输油站场静电危害分析及防范措施

从原油储运中的静电现象入手,就原油的流动状态、电导率、含水率等几个方面分析油站场静电产生原因及危害,通过控制原油流速、防止油与水/空气混合、输油设备、设施接地或跨接等措施,降低静电的危害,确保输油站场安全生产.     

污水泵站的恶臭评价与治理对策

以天津市某污水泵站为例,运用国家环保部推荐模式SCREEN3模式计算污水泵站恶臭对周围环境的影响及治理对策,得出以下结论:1)类比天津纪庄子污水处理厂、高碑店污水处理厂等污水处理厂的类比调查,根据规模不同进行相应的比例折算出单位面积恶臭污染物产生的源强,然后根据污水泵站的面积计算恶臭源强;2)使用国家环保部推荐模式SCREEN3模式计算无组织排放厂界达标、最大落地浓度和卫生防护距离等;3)经过综合比较,目前泵站除臭采用较多的是等离子体法和生物除臭法。     

HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE TO PUMPING AND CONTAMINANT ADVECTION IN A FRACTURED ROCK ENVIRONMENT1

ABSTRACT: Ground water flow and supply at the Whiteshell Research Area (WRA) in southeastern Manitoba and the advective movement of contaminants from a hypothetical nuclear fuel waste disposal vault to the adjacent biosphere and a nearby ground water supply well are simulated using finite-element modeling and numerical particle-tracking technique. The hypothetical vault is located at a depth of 500 m, below the water table, in low-permeability plutonic rock of the Canadian Shield. The rock mass is intersected by high-permeability fracture zones (aquifers), which also act as conduits for vault contaminants to migrate to the ground surface. The ground water resource is, therefore, limited in quantity and quality and should be explored with care. A 30 m deep well, which pumps water at a rate of 120 m³/yr from a low-dipping fracture zone, LD1, reduces natural discharge from the system to augment natural recharge. At this pumping rate, a 100 m or 200 m deep well neither reduces discharge nor induces recharge into the system. Thus, at the WRA, a 30 m deep domestic water supply well best meets the water requirements of a one-person household at the rate of 120 m³/yr. The 100 m and 200 m wells best meet the requirements of a family of six and a family of six with light irrigation, respectively, without capturing contaminants’pathways from the vault to the ground surface. By virtue of the proximity of the 200 m well intake to the hypothetical vault, this well performs best as a purge well at pumping rates of 0,000 m³/yr and greater. Finite-element modeling is useful in evaluating the water supply potential of a fractured rock environment in which a nuclear waste disposal vault is proposed to be sited.     

噪声治理技术实例研究

文章从噪声源入手,分析泵房和压缩机房内的噪声对工作人员和居民不同程度的影响和危害,按照噪声控制的原理,采取吸声、隔声、消声相结合的降噪措施。治理后,泵房、压缩机房内噪声值低于85 dB(A),压缩机房厂界噪声值低于60 dB(A),居民楼外1 m处的噪声值低于45 dB(A),有效减少噪声对作业场所和周边环境的污染。     

粉碎型格栅除污机在污水泵站中的应用

介绍了大流量粉碎型格栅除污机的工作原理和性能特点.它在污水泵站中的应用,使泵房布置形式更灵活,解决了泵房沉井施工的问题.提出了采用粉碎型格栅除污机的泵站运行管理与设计中应注意的一些问题和建议.     

VARIABLE DISCHARGE TYPE CURVE SOLUTIONS FOR CONFINED AQUIFERS1

ABSTRACT: Almost all of the existing solutions of aquifer test analysis assume constant discharge rate boundary conditions. In many actual pumping tests, constant discharge cannot be maintained. This paper presents a general solution for an aquifer test with variable discharge. The exact solution of drawdown distribution around an infinitesimally small diameter well in a uniform, horizontal, extensive, homogeneous, and isotropic confined aquifer is presented when the discharge changes with time during the aquifer test period. A general equation for the type curves resulting from any discharge variability is given, and its application for the exponential changes is presented in detail. A simple straight line procedure is proposed for field applications by considering late time drawdown data. The consideration of constant discharge leads to overestimation of transmissivity but storativity is underestimated. Practical application of the discharge variability is illustrated by a field example.     

贵州水城盆地的抽水塌陷研究

塌陷是岩溶地区的一种主要地质灾害,其成因多种多样,但过量抽取地下水是形成塌陷的主要原因．本文以水城盆地抽水塌陷为例．论述了抽水塌陷发育的分布特征,探讨了抽水塌陷的形成条件和形成机理,并简要地提出了防治对策．     

MAGNETIC TRIGGER FOR AUTOMATIC PUMPING SAMPLERS1

ABSTRACT: A stage-activated triggering device was developed for automatic pumping samplers. The device consists of a proximity switch and ten magnets mounted radially at equal intervals on a plexiglass disk. The triggering device allows discrete sampling of stream water at 3.0 cm intervals of stage. The trigger proved dependable during two years of use at three headwater streams in the Ouachita Mountains of southeastern Oklahoma.     

生活垃圾填埋气体产量的现场测试及IPCC推荐模型的校验

为了获得深圳市玉龙坑垃圾填埋场封场后填埋气体的实际产量,采用改进的现场抽气方法分别测定了填埋场内4口抽气井抽气影响区域内填埋气体的产量,计算获得其产甲烷速率分别为14.67×10-5、9.46×10-5、9.55×10-5和4.28×10-5m3/(t.h).据此计算出2005年玉龙坑垃圾填埋场的甲烷产率为322 m3/h,表明该填埋场填埋气体在经济性上已经失去了回收利用价值.采用此实测数据对IPCC推荐模型进行校验,发现垃圾降解的半衰期是影响IPCC推荐模型预测准确性的关键参数.我国城市生活垃圾中可降解有机物以厨余垃圾为主,分解周期较短,垃圾降解的半衰期短于IPCC模型的推荐取值范围.为了准确预测填埋气体的产量,需要在充分调查我国生活垃圾特性的基础上,确定模型参数的合理取值,提高IPCC推荐模型在我国的适用性.