超滤膜材质对处理电泳漆液的影响

本文研究了聚砜，酞侧基聚砜，磺化聚砜，聚丙烯腈，醋酸纤维素，氰乙基醋酸纤维素，氯甲基化聚砜和季胺化聚砜等材质超滤膜的亲水性能，荷电性能以及它们对超滤阳极和阴极电泳漆液的影响，实验结果表明：亲水性较强，电负性较强的氰乙基醋酸纤维素和醋酸纤维素膜，适合用于处理阳极电泳漆液；而亲水性较强，电中性和电正性较强的氯甲基化聚砜和季胺化聚砜膜，则适合用于处理阴极电泳漆液。     

手喷漆清洗剂的研制

为了有效地清除城市小广告以及街头涂鸦,研制了一种针对热塑性丙烯酸树脂类手喷漆的乳液型脱漆剂。采用单因素实验法研究了有机溶剂的种类、用量,主、助溶剂的质量比,表面活性剂的种类、用量,甲酸的用量,对脱漆效率的影响。实验结果表明:脱漆剂的最佳组成为以乙酸丁酯为主溶剂,苯甲醇为助溶剂,十二烷基苯磺酸钠和OP-10复配为表面活性剂,甲酸为促进剂,石蜡为挥发抑制剂。当乙酸丁酯为27 g,苯甲醇为9 g,十二烷基苯磺酸钠为1 g,OP-10为1 g,甲酸为2 g,石蜡为6 g时脱漆效率最高。在最佳实验配方及其用量的条件下,1 mL脱漆剂所能擦除漆膜的面积为70.65 cm2。并且脱漆剂中水含量超过50%,其余组成部分均为低毒、挥发性不大的物质,易于生物降解,市售常见,成本低廉,符合绿色化学"高效、洁净、经济、环保"的要求。     

两栖装甲装备防腐蚀涂料自然环境试验研究

论述了两栖装甲装备的作战环境特点,其作战环境主要为东南沿海地区,环境特点为高温、高湿、高日照、高盐雾,整车及零部件极易产生腐蚀,防腐蚀涂料是常用有效的材料表面防腐蚀措施.提出了两栖装甲装备涂层的性能要求,防腐蚀涂料的选用原则与设计方案.根据对某型两栖装甲车辆的跟踪试验,对现行防腐蚀涂料体系在车辆上的应用进行了论述.     

生物填料塔处理餐厅污水的研究

分别以自行开发的组合型填料和焦炭作生物载体构成的生物填料等塔对餐厅污水处理进行了试验研究,试验考察了污水入塔COD值对塔中DO的影响,观察到的结果表明：长期在高入塔COD下运行对生物膜系统的持久、稳定不利;水力停留时间取3h－4h,COD的容积去除负荷为4kg/m^3.d时,出水既可达标,又可保持较高的处理能力;鼓风曝气时,气水比取8－12可使出水达标,而功耗较低;在相同的微生物系统和操作条件下,布水布气性好的组合填料处理效果高于布水气性差的焦炭。     

长兴城市污水处理厂运行现状及存在问题

介绍了长兴城市污水处理厂运行现状,分析了污水处理中存在的问题,提出了要加强企业污水排放的管理,重视污泥处理和处置的方向,利用热电厂锅炉焚烧污泥的新技术以彻底解决填埋场地短缺和污泥二次污染的问题,并建议政府部门加快建立和完善污水排放、污泥处理处置的相关法律法规.     

Processing of antifouling paint particles by Mytilus edulis

Particles of spent antifouling paint collected from a marine boatyard were ground and subsequently administered to the filter-feeding bivalve, Mytilus edulis, maintained in static aquaria. Concentrations of Cu and Zn were measured in seawater throughout a 16 h feeding phase and a 24 h depuration phase, in rejected and egested particles collected during the respective phases, and in the organisms themselves at the end of the experiments. Concentrations and distributions of Cu and Zn in processed particles indicated that M. edulis was able to ingest paint particles, regardless of whether nutritionally viable silt was present, and no mechanism of particle discrimination was evident. Enrichment of Cu and Zn in the visceral mass of individuals and in the aqueous phase during depuration supported these assertions, although elevated concentrations in other compartments of the organism (e.g. shell, gill) suggested that biotic and abiotic uptake of aqueous metal was also important.     

A04-60氨基烘干磁漆抗霉性能研究

目的研究添加和未添加防霉剂的A04-60氨基烘干磁漆的抗霉性能。方法对添加和未添加防霉剂的A04-60氨基烘干磁漆样件进行霉菌试验,并对菌种进行分离、纯化和鉴定。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析涂层老化、变质特征。结果分离并鉴定出侵蚀菌种,获得了霉菌对A04-60氨基烘干磁漆涂层的侵蚀特征。结论添加防霉剂显著提高了A04-60氨基烘干磁漆的抗霉性能,黑曲霉是侵蚀A04-60氨基烘干磁漆涂层的主要菌种,并造成涂层疏松,且侵蚀孔洞结构随霉菌试验时间的增长而变得粗大。     

油漆废渣处理技术综述

探讨了油漆废渣的成分与特性,分析了油漆废渣的危害,对比了油漆废渣的处理方式,综述了油漆废渣循环再生、回收利用、制备功能材料、堆肥等综合利用方法,并就当前油漆废渣处理中存在的问题提出了合理化建议。     

Site environmental assessment to an old paint factory in China

High ethyl-benzene and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) were found in the soil samples and groundwater samples during a site environmental assessment for an old paint factory in the city Changchun, Jilin province of China. The target old paint plant had been in operation for near 30 years by manufacturing resin and house paint. Driving force for this study was to identify potential environmental contamination existing in this paint factory which is located next to a new resident area under construction. The assessment result would be used as baseline environmental data input for remediation plan when the factory site will be changed into potential resident area in near future. The analytical data from the soil samples from different area of the factory which had high exposure to operation showed that solid waster storage area was contaminated with high heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) and waster paint storage areas were contaminated with ethyl-benzene, xylene and C9-C30 aromatic hydrocarbon solvent. The analytical data from the groundwater samples from different area of the factory showed that resin plant area and waster paint storage areas were contaminated with high concentration of naphthalene, ethyl-benzene and xylene which exceed the reference standard. Remediation action is recommended.     

Inputs of antifouling paint-derived dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) to a typical mariculture zone (South China): potential impact on aquafarming environment

Existing evidence indicated that dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)-containing antifouling paints were an important source of DDT residues to mariculture zones. However, the magnitude of the impact on aquafarming environment has remained largely unknown. In the present study, the concentrations of DDT and its metabolites (designated as DDXs) were determined in harbor sediment and antifouling paint samples collected from a typical mariculture zone in South China. Compositional and concentration correlation analyses implicated the DDT-containing antifouling paints for fishing boat maintenance as an important source of DDT in the mariculture zone. The annual emission of DDXs to the study region was estimated at 0.58 tons/yr. Furthermore, a comparison of the expected DDT loadings in pelagic fish and field measurements indicated that fish feed especially trash fish was a major source of DDTs in the fish body. Nevertheless, the use of DDT-containing antifouling paints should be limited to prevent further deterioration in aquafarming environment.