incineration technologies.     

大空间建筑防排烟系统性能化设计

为了获得合理有效的大空间建筑排烟系统设计方案,从排烟方式的选择、排烟量(排烟面积)的确定以及烟控系统排烟的效果评估和验证三个方面对大空间建筑防排烟系统的性能化设计进行了探讨,并指出:建筑防排烟系统的选择及其排烟量(排烟面积)的确定应结合建筑功能特点、可燃物分布、安全性能目标、补气条件、环境条件等进行综合考虑并进行核算;在条件允许情况下,应尽量采用数值模拟计算、模型试验以及开展实地场所的热烟测试进行防排烟系统的效果验证。本研究结果可为大空间建筑防排烟系统的合理性设计提供参考。     

碳纤维环氧复合材料的加速腐蚀老化试验方法

碳纤维环氧复合材料是目前飞机制造中主要使用的结构材料,其在使用过程中可能会遇到各种环境,如雨雪、阳光、盐雾等,这些都能引起碳纤维环氧复合材料的腐蚀老化。主要介绍了海洋环境下碳纤维环氧复合材料的3种加速腐蚀老化的试验方法,即湿热老化试验、盐雾试验、人工气候老化试验。     

海洋大气对TA15钛合金应力腐蚀影响研究

采用恒位移WOL试样测定KISCC的原理对已在海洋平台户外和海水飞溅区暴露2a的TA15钛合金样及原始TA15钛合金样进行了应力腐蚀行为研究。探讨了TA15钛合金预制裂纹的条件,并用裂纹终止法测量应力腐蚀临界应力场强度因子,确立了应力场强度因子KISCC与裂纹瞬时扩展速率da1dt-C间的联系,并绘制了lg（da／dt）-K1曲线。通过扫描电镜对试件断面进行了分析,对其断裂特征进行了描述。     

HG220/100型锅炉工作安全阀热态校验的安全可靠性分析

指出了HG220/100型锅炉热态校验工作安全阀时各级过热器及联箱的超压所导致的安全问题,对超压原因进行了分析,并提出了改进措施。     

海工高强钢在海水中应力腐蚀研究进展

从高强钢材料的合金成分、金相组织、加工工艺、残余应力以及海水温度、Cl^－浓度、pH值等环境条件和腐蚀程度等方面总结了高强钢应力腐蚀的影响因素。结合高强钢的使用环境和力学特点,简述了高强钢的应力腐蚀开裂机理,包括氢致开裂理论、阳极溶解理论、腐蚀产物楔入理论、应力吸附破裂理论等。针对高强钢在海洋环境中的应力腐蚀问题,分别从组织成分优化、表面处理和阴极保护等方面论述了应力腐蚀防护方法。最后,展望了应力腐蚀机理与防护的发展方向。