PRODUCTION PROCESSES UNDER THE ICE IN LAKE ST. CLAIR II. NUTRIENTS (SILICATE) AS A LIMITING FACTOR1

ABSTRACT: During the winter of 1972 nutrient concentrations beneath the ice, and snow when present, were measured at three stations in Lake St. Clair. Nutrient patterns are compared and discussed in relation to primary production. Typically nutrient concentrations were high for a few weeks after ice formation and high again in the spring with mid-winter declines. At station 3 soluble reactive silica appeared to influence primary production and chlorophyll a. Nutrient limitation was not detected at the other two stations. The nutrient patterns, primary production and temperature provide evidence that a water mass or plume peculiar to the inflowing Thames River moves down the southeastern side of the lake beneath the ice.     

岱海硅藻类浮游植物初级生产力Si限制初探

以岱海水-沉积物系统中BSi的地球化学特征为基础,结合沉积物中BSi的空间分布和垂向分布以及BSi与古环境古气候的响应关系,对岱海硅藻类浮游植物初级生产力的Si限制理论进行了探索.研究发现,岱海上覆水中Si的平均含量仅为0.38 mg/L,而表层沉积物中BSi的平均含量达到7.5 mg/g;水-沉积物系统中SiO32-和BSi的空间分布特征揭示了生源硅的主要来源;水-沉积物系统中Si与C、N、P的比值及BSi与古环境古气候的响应关系阐明了Si成为硅藻浮游植物初级生产力限制因子的主要原因;不同历史时段内,Si成为岱海硅藻浮游植物初级生产力限制因子的主导原因不同.     

HIPS阻燃复合材料三元潜在火灾危险性评价

将高抗冲聚苯乙烯树脂颗粒(纳米/微米级)、十溴二苯乙烷颗粒、三氧化二锑、弹性体、分散剂和偶联剂通过一步熔融共混工艺先行制备UL94 V-0级阻燃母粒,再将其与HIPS本体树脂按不同比例混合制得阻燃复合材料,并利用极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL94)及ISO 5660锥形量热计三项测试表征制得样品的燃烧和火灾性能,从中提炼和分析LOI、垂直燃烧等级和最大热释放速率(Pk HRR)等三元关键指标相关性,给出了定性定量相结合的潜在火灾危险性分级范围。结果表明:UL94燃烧等级和Pk HRR相关性体现为当Pk HRR≤330.0 k W/m~2时,试样UL94等级均为V-0级;UL94燃烧等级和LOI相关性体现为随UL94燃烧等级从V-0降到HB时,试样LOI从27.0降到17.0;Pk HRR与LOI相关性体现为Pk HRR与LOI呈粗略反向线性相关性;UL94燃烧等级、Pk HRR和LOI三元相关性体现为当LOI22.0、Pk HRR为399.0~665.0 k W/m~2时,材料UL94燃烧等级介于HB~V-2。     

高效无机混凝剂聚硅酸铁铝的研究

高效混凝剂是目前水处理研究的热点用水玻璃、硫酸铁和硫酸铝制取聚硅酸铁铝混凝剂（PSFA),确定了制备PSFA混凝剂的优化条件：硅酸聚合度n为05,Fe³⁺及Al³⁺与SiO²的摩尔比为1：l,Fe³⁺与A³⁺的摩尔比为1：l,水解度B*为0.5,而熟化时间对PSFA混凝剂的混凝性能影响不明显用PSFA混凝剂处理实际水样,并与单独投加混凝剂硫酸铁及硫酸铁加助换剂聚硅酸效果进行了比较,结果表明,PSFA混凝剂的效果最好,而且用药量少;同时还对PSFA混凝剂的混凝机理进行了讨论     

Mechanisms Providing for Species Coexistence in the Herb-Dwarf Shrub Layer of a Southern Taiga Birch Forest

Individual species coexisting in the herb-dwarf shrub layer of a mature southern taiga birch forest were studied with respect to their limitation by different environmental resources and differences in the time or localization of the intensive utilization of deficient resources. The results made it possible to estimate the significance of different mechanisms of species coexistence in multispecific communities for herbaceous and dwarf shrub species of the forest phytocenosis studied.     

Phosphorus limitation in biofiltration for drinking water treatment

Bacterial growth potential(BGP) method and two parallel pilot-scale biofilters were used to investigate phosphorus limitation and its effect on the removal of organic matters in biofiltration for drinking water treatment. Addition of phosphorus can substantially increase the BGPs of the samples. Its effect was equivalent to that of addition of a mixture of various inorganic nutrients including phosphorus.The biofllter with phosphate added into its influent performed a higher biological stability of the effluent and a higher CODM, removal than the control filter. Thesere sults suggested that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient in the biofiltration and the removal efficiency of organic matters could be improved by adding phosphate into the influent.     

内蒙古自治区气候生产潜力的动态分析

内蒙古自治区地处季风气候边缘区。对该地区气候生产潜力的动态分析表明:区域内气候生产潜力年际变率大,其中水分限制作用突出的地区变率尤大。利用自然正交函数对气候生产潜力的时空分析还揭示出:区域内生产潜力的变化在时间上具有同步性,在变幅上具有地区差异性,在空间上,东西方向具有反相性。     

INVESTIGATIONS ON NUTRIENT FACTORS LIMITING PHYTOPLANKTON PRODUCTIVITY IN TWO CENTRAL VIRGINIA PONDS1

ABSTRACT. Laboratory and field studies were initiated to evaluate at regular intervals by ¹⁴C and chlorophyll enrichment bioassay some of the nutrients, particularly ammonia, that might limit phytoplankton photosynthesis in two central Virginia ponds. Preliminary comparisons of the phytoplankton, their production, and the chemical characteristics of the water were determined. Ammonia, phosphate, nitrate, iron, carbon dioxide, silica and chloride differed most markedly among the various nutrients analyzed. Investigations were continued to compare the validity of using field and laboratory ecosystem work to predict changes in trophic levels resulting from nutrient enrichment, i.e., eutrophication. Laboratory experiments using aquatic microecosystems and field experiments employing in situ plastic cylinders and battery jars support the view that ammonia is a key factor regulating “trophic” features in these two ponds.     

程海的环境问题及其管理对策探讨

程海水污染和富营养化程度日趋严重,ｐＨ值和氟化物浓度超过国家《地面水环境质量标准》Ｖ类,非离子氨和总磷浓度也较高,矿化度趋近咸水湖标准,湖水已达到富营养水平。然而,程海目前的水质仍主要由自然演化进程决定,ｐＨ值、氟化物和总磷浓度适宜分别控制在背景值９．１１￣９．３０之间、１．８８￣２．２３ｍｇ／Ｌ之间和０．０５８ｍｇ／Ｌ以下。程海是磷限制型,富营养化控制重点应放在入湖磷负荷上。目前程海最大的污染源     

关于呼吸器用气瓶阀国家标准的探讨

呼吸器是一种自给式的呼吸保护器具,被广泛运用到消防、化工、船舶、石油、矿山等行业,其主要分为空气呼吸器、氧气呼吸器、氮氧混合呼吸器和潜水呼吸器。一直以来,作为特种设备的呼吸器用气瓶阀并没有相关的国家标准,而GB 15382-2011《气瓶阀通用技术条件》并不包括呼吸器用气瓶阀,因此有必要制定相关的国家标准来对其进行规范。目前,《空气呼吸器用气瓶阀技术条件》国家标准已经出台征求意见稿,本文针对意见稿的相关内容,对阀门进出气口连接型式、过滤装置、限流要求、泄压装置及爆破压力等方面提出相关意见和建议。