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排序方式: 共有2599条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
991.
Jun Li Wentao Li Gan Luo Yan Li Aimin Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(1):6
992.
Virender K. Sharma Xin Yu Thomas J. McDonald Chetan Jinadatha Dionysios D. Dionysiou Mingbao Feng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(3):37
993.
Mengzhi Ji Zichen Liu Kaili Sun Zhongfang Li Xiangyu Fan Qiang Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(5):84
994.
Root-associated microbial communities are very important for biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in wetland ecosystems, and help to enhance the mechanisms of plant invasions. In the estuary of Jiulong River (China), Spartina alternifiora has widely invaded Kandelia obovata-dominated habitats, making it necessary to investigate the influence of rootassociated bacteria. The endophytic and rhizosphere bacterial community structures associated with selected plant species were investigated using the barcoded Illumina paired-end sequencing technique. The diversity indices of bacteria associated with the roots of S. alterniflora were higher than those of the transition stands and K. obovata monoculture. Using principal coordinate analysis with UniFrac metrics, the comparison of diversity showed that all samples could be significantly clustered into three major groups, according to the bacterial communities of origin. Four phyla, namely, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes, were abundant in the rhizoplane of the two salt marsh plants, whereas Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria were the more abundant endophytic bacteria. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes in the rhizosphere bacteria of S. alterniflora accounted for 78.0%, 5.6%, 3.3%, and 1.6%, respectively. Members of the phyla Spirochaetes and Chloroflexi were found among the endophytic bacteria of S. alterniflora and K. obovata, respectively. Using linear discriminate analysis, we found some dominant rhizoplane and endophytic bacteria, including Pseudoalteromonadaceae, Vibrionaceae, Methylophilaceae, and Desulfovibrio, which could potentially affect the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles. Of interest was that endophytic bacteria were more sensitive to plant invasion than rhizosphere bacteria. Thus, the results provide evidence for the isolation of functional bacteria and the effects of root-associated microbial groups on S. alterniflora invasions. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
995.
Xie M.Wu Z.Wang X.Gu J.Chen L.Wang Y. 《应用与环境生物学报》2018,(4):915-920
In an effort to remove BDE-47 residues from the environment, a bacterial strain that is capable of utilizing BDE-47 as the sole carbon source was isolated and screened from soil collected from an e-waste recycling area in Tianjin to analyze the degradation properties. The strain was preliminarily identified as Enterobacter sp. according to a 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The strain degraded 35.8% of 525 μg/L of BDE-47 in 35 d when the initial concentration of bacteria was 7.1 × 105 cells/ mL. The product of the biodegradation of BDE-47 was BDE-28. The biodegradation of BDE-47 fit well with first-order kinetics, and its degradation kinetics was ln Ct = - 0.104t + 6.22. With the addition of an electron acceptor, such as Fe3+, SO4 2- and NO3 -, the BDE-47 degradation rate was significantly increased to 49.8%, 59.1%, and 67.3%, respectively. The above results revealed that the strain could degrade BDE-47, which is of importance in the application of environmental bioremediation of BDE-47. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
996.
Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge with tumor roots was discovered, and the endophytic bacteria that were isolated from the tumor roots were purified and identified. This paper aimed to study the characteristics of endophytic bacteria. The CAS detection plate, Salkowski colorimetry, phosphate solubilizing circle, and molybdenum antimony spectrophotometry were used to analyze endophytic bacteria ability, which produced siderophores, secreted indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and dissolved phosphorus. Strains were isolated from the tumor roots through morphological and molecular identification, and they were named XSB1-XSB9, of which 6 strains belonged to Bacillus sp., 2 strains belonged to Brevibacillus sp., and 1 strain belonged to Pseudomonas sp. All 9 strains produced siderophores; strains XSB3, XSB4, XSB8, and XSB9 were extremely high yielding, and strains XSB5 and XSB6 were high yielding. The strains with high yields were XSB3, XSB4, XSB5, XSB6, XSB8, and XSB9 and accounted for 66.7% of the tested strains. Nine strains secreted IAA; the concentration of IAA secreted by the strains that contained tryptophan was between 15-50 mg/L, and the concentration of IAA secreted by the one strain without tryptophan was between 10-35 mg/L. The IAA ability of the XSB2, XSB3, XSB4, XSB5, and XSB9 strains were significantly different (P < 0.05) after adding tryptophan. These results indicate that the synthesis of IAA may be the tryptophan synthesis pathway where tryptophan is used as a precursor. All 9 strains had some ability to dissolve phosphorus. The concentration of phosphate in the solubilizing strains, XSB1, XSB2, XSB4, and XSB5, were significantly higher than that in the other strains (P < 0.01), and the concentration of phosphate solubilizing was between 50-90 mg/L; the ability to dissolve phosphate was increased by 19-29 times. The XSB4 and XSB5 strains, which produced siderophores, secreted IAA and had a strong capacity to dissolve phosphorus, may be candidate strains for promoting growth. This research provides the foundation for the development and utilization of rhizosphere microbes to understand the resistance mechanisms and cultivation level of X. sorbifolia. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
997.
Mothe Gopi Kiran Kannan Pakshirajan Gopal Das 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(4):12
998.
铁循环微生物对环境中重金属的影响研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
铁循环微生物包括铁氧化菌(Fe(Ⅱ)-oxidizing bacteria,FeOB)和铁还原菌(Fe(Ⅲ)-reducing bacteria,FeRB),在由它们介导Fe2+(Fe3+)氧化(还原)的过程中,往往也伴随着一系列重金属元素的迁移转化,对重金属在环境中的生物有效性和迁移性方面有重要作用.本文综述了环境中的铁循环微生物,针对铁循环微生物驱动重金属迁移转化的作用机制,分别从铁氧化菌氧化亚铁生成铁矿物对重金属的固定,铁还原菌介导铁矿物还原溶解及次生矿物生成,以及铁循环微生物代谢耦合重金属形态转化方面进行阐述;进一步通过研究实例综述了铁循环微生物对环境中砷、镉、铬、铜、铅等重金属的作用及修复潜力;未来的研究可关注特定微生物的成矿机制,生物成矿对重金属固定的调控,以及重金属复合污染场地的铁循环微生物修复应用等方面.本文以期为基于铁循环微生物的重金属污染修复提供理论指导和应用依据. 相似文献
999.
典型气田土壤铁还原活性与微生物群落关系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由微生物驱动的土壤铁还原过程在铁的生物地球化学循环中起到重要作用,该过程还可与土壤重金属的转化及石油烃类有机污染物的降解等过程相偶联.油气田土壤常具有潜在有机污染物风险,本研究以重庆涪陵页岩气田的土壤(潜在烃类有机物污染风险)为对象,测定土壤铁还原活性(Iron Reducing Potential,IRP),并利用Illumina Miseq测序解析其中的铁还原微生物类群,进而探讨IRP、土壤基本性质及微生物群落之间的关系.结果表明,该区域土壤铁还原菌群的优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes).与低IRP样品相比,高IRP样品中Pseudomonas、norank Peptococcaceae及Lentimicrobium等菌属具有较高的相对丰度.基于各样品OTU (Operational Taxonomic Unit)组成的PCoA (Principal Co-ordinates Analysis)分析表明,高、中及低IRP样品中铁还原菌群落结构差异显著(R2=0.25,p<0.01),且一些分别属于Acetoanaerobium、Proteiniphilum、Petrimonas、Tessaracoccus及Exiguobacterium菌属中的OTUs在高IRP样品中显著上调.结构方程模型表明,铁还原微生物的群落结构是直接决定土壤IRP的主要因子,土壤氨氮及有效磷均可通过影响微生物群落结构来间接影响IRP,且氨氮还可通过直接影响有效磷来间接影响土壤IRP.本研究揭示了影响典型页岩气田土壤铁还原活性的关键因子及微生物机制,为进一步深入研究铁还原条件下土壤有机污染物去除的微生物机制打下基础. 相似文献
1000.
本研究采用SBR反应器,以实际低C/N比生活污水为进水基质,采用间歇梯度曝气(各曝气段溶解氧浓度递减)充分利用内碳源,探讨不同首段厌氧时间下好氧颗粒污泥脱氮除磷效果.结果表明,间歇梯度曝气的初始厌氧段从50 min增加至90 min,使颗粒污泥内碳源的储量增加,这一延时厌氧的改进条件导致颗粒污泥脱氮除磷效果提升,当延时至70和90 min时,COD、TN和TP的去除效率分别可达84.74%、70.05%和89.7%以及86.65%、78.81%和85.5%.但随后首段厌氧时间增至110 min后,由于部分细胞解体,污泥流失较严重,使内碳源储量约降低13.6%,进而污染物去除效率下降.在首段厌氧时间从50 min延长至90 min的过程中,LB-EPS中PS含量变化较小,随后延时至110 min后PS含量增加至约7.18 mg·g-1,PN含量增加至约5.56mg·g-1.TB-EPS中PN和PS含量均较稳定,进而表明内碳源储量对LB-EPS的影响较TB-EPS大,同时污泥沉降性能下降与LB-EPS中PS含量增加密切相关.颗粒污泥中DPAOs占比随首段厌氧时间的适当增加而升高,其中首段厌氧时间为70 min时DPAOs占比达到51.5%. 相似文献