反渗透处理糖厂二效汽凝水回用锅炉的研究

糖厂以二效汽凝水取代原水回用锅炉是"节能减排"的重要措施,但含糖量过高的二效汽凝水回用锅炉后,将影响锅炉高效、安全使用。故此采用一级反渗透装置对二效汽凝水进行除糖净化处理。实验结果表明:反渗透系统的脱盐率能够稳定在87.82%左右,出水水质完全达到中压锅炉补充给水水质标准。建议拥有中压锅炉的糖厂采用糖厂锅炉补充给水除糖净化新工艺。     

改性褐铁矿对砷吸附的强化机制和效果研究

为了提高褐铁矿对砷的吸附能力,分别采用球磨和煅烧的方式对褐铁矿进行改性处理.使用氮气吸脱附法、X射线衍射光谱(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等方法对改性材料进行表征,探究其去除水体中As(Ⅴ)的吸附机理及对土壤砷的稳定化效果.结果表明,两种改性方法制备的材料对As(Ⅴ)的吸附过程均符合...     

Graphs of grief and other green feelings: the uses of affect in the study of environmental communication

ABSTRACT

How can theories of affect and felt emotions be useful in studying the communication of environmental crises? Beginning from tears spilt over a graph of transgressed planetary boundaries published in an academic paper, this article explores the presentation in graphic visual forms of affective imagery and a growing sophistication amongst scientists, policymakers and activist communicators in the visualization of information, data and stories employed to carry the often difficult and complex messages of current earth systems crises. Critically, this article attends to the “emotion work” of such images. Taking a lead from cultural sociology and attempting to elucidate the relationship between societies under pressure and its choice of texts, this article considers the environmental documentary Cowspiracy [Anderson, K., & Kuhn, K. (2014). Cowspiracy. San Francisco, CA: AUM Films & First Spark Media.] to ask questions of affect’s relation to expressions of the earth systems crisis, which is also a crisis of culture.     

广州地区典型灰霾过程及不同天气类型下边界层高度研究

利用2013年9月—2014年11月广州地区激光雷达观测结果,使用小波分析反演边界层高度(PBLH),通过归一化后向散射信号(NRB)的小波分解对小波分析中直接影响PBLH识别的尺度因子a进行了选取.并以2014年1月发生的一次灰霾过程为例,对灰霾过程的PBLH等边界层特征进行了分析,并对边界层垂直结构进行了初步探究.同时,利用自组织映射神经网络(SOM)进行了天气分型,对整个观测时段激光雷达反演的PBLH与天气型之间的关系进行了统计.结果表明,通过对NRB廓线的小波分解,小波分析尺度因子a取300较为合适.灰霾过程中PBLH均存在日变化.从平均结果来看,PBLH最高值出现在13:00,为850 m;最低值出现在5:00,为483 m.灰霾过程PBLH与PM_(2.5)之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.62,p0.01),风速与PM_(2.5)之间也呈显著负相关(r=-0.39,p0.01).对流边界层平均高度约为稳定边界层的1.5倍,峰值高度约为稳定边界层的3倍.低压天气系统控制下灰霾天气出现的概率较低,对应的PBLH明显较高,峰值高度在1200～1600 m,日间边界层发展极为明显.而高压天气系统控制下边界层发展容易受到抑制,峰值高度均低于1000 m.     

水洗-球磨法降解飞灰中二英的研究

从珠三角地区2家典型垃圾焚烧厂采集飞灰,通过分析飞灰中金属及二英异构体的组成和分布特性,提出了水洗球磨法处理飞灰的新工艺.结果表明,飞灰中细颗粒物所占的比重大,80%以上的颗粒集中在2~100 μm粒径之间,二英主要集中的粒径范围是30~53 μm.飞灰中的二英包括多氯二苯并呋喃类（PCDFs）和多氯二苯并对二英类（PCDDs）两大类,二英的17种主要异构体中含量最大的是OCDD,毒性当量浓度最大的物质为2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF.水洗后钾盐钠盐大量溶出,而二英是水难溶性物质,水洗后98%以上仍在固相中.使用球磨法降解飞灰水洗渣中的二英可以实现较好的降解率,特别是当使用双金属球磨法时,降解率可以达到93.20%.球磨过程中PCDDs类物质优先降解,且PCDFs类物质可能会转化成PCDDs类物质.当球磨反应进行到20 h时,球磨时间过长造成了二英的二次生成.     

建立开放系统,发展西北半干旱地区农业

我国西北半干旱地区是我国农业中最不发达地区之一,其主要特征是封闭或半封闭式的有机农业传统,低投入、低功能、低产出。本文讨论了有争议的几种模式,提出了建立开放系统的原则与具体生产建议。     

Dibenzo-p-dioxins in the environment from ceramics and pottery produced from ball clay mined in the United States

Processed ball clay samples used in the production of ceramics and samples of the ceramic products were collected and analyzed for the presence and concentration of the 2,3,7,8-Cl substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs/PCDFs). The processed ball clay had average PCDD concentrations of 3.2 ng/g toxic equivalents, a congener profile, and isomer distribution consistent with those found previously in raw ball clay. The PCDF concentrations were below the average limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 pg/g. The final fired ceramic products were found to be free of PCDDs/PCDFs at the LODs. A consideration of the conditions involved in the firing process suggests that the PCDDs, if not destroyed, may be released to the atmosphere and could represent an as yet unidentified source of dioxins to the environment. In addition, the PCDDs in clay dust generated during manufacturing operations may represent a potential occupational exposure.     

Dibenzo-p-dioxins in the environment from ceramics and pottery produced from ball clay mined in the United States

Processed ball clay samples used in the production of ceramics and samples of the ceramic products were collected and analyzed for the presence and concentration of the 2,3,7,8-Cl substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs/PCDFs). The processed ball clay had average PCDD concentrations of 3.2 ng/g toxic equivalents, a congener profile, and isomer distribution consistent with those found previously in raw ball clay. The PCDF concentrations were below the average limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 pg/g. The final fired ceramic products were found to be free of PCDDs/PCDFs at the LODs. A consideration of the conditions involved in the firing process suggests that the PCDDs, if not destroyed, may be released to the atmosphere and could represent an as yet unidentified source of dioxins to the environment. In addition, the PCDDs in clay dust generated during manufacturing operations may represent a potential occupational exposure.     

球磨－煅烧法制备Fe3O4-CuxO及其活化Oxone降解盐酸左氧氟沙星

采用机械球磨-煅烧方法成功制备Fe₃O₄-Cu_xO复合材料,利用SEM、XRD与多功能磁学测量系统等手段对复合材料进行表征,并对其催化Oxone降解水体中盐酸左氧氟沙星的性能进行评估.考察了煅烧温度、球磨时Fe与CuO的质量比对该复合材料的催化性能影响.复合材料降解盐酸左氧氟沙星（LVF）实验探究了材料投加量、Oxone浓度、pH值等因素的影响.结果表明：当煅烧温度为300℃,Fe与CuO的质量比为1：1时材料催化性能最佳;重复性实验结果表明该催化剂具备较好的稳定性.当LVF的初始浓度为10mg/L时,最优降解条件为：催化剂投加量为1.4g/L、Oxone浓度为0.6mmol/L,pH值为11,反应60min后,LVF的降解率达到99.5%.淬灭实验及ESR分析证实LVF的降解是由SO₄^-·与·OH共同作用的结果.     

安全应急自救产品研发

介绍了一种新型自散热型缓降器。该新型自散热型缓降器是一种往复式高楼避难自救逃生器械,缓降器采用行星齿轮传动,工作时通过缓降绳索带动主机内的行星轮减速机构运转与摩擦轮毂内的摩擦块产生摩擦作用,保证使用者依靠自重始终保持一定速度平衡、安全缓降至地面,无需其他辅助动力,同时具备自散热功能,是高楼安全逃生产品之一。