Fractionation of heavy metals and phosphorus in suspended sediments of the Yamuna river,India

The Yamuna river is the largest tributary of the Ganges river system. It originates in the Himalayas and flows through a varied geological terrain encompassing a large basin area. Metals Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu in different chemical fractions of suspended sediments such as exchangeable, carbonates, Fe–Mn oxides, organics and residual fractions were studied. Phosphorus associated with different chemical forms are discussed. The metals are mostly associated with residual fractions in the sediments followed by organics, Fe–Mn oxides, exhangeable and carbonates. Intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture in the basin affects the high inorganic phosphorus content in sediments.     

红壤中结合态磷在酸化条件下的变化及其相互关系

以浙江沿海地区的红壤为研究对象，通过浸滤过程，研究了在酸化条件下，红壤中可溶笥结合态磷的变化和它们之间的相关关系，结果显示，红壤中可溶性Fe-P比Ca－P、Al－P对酸度的变化更为敏感；当红壤中可溶性磷的原始含量较高时，随酸度的增强从固相中释出的趋势更明显；在酸化过程中、红壤中不同可溶性结合态磷之间呈现出不同的相关关系，这归因子它们对酸化敏感性的差异。     

NBIAS中污泥龄对脱氮除磷效果的影响

探讨无回流间歇曝气系统 (简称 NBIAS) ,处理城市污水的污泥龄 ( SRT)对脱氮除磷及有机物去除效果的影响。通过原污水流程试验和人工合成污水静态模拟实验 ,试验结果表明 :在水温为 2 0℃～ 30℃ ,污泥负荷为 0 .2 5～0 .45kg CODcr/ kg MLSS· d,SRT为 1 8～ 2 2 d,HRT为 8～ 1 0 h时 ,利用原污水作为碳源 ,NBIAS在保持较高的 CODcr去除率的同时 ,总氮和总磷的去除率均在 80 %以上。     

黄磷尾气中单质磷的测定

研究了测定黄磷尾气中单质磷的分析方法 ,该方法具有灵敏度高 ,线性好 ,操作快速、简便的特点 ,检测限 1μg 5mL ,摩尔吸光系数为 4 5× 10 4L mol·cm ,线性相关系数为 0 9998     

Optimization of C/N ratio for preparation of protein-rich and multi-enzymes feed thallus through synergic fermentation of mixed distillers'grains

A new procedure of determining optimal C/N (the rate of carbon source to nitrogen source) of mixed distillers' grains for combined bacteria synergic fermentation is established. At the same time an improved method evaluating bacteria growth, called method of dry cell weighing by filtering is developed. For each combination of C and N , their initial and residual contents before and after fermentation respectively are determined. Then followed the calculation of utilization of C and N sources by the compound bacteria. The optimal C/N is finally located from among the utilization of C and N of several combinations and the weight of produced mass of oven-dried thallus The conditions of fermentation are: inoculum size 10%, temperature 30.0℃, rotational speed 170 r/min, shake culture time 48h. The best results obtained from orthogonal experiments are: maximum mass of oven dried thallus is 14.693g in a liter liquid medium, maximum utilization rate of carbon source is 98.13% and maximum utilization rate of nitrogen is 78.14%. Optimal C/N is 5.1.     

Numerical modeling of radionuclide migration in porous media with nonequilibrium sorption

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滇池细菌总数与有机碳、氮、磷的调查研究

通过对滇池水体一年多的定点采样工作,重点调查研究了草海、外海表层水中细菌数量及有机营养盐碳、氮、磷的季节变化规律,分析探讨了细菌总数与环境条件和有机营养盐之间的某些关系.对滇池富营养治理提出了一些建议,并提出利用微生物学的方法参与这一研究.     

模拟在役井注减氧空气对1Cr-L80井筒管材防腐研究

目的在充分调研陆上及渤海周边相似油气田注气开发井筒腐蚀情况的基础上,明确注减氧空气开发井对井筒全寿命周期管材腐蚀速率大小。方法系统性开展注气井不同含氧量条件下的动态腐蚀实验研究,并对生产井动态腐蚀进行评价,深入分析减氧空气对油井管腐蚀行为,分类分层次分析归纳注减氧空气工况管柱腐蚀特性、腐蚀速率影响因素以及管柱腐蚀风险。结果得出在注气井井口、井中、井底工况,不同氧气浓度下,1Cr-L80管材在注气井井口、井中、井底的腐蚀关系曲线。在含氧量为5%(质量分数)的注气井井口、井中、井底,1Cr-L80的腐蚀速度分别为0.345、0.2147、0.1158mm/a;在含氧量为21%的注气井井口、井中、井底,1Cr-L80的腐蚀速率分别为0.7399、1.2854、2.4506 mm/a。结论1Cr-L80材质腐蚀速率均保持在较高水平,老井直接注入空气会存在高腐蚀风险。     

不同水深条件下芦苇湿地对氮磷的去除研究

研究了两种水深条件(2cm浅水位和15cm深水位)下芦苇湿地对模拟太湖水中氮磷的净化能力。结果表明,芦苇的存在明显地促进湿地脱氮除磷能力的发挥。湿地内反硝化过程为主要脱氮途径。芦苇对湿地反硝化过程的促进作用主要是通过提供有机碳源实现的。在相同进水水质和停留时间为24h的运行条件下,浅水位芦苇湿地与深水位芦苇湿地相比对氮磷的去除率更高,但后者对氮磷的去除速度更快。     

骆马湖的氮磷平衡及实施截污工程对水质改善效果的研究

骆马湖“九五”期间的氮磷平衡分析结果表明：氮磷在骆马湖湖体中的滞留量分别为1188.89t/a和193.36t/a。根据骆马湖的水质要求，在骆马湖截污工程完成后，没有新的污染进入水体的前提下，对骆马湖水体通过自然净化恢复到要求状态所需的时间进行了详细的数学推导和科学论证，结果表明，在不考虑底泥营养物质的情况下，只需0.19年左右的时间就能恢复，如果考虑底泥的影响。也只需0.59年左右的时间就能恢复，因此得出结论：对骆马湖实施截污是加速骆马湖水体改善的最佳途径。