春季角毛藻对N/P值响应的FRD判别

首次运用FRD判别法,探讨了角毛藻(Chaetocerossp.)生长对N/P值的响应过程。通过大亚湾春季现场观测的角毛藻细胞数量与DIN/PO4比值关系分析,构建关系曲线的完全样本进行泛函回归分割(FRD)判别。FRD判别表明,角毛藻是以3种不同的生长状况响应N/P值变化,即在N/P<15.79(±1.41)时,角毛藻数量随N/P值增大处于缓慢生长状况;在N/P=15.79(±1.41)～59.90(±4.28)之间时,角毛藻数量则随N/P值增大而迅速增长;而当N/P>59.90(±4 28)时,角毛藻数量达到最大生长值,并处于上下涨落状态。     

假单胞菌磷代谢特性的研究

本文考察了处理效果良好的循序间歇式废水生物脱氮除磷试验装置内活性污泥优势菌——假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)的磷代谢特性。试验结果表明,在好氧条件下,以乙酸盐为基质培养时,向培养基内滴加H_2SO_4可导致假单胞菌产生磷释放现象,滴加NaOH或NaHCO_3时,则发生过量摄磷现象,且加NaOH较加NaHCO_3所引起的磷摄取量大。另外,当以乙酸盐为基质时,假单胞菌于好氧培养过程中能明显除磷,其效果与厌氧-好氧培养过程相近。     

Endocrine disrupting effects on Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) fed with field collected Limnodrilus sp

The potential endocrine disrupting effects and other toxicity effects on aquatic biota resulted from food uptake was simulated by feeding the laboratory cultured rare minnow ( Gobiocypns rams) with field collected Limnodnlus sp. The results indicated that the food chain processes affected significantly the growth, slightly reduced gonadosomatic indices, and elevated hepatosomatic indices. There was an obvious vitellogenin(VTG) induction, which generally only occurred in mature female, in the serum of juvenile rare minnow and mature male when fed with Limnodrilus sp. In addition, the rare minnow feeding on Limnodnlus sp. had significantly high renal indices, it meant obvious renal hyperplasia. The present work suggested that Limnodnlus sp. from field water may contain toxic pollutants and could lead to endocrine disruption effects to the predators. It was concluded that endocrine disruptors may not only be assimilated through water, but also be bioconcentrated through food web. The results also suggested the importance of food selection in conducting the study of endocrine disruption effects using sensitive species.     

固定化青霉X5对孔雀石绿的脱色研究

采用植物载体玉米芯对青霉X5进行固定化.利用正交实验,确定了固定化最优操作条件为:菌量0.4 g/L,载体大小为1/2×π×12×1 cm3,载体个数为10,摇床转速为100 r/min.同时考察了各种因素如温度、pH、碳源浓度和盐浓度等对染料脱色的影响,结果表明,在温度为30℃、pH 4.0、碳源浓度为10 g/L条件下,以100 r/min的摇速培养,脱色效果最佳,脱色率达96.1%.重复脱色实验表明,固定化青霉X5经过4次重复利用后,固定化细胞的结构仍良好,脱色率仍在90%以上.脱色平衡时间为360 min.     

生物脱硫技术用于清洁燃料生产的初步研究

从高硫油田筛选的红球菌Rhodococcus sp.FS-2可以通过专一性断裂C-S键的"4S"途径将二苯并噻吩(DBT)转化成2-羟基联苯,从而降低油品中的硫含量.利用该菌株对DBT和汽油、柴油的脱硫研究结果表明,FS-2菌株对DBT及柴油中的有机硫有良好的选择性脱除作用,而且脱硫前后的烃类组分基本没有改变.说明该菌的脱硫过程不会破坏燃料油的有效成分,可以用于燃料油的深度脱硫.     

β-CD和CMCD对2-硝基联苯微生物降解的影响研究

对β-环糊精(β-CD)和羧甲基-β-环糊精(CMCD)对一株不动杆菌属菌株降解2-硝基联苯的影响进行研究。结果表明β-CD和CMCD均能增加2-硝基联苯的表观溶解度和促进其微生物降解,CMCD的促进作用比β-CD更明显;环糊精对2-硝基联苯降解的促进作用大小与增溶作用的强弱表现出相同的趋势。