唐山LNG项目建设HSE管理的实践

文章通过在唐山LNG项目建设现场HSE管理实践中的经验总结,结合中国石油集团公司提出的加强"三基"工作的要求,提出了一套HSE管理方法并应用于实践,取得了良好效果,为其他LNG项目建设提供了必要的借鉴与参考。     

生产安全监督管理人员的胜任特征模型

安全管理工作是关系到企业平稳发展、员工生命安危至关重要的职位,安全监管人员的招聘、培训、考核和晋升是目前企业不够重视却十分重要的问题,因此建构安全监管人员的胜任特征模型有着重要的现实意义。本文对在安全管理处于领先地位的生产型企业的安全管理状况进行了深度访谈,在此基础上开发了安全监管人员胜任特征调查问卷,对浙江、山东、江苏省的10家企业进行了大样本调查,并进行了探索性和验证性因素分析,构建了安全管理人员的胜任特征模型,包括敬业自信、踏实认真、创新运作、团队合作、积极主动这五方面,并且进行了方差分析,证明该模型能够区分和预测安全管理绩效,具有岗位针对性和可应用性。     

开发建设项目水土保持监测与评价——以玛纳斯电厂三期扩建工程为例

对新疆玛纳斯电厂三期扩建工程进行水土保持监测与评价分析.结果表明,在工程施工初期,地表结构受到扰动与破坏,增加了水土流失量.到施工后期(水保方案运行期),随着对土体结构、地表状况和植被的逐渐恢复,人为扰动因素逐渐减少,地表开始逐步恢复,土壤侵蚀量也逐步趋于稳定.在项目区多数地段,工程施工并未引起大面积严重水土流失;项目...     

成都市典型工艺过程源挥发性有机物源成分谱

选取成都市人造板、医药制造和化工制品等工艺过程源典型企业,通过采样瓶和SUMMA罐采样及GC-MS和国标分析方法,获取了人造板等行业各生产工艺环节的挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放组分特征.其中,人造板生产工艺分为制胶、调胶、分选和热压,医药制造分为生产车间和废水处理.结果表明,人造板和医药制造VOCs贡献组分以OVOCs为主,占VOCs总排放的50%以上.甲醛制造有组织和无组织排放组分差异较大,有组织以OVOCs为主而无组织以卤代烃为主.涂料制造VOCs排放与其原辅料相关性较高,VOCs排放组分以芳香烃和OVOCs为主.人造板各工艺环节除调胶外,最主要的VOCs组分均为甲醛,其排放占比达到50%以上.医药制造各工艺环节的首要VOCs组分均为乙醇,1,4-二烷、乙酸乙酯和甲苯等亦为主要组分.甲醛制造以丙酮和乙醇等组分为主.涂料制造主要以间,对-二甲苯等芳香烃为主.以臭氧生成潜势表征人造板、医药制造和化工的VOCs污染源反应活性,结果表明不同行业VOCs组分对反应活性的贡献类似,均主要以甲醛、乙醇等OVOCs和部分芳香烃等高活性组分为主.应对工艺过程源等行业分环节监管,并重点关注臭氧生成潜势较大的VOCs组分,分析行业排放特征和化学机制,从源头控制O3生成.     

PM2.5, PM10 and health risk assessment of heavy metals in a typical printed circuit noards manufacturing workshop

A typical Printed Circuit Board（PCB） manufacturer was chosen as the object of this study.During PCB processing, fine particulate matter and heavy metals（Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni）will be released into the air and dust, which then impact workers＇ health and the environment. The concentrations of total suspended particle（TSP）, PM10 and PM2.5in the off-site were 106.3, 90.0 and 50.2 μg/m3, respectively, while the concentrations of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5in the workshops ranged from 36.1 to 365.3, from 27.1 to 289.8 and from 22.1 to212.3 μg/m3, respectively. Almost all six of the heavy metals were detected in all of the particle samples except Cd. For each workshop, it was obvious that Zn was the most enriched metal in TSP, followed by Cu 〉 Pb（Cr） 〉 Ni 〉 Cd, and the same trend was found for PM10 and PM2.5. In the dust samples, Cu（which ranged from 4.02 to 56.31 mg/g） was the most enriched metal, followed by Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni and Cd, and the corresponding concentrations ranged from 0.77 to 4.47, 0.37 to 1.59, 0.26 to 0.84, 0.13 to 0.44 and nd to0.078 mg/g, respectively. The health risk assessment showed that noncancerous effects are unlikely for Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Cd and Ni. The carcinogenic risks for Cd and Ni were all lower than 10-6, except for Cr. This result indicates that carcinogenic risks for workers are relatively possible in the workshops. These findings suggest that this technology is advanced from the perspective of environmental protection in the waste PCB＇s recycling industry.     

印制电路板制造业结构优化调整思路探讨

以某典型城市为例,调查印制电路板制造业的经济技术发展现状和污染防治水平,分析该行业的对经济发展的带动作用、对电子信息业的配套作用和对环境的污染影响。在此基础上,提出产业调整思路和淘汰退出机制建议,以期为类似的重污染行业产业政策制定提供决策参考。     

Energy based phenomenological model for optimizing the sheared edge in the trimming of steels

Attributes related to the dimensional quality of hot rolled steels are very important in commercial sectors that make direct use of this product, because delay or equipment damage can be avoided when forming in downstream operations. In this research, the steel sheet edge trimming process and its relationship with the defect known as broken edge is experimental and numerically studied. The type of material, horizontal clearance between knives and the energy spent during the cutting process are analyzed in detail. A metal-mechanical study is carried out for obtaining a microstructural hardness and flow stress characterization. Consequently, the edge trimming process is FEM simulated and its results in relation to knife penetration and shear stress lead to determining the energy spent during the cutting process. A mathematical model is determined under the consideration that minimum energy gives the optimum cutting conditions. The model proposes a reliable value for the horizontal clearance (H_c), between knives, taking as the principal factors: energy consumed during the edge trimming process, sheet thickness (T_h), carbon content (C) and/or its ultimate tensile strength, expressed as: H_c = α + βT_h − γC. A comparison of the recommended numerical results with the best practical conditions is carried out and a high coincidence is successfully found. This model is expected to be easily adopted as a tool where operators can adjust and control the parameters of process, and then, as a result, produce a sheet without edge trimming defects as well as a reduction in efficiency costs.     

Q/SH0569-2013在建立环境监理管理体系中的应用

以山东液化天然气(LNG)项目为例,从环境监理的组织机构体系、管理及技术方法体系、管理程序及体系文件等方面,阐述了Q/SH0569-2013《建设项目环境监理技术规范(试行)》在港口码头及管道运输建设项目环境监理管理体系建立过程中的应用。     

Measurement Accuracy of the Electrosensitive Protective Device Response Time When Using the Double Penetration Method

The Double Penetration Method (DPM) method of measuring ESPD (Electrosensitive Protective Device) response time was presented by Dzwiarek (1997). Calibrating the measuring equipment is a crucial stage of the procedure. Experimental verification of theoretical predictions is also crucial. For calibration purposes, a device simulating real ESPD operation thus enabling a correct setting of the response time was designed (Dzwiarek, 1997).

Theoretical analysis has shown that measuring ESPD response time with the DPM is subject to localisation errors made in the localisation of the detection zone border, rod position measurement errors made during highspeed penetration, and time delay measurement errors. The values of all those components of the total error have been determined experimentally using the calibrating device. Measurements have been taken under conditions as close to real ones as possible proving that the total measurement error is really enclosed within the assumed limits.