Simultaneous determination of dissolved organic nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and ammonia using size exclusion chromatography coupled with nitrogen detector

Accurate quantification of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) has been a challenge due to the cumulative analytical errors in the conventional method via subtracting dissolved inorganic nitrogen species (DIN) from total dissolved nitrogen (TDN). Size exclusion chromatography coupled with an organic nitrogen detector (SEC-OND) has been developed as a direct method for quantification and characterization of DON. However, the applications of SEC-OND method still subject to poor separations between DON and DIN species and unsatisfied N recoveries of macromolecules. In this study, we packed a series of SEC columns with different lengths and resin materials for separation of different N species and designed an independent vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) oxidation device for complete oxidation converting N species to nitrate. To guarantee sufficient N recoveries, the operation conditions were optimized as oxidation time ≥ 30 min, injection mass (sample concentration × injection volume) < 1000 µL × mg-N/L for macromolecular proteins, and neutral pH mobile eluent. The dissolved O₂ concentration in SEC mobile phase determined the upper limit of VUV oxidation at a specific oxidation time. Compared to conventional HW50S column (20 × 250 mm), HW40S column (20 × 350 mm) with mobile phase comprising of 1.5 g/L Na₂HPO₄·2H₂O + 2.5 g/L KH₂PO₄ (pH = 6.85) could achieve a better separation of DON, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia. When applied to river water, lake water, wastewater effluent, groundwater, and landfill leachate, the SEC-OND method could quantify DON as well as DIN species accurately and conveniently even the DIN/TDN ratio reached 0.98.     

Insights into reactive oxygen species formation induced by water-soluble organic compounds and transition metals using spectroscopic method

Ambient particulate matter (PM) can cause adverse health effects via their ability to produce Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Water-Soluble Organic Compounds (WSOCs), a complex mixture of organic compounds which usually coexist with Transition Metals (TMs) in PM, have been found to contribute to ROS formation. However, the interaction between WSOCs and TMs and its effect on ROS generation are still unknown. In this study, we examined the ROS concentrations of V, Zn, Suwannee River Fulvic Acid (SRFA), Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA) and the mixtures of V/Zn and SRFA/SRHA by using a cell-free 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) assay. The results showed that V or Zn synergistically promoted ROS generated by SRFA, but had an antagonistic effect on ROS generated by SRHA. Fluorescence quenching experiments indicated that V and Zn were more prone to form stable complexes with aromatic humic acid-like component (C1) and fulvic acid-like component (C3) in SRFA and SRHA. Results suggested that the underlying mechanism involving the fulvic acid-like component in SRFA more tending to complex with TMs to facilitate ROS generation through π electron transfer. Our work showed that the complexing ability and complexing stability of atmospheric PM organics with metals could significantly affect ROS generation. It is recommended that the research deploying multiple analytical methods to quantify the impact of PM components on public health and environment is needed in the future.     

光化学反应的环境效应

光化学反应具有良好的环境效应，本文概述了有机合成和环境化学中光化学反应对环境的影响。     

利用工农业有机废弃物生产优质无土栽培基质

简述了无土固体基质的发展史及趋势,综述了利用工农业有机废弃物生产无土栽培基质的研究、开发和应用的现状。根据无土栽培基质的一般要求对利用工农业有机废弃物生产无土栽培基质应注意的问题进行了讨论,提出采用新技术、新工艺进行标准化生产是发展这一具有广阔前景产业的关键。     

对水体中有机污染综合指标及其相互间的关系探研

通过对水体中各有机污染综合指标的含义及各指标测定方法条件控制的论述,阐明了各指标间的相互关系,对我们在水质监测中的质量控制、数据的综合分析和判断有一定的指导意义。     

用片段常数法估算有机化合物在鱼体内的生物富集因子

根据337个有机化合物在鱼体内生物富集因子的实测数据建立了片段常数估算模型。涉及的有机物包括卤代苯、卤代联苯、氯代脂肪烃、多环芳烃、醇、醚、醛、酮、腈、苯酚、苯胺、硝基苯、呋喃、二误Yin、含氮氧硫的杂环混合和物、脲和有机磷农药等多种类别，logKow在0.39-8.60之间。模型可决系数0.982，标准差0.453，平均绝对误差0.322个对数单位。60种检验化合物的平均预测残差为0.320个对数单位。     

下古生界海相碳酸盐烃源岩地球化学的研究现状

本文对国内外下古生界海相碳酸盐岩研究的四个主要方面作了总结：（1）有机质丰度及其影响因素；（2）有机质赋存形式；（3）下古生界海相碳酸盐岩有机质丰度和生烃潜力恢复方法和原理；（4）下古生界海相碳酸盐岩热成熟度研究。这四个方面是评价我国下古生界海相碳酸盐岩勘探前景至关重要的因素，也是近年来我们研究下古生界海相碳酸盐岩的热点和难点问题。     

UV/TiO_2/H_2O_2法对高浓度有机废水降解的应用研究

用UV TiO2 H2 O2 法对高浓度有机废水降解的实验表明 ,当TiO2 、H2 O2 的投加量分别为 2 0g与 1% ,反应时间为3h时 ,CODCr、Oil、Ar OH、NH3 N、S2 - 的平均去除率分别达到 73 %、83 %、86%、5 0 %、10 0 %。此处理工艺具有除臭、除色、快速高效、不产生污泥等优势。实验过程探索了TiO2 、H2 O2 的用量对各污染物降解率的影响 ,并设计了有实用意义的反应器     

Mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium mutants of the dust organic extract and its five fractions derived from an aluminum electrolytic plant

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