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991.
Lidia Zapór Jolanta Skowroń Małgorzata Gołofit-Szymczak 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):121-129
The cytotoxic effects of volatile and water-insoluble organic solvents (ethylbenzene, tetrachloroethylene, n-hexane) were tested on isolated hepatocytes in monolayer culture by using the 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. All of the tested compounds inhibited metabolic activity of hepatocytes and this effect depended on the concentration of solvents in the incubatory medium. The presence of fetal calf serum in the medium did not change the cytotoxicity of xenobiotics. IC50 values calculated on the basis of the MTT assay indicated that ethylbenzene was more cytotoxic than tetrachloroethylene and n-hexane. Using hepatocyte monolayer culture and the MTT assay to assess cytotoxicity of organic solvents causes many technical problems. It seems that it cannot be used as a rapid, cheap, and credible method. 相似文献
992.
AI Haixin ZHOU Jiti LV Hong WANG Jing GUO Jianbo LIU Guangfei QU Yuanyuan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(7):865-870
A novel strain of Streptomyces sp.DUT_AHX was isolated from sludge contaminated with nitrobenzene and identified on the basis of physiological and biochemical tests and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence analysis.The optimal degradation conditions were as follows:temperature 30℃,pH 7.0-8.0,shaking speed 150-180 r/min,and inocula 10%(V/V).The strain,which possessed a partial reductive pathway with the release of ammonia,was also able to grow on mineral salts basal (MSB) medium plates with 2-aminophenol, ph... 相似文献
993.
994.
对贵州省主要城市(贵阳、安顺、遵义、都匀)按季节进行PM2.5样品的采集,应用质粒DNA评价法研究了贵州省主要城市PM2.5氧化性损伤能力,并与PM2.5质量浓度、微量元素含量做相关性分析。结果表明,PM2.5全样TD20值均小于其相应的水溶样TD20值;四个城市PM2.5氧化性损伤能力均表现为冬季>秋季>春、夏季;城区PM2.5氧化性损伤能力强于背景区;研究区内PM2.5样品的氧化性损伤能力表现为都匀市最强,安顺市最弱;PM2.5全样和水溶样的TD20值与质量浓度之间无明显相关关系;PM2.5水溶样的TD20值与相应的12种微量元素的浓度总和呈负相关关系(P<0.05);全样Al、Mn、Cd、Pb的含量与PM2.5全样TD20值呈明显负相关关系,水溶样Cd、Pb、Cu的含量与PM2.5水溶样TD20值呈明显负相关关系,表明研究区PM2.5氧化性损伤可能与样品中水溶性元素Cd、Pb、Cu等的含量有关。 相似文献
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996.
997.
低浓度溴氰菊酯连续暴露对罗非鱼DNA的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
运用RAPD技术和外周血嗜多染红细胞微核试验来分析和评价低浓度溴氰菊酯连续暴露对罗非鱼DNA的影响.RAPD试验结果表明,在12个能扩增出罗非鱼基因组DNA的引物中,引物S326能检测出3 μg/L以上浓度溴氰菊酯暴露前后罗非鱼基因组DNA的差异,而小于2.0 μg/L的低浓度溴氰菊酯对罗非鱼基因组DNA没有影响.外周血嗜多染红细胞微核试验结果表明,在一定浓度的溴氰菊酯连续暴露后,2.0 μg/L以下浓度组罗非鱼外周血红细胞微核率与对照组相比没有显著差异(P>0.05),而3 μg/L以上浓度组可诱导罗非鱼外周血红细胞产生微核.微核率与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05),且表现出明显的剂量-效应和时间-效应关系.研究表明,溴氰菊酯在一定条件下可对鱼类DNA产生影响. 相似文献
998.
999.
可吸入颗粒物生物活性及其微观特征分析 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
采用质粒DNA评价法研究了2004年春季北京市区和郊区上甸子(本底区)PM10的生物活性.结果表明,郊区上甸子2个PM10的TD20值(引起20%质粒DNA损伤所需要的颗粒物剂量)分别为53μg·mL-1和<50μg·mL-1,市区2个PM10的TD20值分别为125μg·mL-1和100μg·mL-1,说明郊区PM10的生物活性明显高于市区.同时利用高分辨率场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和图像分析技术,从PM10微观特征上进行了生物活性差异的原因分析,认为其原因有:①上甸子PM10中以细颗粒物为主,在0~0.7μm粒度范围内的细颗粒物的数量百分含量明显高于市区PM10,而表面积则在0~1.0μm的范围内高于市区;②市区PM10中以粒度较大的矿物颗粒物为主,而上甸子PM10则以生物活性较大的烟尘为主,数量百分含量高达58.8%.因此PM10质量浓度并非评价可吸入颗粒物健康效应的唯一指标,颗粒物的粒度分布和类型可能在其生物活性中起重要作用. 相似文献
1000.
Genotoxicity evaluation and a primary risk assessment of organic pollutants in the drinking water sources of Nanjing, China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
An increasing number of industrial, agricultural, and commercial chemicals in the aquatic environment leads to various deleterious effects on organisms, which is becoming an increasingly serious problem in China. In this study, the comet assay was conducted to investigate the genotoxicity to human body caused by organic concentrates in the drinking water sources of Nanjing City from Yangtze River of China, and health and ecology risk due to expose to these organic pollutants were evaluated with the multimedia environmental assessment system (MEAS). For all the water samples, they were collected from four different locations in the drinking water sourcr samples, es of Nanjing City. The results of the comet assay showed that all the organic concentrates from the water samples could induce different levels DNA damages on human peripheral blood lymphocytes, and a statistically significant difference (p〈0.01) was observed compared with the solvent control, which demonstrated the genotoxicity was in existence. According to the ambient severity (AS) of individual compound, we had sorted out the main organic pollutants in the drinking water source of the four waterworks, and the results showed that there was some potential hazard to human body for all the source water, namely the total ambient severity (TAS) of health for each water source was more than 1. However, the TAS of ecology for each water source was less than 1, which indicated that it was safe to ecology. The results of this investigation demonstrate the application of the comet assay and the MEAS in aquatic environmental monitoring studies, and the comet assay found to be fast, sensitive, and suitable for genotoxicity monitoring programs of drinking water source. 相似文献