以吡啶、喹啉和吲哚为单一碳源时反硝化过程中亚硝酸盐积累及动力学研究

以吡啶、喹啉和吲哚为单一碳源,通过摇床实验进行反硝化过程动力学研究。实验结果表明,以吡啶和喹啉为单一碳源的反硝化过程中,NO-2-N的积累率分别达到了53.4%和16.4%;以吲哚为单一碳源的反硝化过程中,NO-2-N的积累现象不明显,最高不超过4%。以NO-3-N+0.6 NO-2-N作为反硝化电子受体,采用基于Monod方程的动态模型进行拟合,拟合曲线与实验测定值相关性良好。其次,采用基于Monod方程的微分方程组模型,也能够很好地拟合3种碳源条件下反硝化过程硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐质量浓度的变化,得到相应的动力学参数。     

水中吡啶测定的测量不确定度评定研究

测量不确定度能够充分反映检测实验室测量结果的准确性、可靠性以及监测人员的技术水平。本文以巴比妥酸分光光度法测定水中吡啶为实例,确立了吡啶测定不确定度数学模型,从而进行吡啶测定不确定度来源的分析及计算,分析了水中吡啶测定不确定度的主要影响因素是拟合吡啶标准曲线和样品重复性测定。同时通过对模拟水样进行测定,得到吡啶测得值为0.160 mg/L,其扩展不确定度为0.011 mg/L。     

吡啶环改性石墨相氮化碳光催化还原Cr(VI)的研究

以三聚氰胺和吡啶二羧酸为原料,通过水热合成有机大分子前驱体,设计了吡啶环改性的石墨相氮化碳(x% Py-CN).利用TEM、XRD、XPS、FT-IR、EIS等手段对所得x% Py-CN催化剂进行表征分析.以水中Cr (VI)为目标污染物,考察了x% Py-CN催化剂的光催化还原性能.结果表明,在模拟太阳光照射下,10% Py-CN具有最佳的光催化性能,光照3h对15mg/L Cr (VI)光催化还原率达85%.x% Py-CN催化剂光催化活性提升的原因在于,吡啶环的修饰有效提高了光生电子空穴对的分离效率.此外,重复循环实验表明该催化剂具有良好的稳定性和循环利用能力,具有良好的应用前景.     

空气和废气中吡啶检测分析方法研究

研究了用5％乙醇-水溶液作为吸收液,直接进样1μ1,气相色谱仪分析,氢火焰检测器检测分析空气和废气中吡啶,检出限：0．01mg／L;吸收效率：98％;标准偏差：8％;曲线相关性：r=0．9993。均符合该物质便捷、准确、快速的检测要求。     

M‐(p‐Nitrobenzyl) pyridine as a spray reagent for the thin‐layer chromatographic detection of dimethyl tetrachloroterphthalate herbicide

Abstract

The developed thin‐layer chromatogram of DCPA (Dacthal) is sprayed with 4‐(p‐nitrobenzyl)pyridine chromogenic reagent followed by ammonium carbonate solution. The chromatogram is then heated in an oven at 130°C for 20 minutes. When cool, the chromatogram is sprayed with tetraethylenepentamine reagent. DCPA spots appear blue against a white background. The sensitivity of this test is about 1 μg. The procedure is useful to detect DCPA in water and in soil.     

顶空气相色谱／质谱法测定糠醛废水中的糠醛含量

采用顶空气相色谱质谱法,利用PEG20M柱测定糠醛废水中的糠醛含量。方法相对标准偏差RSD〈3．7％,相关性r〉0．9999,基体样品回收率为96．5％-102％,检出限0．001mg／L。     

Synergistic photocatalytic degradation of pyridine using precious metal supported TiO2 with KBrO3

A series of precious metals catalysts （M/TiO/, M = Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt or Au） were prepared by a light deposition method and the synergistic photocatalytic degradations of pyridine （20 mg/L） under UV irradiation （365 nm） using M/TiO2 with electron capture agent KBrO3 have been investigated. The results show that KBrO3 has a greatly synergistic role on M/TiO2 and the photocatalytic activity of M/TiO2 is closely related to its work function. Ag could greatly enhance the activity of TiO2 due to the binding characteristics of pyridine on Ag. Under the conditions of 0.5 wt.% Ag loading, Ag/TiO2 concentration of 0.1 g/L, KlrO3 concentration of 10 mmol/L and reaction liquid pH value at 9, the pyridine can be degraded by 64% within 3 hr, doubled than TiO2 photocatalytic system. The degradation kinetics of pyridine follows first-order kinetics and k = 5.53 × 10-3 min^-1.     

Bioaugmentation with a pyridine-degrading bacterium in a membrane bioreactor treating pharmaceutical wastewater

The bacterial strain Paracoccus denitrificans W12, which could utilize pyridine as its sole source of carbon and nitrogen, was added into a membrane bioreactor （MBR） to enhance the treatment of a pharmaceutical wastewater. The treatment efliciencies investigated showed that the removal of chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were similar between bioaugmented and non-bioaugmented MBRs, however, significant removal of pyridine was obtained in the bioaugmented reactor. When the hydraulic retention time was 60 hr and the influent concentration of pyridine was 250-500 mg/L, the mean effluent concentration of pyridine without adding W12 was 57.2 mg/L, while the pyridine was degraded to an average of 10.2 mg/L with addition of W12. The bacterial community structure of activated sludge during the bioaugmented treatment was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE）. The results showed that the W12 inoculum reversed the decline of microbial community diversity, however, the similarity between bacterial community structure of the original sludge and that of the sludge after bioaugmentation decreased steadily during the wastewater treatment. Sequencing of the DNA recovered from DGGE gel indicated that sp., Sphingobium sp., Comamonas sp., and Hyphomicrobium sp. were the dominant organisms in time sequence in the bacterial community in the bioaugmented MBR. This implied that the bioaugmentation was affected by the adjustment of whole bacterial community structure in the inhospitable environment, rather than being due solely to the degradation performance of the bacterium added.     

硅胶负载TiO2光催化降解吡啶

以硅胶为载体，钛酸四丁酯为原料，用溶胶-凝胶法制备负载型TiO2，在UV-TiO2体系中对吡啶(PD)进行光催化降解，并研究了降解体系的紫外吸收光谱和pH值对光催化降解体系的影响。结果表明：负载型TiO2光催化剂加入量为60mg／40ml，吡啶的光催化降解反应符合一级动力学方程；吡啶中氮转化成氨氮。碱性条件下的降解率高于酸性条件下的降解率；TiO2负载后利用率提高了6倍左右。     

吡啶改性膨润土对直接耐晒翠蓝染料废水脱色性能研究

为了解决日益严重的水污染问题，用吡啶作改性剂，对膨润土进行有机改性，制得一种新型水处理剂，用于直接耐晒翠蓝染料废水的处理。研究了处理废水的最佳工艺条件。结果表明，投土量为10g／L，pH=3．5，搅拌速度为175r／min，搅拌时间25rain，离心时间为2min，吡啶改性土对直接耐晒翠蓝染料废水的脱色率可达80％。改性土对直接耐晒翠蓝的吸附过程可用准二级速率方程较好地描述。