A/O和A2/O法除磷脱氮工艺影响因素及除磷动力学的研究

重点介绍A/O除磷工艺和A~2/O除磷脱氮工艺,以及影响除磷脱氮工艺因素和除磷动力学的研究。工艺研究采用了动态与静态实验方法,采用色质联机研究了有毒有机物的降解情况。试验结果表明,A/O、A~2/O工艺的BOD_5去除率近于二级污水处理厂,A~2/O法TP去除率近于三级污水处理厂,且去除难降解有毒有机物的效率高于传统的活性污泥法。动力学公式的修正使之更适于低碳源的情况。八种影响因素的研究为工艺的设计与运行提供了依据。     

利用混合C9重芳烃回收磺酸盐装置的技术经济分析

介绍了回收磺酸盐生产工艺 ,对其装置的产品成本进行了测算 ,并对盈亏平衡及其敏感性进行了分析 ,进而确定了主要经济指标。     

An investigation of methods for enriching trophoblast from maternal blood

Trophoblast deportation is known to occur in normal human pregnancy, but it is not yet clear whether these cells routinely enter the maternal peripheral circulation and are available as a source of fetal DNA for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. To resolve this issue requires an efficient method of enriching trophoblast from maternal blood combined with a means to confirm its identity. Five different techniques were tested on ten retroplacental blood samples to determine the most sensitive and operator-efficient method. Lysis of red cells alone gave the best recovery of trophoblast but had to be discounted, together with Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, due to the very low purity and the excessive time required. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) of pre-enriched trophoblast resulted in the lowest recovery rate (8 per cent) despite a 3250-fold enrichment and a very high purity. Immunomagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with anti-CD 16 antibody proved to be the best method for the subsequent immunocytochemical characterization of deported trophoblast. However, IO beads coated with anti-CD45 antibody may be more useful for isolating trophoblast for prenatal diagnosis due to the high purity, enrichment (32-fold), and recovery rate (78 per cent) obtained with this method.     

Prenatal exclusion of stickler syndrome

Stickler syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder of the connective tissue which includes ocular and systemic manifestations. We report on a large kindred in which we were able to demonstrate very tight linkage between the disease and the type II collagen gene (COL2A1) (LOD score 3·91 at θ=0). In a family in which the father and one of his daughters were severely affected, DNA analysis from a chorionic villus sample demonstrated that the fetus possessed the normal allele of COL2A1. Thereafter a normal child was born.     

Influence of chlorsulfuron herbicide on size of microbial biomass in the soil

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铬革渣资源化处理研究 Ⅱ.由铬革渣提取蛋白质和铬(Ⅲ)

铬革渣是制革工业废弃物,经碱水解脱铬提取蛋白质.蛋白质与作为载体的糠麸混合,烃干燥后粉碎,制成饲料蛋白粉.剩余的碱性滤渣用硫酸提取硫酸铬,该盐可作为铬鞣剂,提铬后的酸性滤渣可用作花肥.     

应用低温等离子体技术治理空气污染研究进展

低温等离子体技术在治理空气污染方面以其效率高、能耗低、适用范围广等特点而成为研究热点.本文介绍了低温等离子体的概念及分类,概述了国内外利用单一低温等离子体技术及其与吸附、催化协同、多性能颗粒混合物结合治理空气污染的最新进展,指出了存在的问题并讨论了今后的研究方向和应用前景.     

二价铜离子对川蔓藻(Ruppia maritima)的毒害作用研究

采用室内培养试验方法,研究了水体中二价铜离子(Cu2 )对耐盐沉水植物川蔓藻的毒害作用.试验针对叶绿素、可溶性蛋白和POD活性3项指标进行分析.结果表明,川蔓藻对低浓度铜离子的胁迫会产生一定的适应性,在Cu2 ≤1 mg·L-1的情况下对川蔓藻生长不会造成明显影响.Cu2 达到或超过5 mg·L-1就会使川蔓藻植株的生理生化指标出现明显变化,生长也会受到抑制.在试验条件下,铜离子浓度越高,植株受到的伤害越严重.     

等离子体与光催化耦合净化空气污染物研究现状

综合探讨了低温等离子体与光催化耦合这一新兴技术净化空气污染物的机理,讨论了影响耦合净化功能的主要因素以及臭氧的去除方法,介绍了该技术在去除挥发性有机物、氮氧化物、除菌等方面的研究现状,提出了其今后的研究方向。     

A／O-化学除磷工艺中DMBR动态膜成膜条件研究

根据动态膜原理，将0．1mm孔径无纺布为膜材的动态膜反应器（Dynamic Membrane BioReactor，DMBR）应用于A／O-化学除磷工艺之中，在动态膜反应器内完成泥水分离。试验测试了曝气强度、初始膜通量和污泥浓度对动态膜成膜的影响。结果表明，曝气强度和初始膜通量是影响成膜的关键性参数。当曝气强度≥60m^3／m^2·h或初始膜通量≥70L／m^2·h，2h内均不能形成截留性能良好的动态膜。在VSS／SS较低的污泥系统中，适宜的成膜条件为：曝气强度≤40m^3／m^2·h；初始膜通量≤40L/m^2·h。