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831.
隧道纵向通风对火灾规模和火灾蔓延的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
隧道纵向通风一方面会给火源提供大量氧气,扩大火灾规模,增加火灾蔓延的可能性;另一方面又可以带走大量热量,减小火灾蔓延的可能性。目前,这两方面影响的相对重要性还没有被很好地研究。本文对纵向通风对隧道火灾蔓延的影响进行了研究,首先分析了纵向通风对隧道火灾规模的影响,然后利用火灾动力学模拟程序FDS,对不同通风速率及相应火灾规模条件下隧道内车辆间的火灾蔓延进行了数值模拟,得出了不同通风速率条件下火灾蔓延的规律,并提出了控制隧道火灾蔓延的措施。结果表明,增加通风速率能较大地增加货车火灾的热释放速率,当通风速率小于2 m/s时,火灾蔓延的距离随通风速率的增加而增大,当通风速率大于2 m/s时,火灾蔓延的距离受通风速率的影响很小;对于客车火灾,通风对火灾的热释放速率影响较小,并且火灾蔓延的距离随通风速率的增大而减小。 相似文献
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Accidental subsea gas releases can pose a threat to people, equipment, and facilities since gas can be toxic or flammable at the concentrations in which the leak occurs. The accurate prediction of the behavior of the gas plume formed in the leaks can be fundamental to the development of techniques of accident prevention or, in some cases, remediation measures, avoiding the emergence of more serious consequences. Among the different ways to analyze the behavior of gas plumes formed underwater, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool stands out for allowing the study of plume behavior to be done in a safer, simpler, and less expensive way, if compared to experimental studies. Inspired by the accidental release of the subsea gas scenario, this work validated a CFD setup of a 2D two-phase air–water flow using the VOF method in Ansys Fluent. The use of the VOF method differs this work from other works that use a hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian methodology to model such types of flow. In this validation, simulations with a 9 m base tank, and 7 m water depth, and 0.050, 0.100, and 0.450 m/s gas flow were performed. The simulated data were compared to experimental results available in literature. After the validation of the setup, a study was carried out varying the size of the leak to 0.24 and 0.17 m, and the gas flow from 0.006 to 0.150 m/s aiming to verify how some plume characteristics are affected by the changes. Finally, following the directions from literature for analyzing the ascending gas behavior, and combining it with a dimensional analysis of the data, we proposed a mathematical model for calculating the gas ascending time using only properties of the gas leak. With future modifications of the proposed methodology, we hope that soon it will be possible to simulate gas releases under more realistic conditions. Even so, the findings of this work are already a significant step forward in the study of underwater gas releases. 相似文献
834.
Initial carbon release characteristics, mechanisms and denitrification performance of a novel slow release carbon source 下载免费PDF全文
Congyu Li Haiyan Wang Guokai Yan Weiyang Dong Zhaosheng Chu Huan Wang Yang Chang Yu Ling Yanjie Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(8):32-45
External carbon source addition is one of the effective methods for the treatment of wastewater with low carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N). Compared with fast-release liquid carbon sources, slow-release solid carbon sources are more suitable for the denitrification process. A novel slow-release solid carbon source (corncob-polyvinyl alcohol sodium alginate- poly-caprolactone, i.e. CPSP) was prepared using corn cob (CC) and poly-caprolactone with polyvinyl alcohol sodium alginate as hybrid scaffold. The physical properties and carbon release characteristics of CPSP and three other carbon sources were compared. CPSP had stable framework and good carbon release performance, which followed the second order release equation. The formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid released from CPSP accounted for 8.27% ± 1.66 %, 56.48% ± 3.71 %, 18.46% ± 2.69% and 16.79% ± 3.02% of the total released acids respectively. The start-up period of CPSP was shorter than that of the other carbon sources in denitrification experiment, and no COD pollution was observed in the start-up phase (25–72 h) and stable phase (73–240 hr). The composition and structure of the dissolved organic compounds released by CPSP and other carbon sources were analyzed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, which indicated that CPSP was more suitable for denitrification than the other studied carbon sources. 相似文献