芳香化合物的光催化-臭氧联用降解研究

研究了几种芳香化合物的光催化 臭氧联用降解。探讨了光催化 臭氧联用技术降解有机物作用机理,分析了芳香化合物结构与反应活性的关系。实验结果表明,光催化 臭氧联用对芳香化合物的降解都存在一定的协同效应,而且符合表观准一级反应动力学规律;203#膜光催化臭氧的作用机理是催化臭氧产生了更多的高活性氧化剂,芳香化合物结构对其光催化 臭氧联用降解活性有很大影响。     

Catalysts for decomposing ozone tail gas

The preparation of immobilizing-catalysts for decomposing ozone by using dipping method was studied. XRD, XPS and TEM were used to characterize the catalysts. The three kinds of catalysts were selected preferentially, and their catalytic activities were investigated. The results showed that the catalyst with activated carbon dipping acetate( active components are Mn:Cu = 3:2, active component proportion in catalyst is 15%, calcination temperature is 200℃ ) has the best catalytic activity for ozone decomposing. One gram of catalyst can decompose 17.6g ozone at initial ozone concentration of 2.5g/m^3 and the residence time in reactor of 0.1s. The experimental results also indicated that humidity of reaction system had negative effect on catalytic activity.     

臭氧控制膜污染的研究进展

本文对臭氧在控制膜污染方面的研究现状进行了综述,重点放在臭氧用于膜冲洗和臭氧用于过滤液预处理这两个方面;指明了在一定的条件下,臭氧可以有效地减缓、降低膜污染;臭氧控制膜污染的作用主要通过臭氧降解造成膜污染的有机物质来实现.此外,还介绍了一些臭氧与膜联用的开发应用情况.     

2017年厦门金砖会晤期间人为减排和气象条件变化对臭氧污染特征的影响

针对厦门"金砖会晤"空气质量保障活动，本研究选取2017年8月10日—9月10日的O₃、NO₂和挥发性有机物（VOCs），以及气象因子等在线观测数据，开展人为减排、副热带高压、台风等对东南沿海城市大气O₃污染特征的影响研究.结果表明，研究期间厦门大气O₃-8 h平均浓度为（110.0±40.6）μg·m^-3.与管控前相比，无台风影响的管控I期的O₃-8 h浓度上升了19.9 μg·m^-3，而管控II期的O₃-8 h浓度下降了27.9 μg·m^-3.对于管控I期和II期，台风影响下O₃-8 h浓度较无台风时段分别下降85.2 μg·m^-3和8.9 μg·m^-3.在排放控制和台风的共同作用下，峰会期间厦门大气O₃浓度的日变化显现出"削峰填谷"的特征.另外，与管控I期相比，管控II期O₃前体物VOCs浓度显著下降，其臭氧生成潜势（OFP）下降了44.6%.总之，运用区域联防联控策略，对臭氧前体物（NO_x和VOCs）实施针对性减排，可有效地降低沿海城市大气O₃日间最高浓度.     

碱性环境中臭氧破解污泥的效果研究

实验研究发现,在碱性环境中臭氧破解污泥的效果下降;将污泥pH调至11,24 h后,MLSS减少率=38.3%、MLVSS减少率=45.1%;通入臭氧18 min后,MLSS减少率=18.3%、MLVSS减少率=27.2%;污泥减量过程中pH呈下降趋势.     

SEDIMENT OXYGEN DEMAND IN THE ARROYO COLORADO RIVER1

ABSTRACT: The lower reaches of the Arroyo Colorado have historically failed to meet their use under subsection 303(b) of the U.S. Clean Water Act due to fecal coliform bacteria and low dissolved oxygen (DO). Fish kills, especially at the tidal confluence at the Port of Harlingen, Texas, have been reported. Oxygen demand from sediment (SOD) for a river typically has two states‐diffusion limited SOD (SOD) and potential SOD (pSOD), expressed when sediment is resuspended through increased flow or other disturbances. The objective of this research was to measure SOD in the Arroyo Colorado River in situ, estimate pSOD ex situ, and evaluate the relationship between SOD and the depositional environment. We measured SOD and pSOD in the Arroyo Colorado River at up to eight sites over three sampling events. We identified the sample sites based on a modified Rosgen geomorphic index for streambed stabilization. Sites with high sediment deposition potential had high SOD. The average values of SOD between sites were 0.62 g/m²/day (standard deviation 0.38 g/m²/day) and ranged from 0.13 to 1.2 g/m²/day. Potential SOD values ranged from as low as 19.2 to as high as 2,779 g/m³ sediment/ day. Potential SOD can serve as an indicator of the possible impact of SOD from resuspended sediment in stream systems.     

Hamburgers and the Rainforest – a Review of Issues and Evidence

This paper examines the relationship between North American beef consumption and deforestation in South and Central America. Some writers have argued that consumption of hamburgers in North America, particularly hamburgers consumed in fast food restaurants, contributes to the depletion of the rainforest in South and Central America. We survey the published policy literature on the causes of rainforest depletion in the region. We also review the published estimates of the rate and extent of clearing of rainforest that has occurred in South and Central America since 1970. Finally, we review the data on beef imports and consumption in Canada and the United States in a effort to assess the importance of South and Central America as suppliers of beef to the North American market. We conclude that the relationship between beef consumption in North America should not be considered an important cause of forest depletion in South and Central America. Domestic policies and market forces in the countries where rainforests are located are the leading causes of rainforest depletion in this region. This lesson seems to have been lost on some popular and even some textbook writers on this subject. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

臭氧-生物活性炭深度处理黄浦江水源水中试研究

以黄浦江水源水厂的滤后水为试验对象，进行饮用水O3-BAC深度处理工艺影响因素的中试研完。针对进水水质的试验结果表明，最优臭氧投加量为3mg／L左右，空床停留时间为15min左右。试验结果可为工程设计提供有益的参考。     

The GaNE programme in a global perspective

This paper provides the background to this special issue, outlining the extent to which the global atmospheric nitrogen cycle has been modified by human activity and outlining the range of effects. The global total emissions of reduced and oxidized nitrogen, amount to 124 Tg N, and exceed those from natural sources (34 Tg N) by almost a factor of four showing the extent to which anthropogenic activity has taken over the global N cycle. Of the 124 Tg N, 70 Tg N is emitted in the oxidized form, largely as NO and 70% of which results directly from anthropogenic activity. The remaining 54 Tg N is emitted as NH₃, (66% anthropogenic). The enhanced nitrogen emissions are associated with a range of local, regional and global issues including, acidification, eutrophication, climate change, human health and tropospheric O₃. The paper also places the Global Nitrogen Enrichment (GaNE) research programme in the UK in a wider perspective.     

低浓度臭氧在含钴盐硅胶上的吸附研究

常压下对含钴盐硅胶进行低浓度臭氧的吸附实验，吸附达到饱和后用氮气作为载气加热解吸。结果显示，含钴盐的硅胶对臭氧具有较强的吸附能力；臭氧解吸量随着解吸温度的上升而增加；吸附了臭氧的含钴硅胶粒子在常温(313．15K)下可在60min内不问断解吸出臭氧。