农牧交错地带的生态评估对土地整理的启示

开展农牧交错地带的生态评估,不仅能够保障区域内的粮食安全和生态安全,更能启示未来的土地整理工作。利用1986、1996和2000年的3期Landsat数据,应用转移矩阵、生态服务功能分析和景观格局分析等研究方法,对地处典型农牧交错带的镇赉县的土地利用变化、土地利用格局和功能进行研究,结果表明:耕地和草地是研究区域中最主要的土地利用类型;1986～1996年间土地整理工作的重点是耕地与未利用地之间的转变,1996～2000年间土地整理工作的重点是耕地与草地之间的转变。土地形态整理必然引起生态系统服务功能价值的变化,随着研究区域生态环境的退化,对于土地整理过程中不可控制单元(如湿地和水域)的微小变化,必然造成生态系统服务功能价值大幅变动。因此,系统维护与保育整个生态系统,实现整个区域的生态型土地整理,是今后土地整理工作的重点和难点。     

Landscape structure and land uese on county level in northeastern Yunnan Province of China—a case study of Huize County

1　Ｌａｎｄｓｃａｐｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ1.1　ＴｈｅｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅＴｈｅｓｔｕｄｙａｒｅａ(ＨｕｉｚｅＣｏｕｎｔｙ)ｉｓｌｏｃａｔｅｄａｔ2 5°48′34″— 2 7°0 3′19″Ｎａｎｄ 10 3°0 3′47″— 10 3°54′2 7″Ｅ .ＩｔｂｅｌｏｎｇｓｔｏｔｈｅＺｈａｏｔｏｎｇａｎｄＸｕａｎｗｅｉｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎ ｐｌａｔｅａｕｒｅｇｉｏｎｗｉｔｈｓｅｍｉ ｈｕｍｉｄｅｖｅｒｇｒｅｅｎｂｒｏａｄ ｌｅａｖｅｄｆｏｒｅｓｔａｎｄｒｅｄｅａｒｔｈｏｆｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎｓｕｂｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌＹ…     

庐山世界地质公园及其周边地区的主要地质景观

庐山是一座科学名山。以其地学文化价值的世界性意义，于2004年2月为联合国教科文组织批准为首批世界地质公园之一。庐山经历了约20亿年来的沧海桑田之巨变的地质演化历史，漫长而复杂的历史地质作用，不仅造就了绮丽的山江湖景观，也遗存有十分丰富、保存完整、出露良好的地质遗迹景观。在以庐山为中心、40km为半径的大科学园内，出露有八大独特、典型和富有科学价值的地质景观：一是保存完好的第四纪冰川遗迹；二是出露了比较齐全的元古宙地质断面，是研究扬子板块东部元古宙地质的”窗口”；三是位处李四光厘定的淮阳山字型构造的弧顶地段，淮阳弧顶与联合旋卷构造形迹发育良好；四是庐山山体是一个典型而富有特色的变质核杂岩构造；五是保存有地垒式块断山构造的典型形迹；六是断块、冰川、流水复合地貌景观奇特；七是发育有中国第一大淡水湖一鄱阳湖和亚洲最大淡水湖泊湿地；八是发现了商代采铜遗迹与城门山、彭山典型多金属矿田等地质遗产。     

韶石山- -丹霞地貌丹霞山的姐妹山

广东北部丹霞盆地是中、新生代内陆山间盆地，由早第三纪红色岩层构成的丹霞山和韶石山，是丹霞地貌命名标准地区的姐妹山。韶石山因舜帝南巡奏韶乐而得名，后为韶关市命名的主山。自古以三十六奇石著称于世。近年已逐步开发和开展旅游活动。     

辽宁大伙房水库上游地区景观格局分析

以遥感影像作为基本信息源，在GLS的支持下，建立空间信息库，采用景观生态学研究方法，选取斑块大小，分维数，景观破碎度和景观优势度，均匀性，多样性指数等指标。对大伙房上游地区景观格局进行了分析。研究区内景观空间格局基本构型以森林为主的景观结构，景观生态体系功能状况较好。     

云南省高速公路景观设计探析

通过阐述高速公路景观设计的定义、发展概况，分析云南省当前高速公路景观设计的现状、存在问题及意义等，研究适合云南省的高速公路景观设计思路。     

游览黄龙─九寨沟自然地质公园

位于四川西北部的黄龙和九寨沟自然地质公园以其独特的高寒岩溶地质景观（钙华景观和层湖叠瀑景观）蜚声中外，被列为世界级风景区．本文介绍了黄龙钙华景观，将其分为钙华滩流、边石坝彩池、钙华瀑布、钙华洞穴和钙华泉；描述了九寨沟优美的层湖叠瀑景观，以及各主要景点的诗情画意。     

Multifunctional landscapes--perspectives for the future

New methods in landscape ecology to study the link between landscape between landscape heterogeneity and landscape functionality are needed.Heterogeneity is a basic characteristic of Iandscape,and landscape fnction is the capacity to change the structural heterogeneity of a landscape ystem.In most developed countries the industrialisation of agriculture has in general resulted in a change of agricultural landscapes from a small-grained heterogeneous pattern towards more monotonous and monofunctional landscapes.During the 1990‘s this trends seems to have changed due to a diversification of rural land use and new trends in urbanisation.Weather these phases of landscape development should be expected in developing countries is a totally open question.Dealing with the study of multifunctionality of landscapes it is proposed to distinguish between ecological functionality of landscape ecosystems,functionality.Further,the relation between function,space and scale is important by the determination of spatial and time segregation as well as spatial and time integration of multifunctionality in landscapes.     

Hydrological adjustment and flooding control of wetlands in the Liaohe Delta

The function of estuary wetland on hydrological adjustment and flooding control is studied in this paper,It is estimated that the evapotranspiration in reed field during growth season(June to October)is 722.9 mm,which is 37.5% igher than large water body(E601:525.9mm).The water replacement rate in the reed field can reach 95% only when the rains continously for 11 days and the precipitation reached 912mm.For the water balance in the paddy field ,the total water requirement ranges between 1920 and 1860 mm,among which,31% is from precipitation,and the left is provided by reseroirs.The water usage efficiency is 0.35% at present productivity.Based on the landscape storage area;flooding discharge area;flood diversion area in emergency;and flood control drainage area.     

Soil landscape constraint mapping for coastal land use planning using geographic information system

The aim of the study was to delineate soil landscape constraints to various land uses for urban and regional planning in the coastal areas of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Soil landscape units mapped at 1:100,000 or coarser were sub-divided into component facets using advanced terrain modelling techniques in a geographic information system (GIS). The output facet grids were further overlain and linked with relevant GIS layers and soil databases to derive soil landscape constraint ratings for various land use purposes such as residential development, cropping and grazing. The constraint ratings for a specific land use were calculated based on objective and rule-based assessments of soil and landscape features such as engineering hazards, intrinsic fertility, drainage and other parameters. A series of soil landscape constraint maps which portray specific land use capability have been produced for the NSW coast. The methodology developed in this study has been demonstrated to be efficient in delineating soil landscape constraints and there is over 90% agreement between the model outputs and the assessment by soil surveyors with local knowledge. The output maps show levels of unprecedented detail of soil and landscape constraint for the coast of NSW and can be readily interpreted by land use planners and land managers for sustainable land use decision making practices.