我国肉联屠宰废水生物处理工艺与效果

本文总结了我国近10年来生物法处理肉联屠宰废水的主要工艺与运行效果。实践证明,生物法以工艺成熟,处理效果好,运行费用低而得到广泛的应用。厌氧(兼性)——好氧联合工艺在生产上的应用证明,它又具有省能和剩余污泥量少等优点,为生物法处理屠宰废水开辟了更加广阔的前景。     

环境模拟技术在冻土及冻融研究中的应用

本文就冻土、冻融产生的机理，不同冻土区域工程施工的特点以及环境模拟技术在冻土及冻融研究中的应用做了一定的阐述。     

Prediction of the Transport and Dispersal of Oil in the South Caspian Sea Resulting from Blowouts

A 3-D hybrid flow/transport model is developed to predict the dispersal of oil pollution in coastal waters. The transport module of the model takes predetermined current and turbulent diffusivities and uses Lagrangian tracking to predict the motion of individual particles (droplets), the sum of which constitutes a hypothetical oil spill. Currents and turbulent diffusivities used in the model are generated by a numerical ocean circulation model (POM) implemented for the Caspian Sea. The basic processes affecting the fate of the oil spill are taken into account and parameterised in the transport model. The process of evaporation is modeled with the pseudo-component approach. The model is implemented for a simulated continuous release in the coastal waters of the south part of the Caspian Sea. Numerical experiments simulate 5- and 10-day blowout scenarios resulting from sources situated in areas were intensive and extensive development of oil deposits is expected soon. Oil slick movement and risk of coastline contamination by beaching of offshore oil spills are illustrated for different wind conditions.     

我国城市垃圾焚烧处理技术经济分析

本文阐述了国外垃圾焚烧处理的技术现状，并就经济和技术方面的问题，针对我国不同规模及经济条件的城市采用焚烧方式处理垃圾时所遇到的问题进行了分析，对不同规范及经济条件的城市分别提出了采用焚烧方法处理垃圾应当采用的不同对策。     

Optimising herbicide dose: a straightforward approach to reduce the risk of side effects of herbicides

Public concern of possible effects of pesticides on human health and the environment has lead to an increased pressure on farmers to optimise their use of pesticides. Reducing pesticide doses below the recommended doses whenever possible is a straightforward approach to reduce the risk of adverse side effects. To adopt this approach decision-making has to be improved. The parameters to consider optimising herbicide doses are: weed flora and growth stage, crop competitiveness, climatic conditions, application technique, formulation/adjuvant and combination with other pesticides. In Denmark this information is provided to farmers through the decision support system ‹Plant Protection Online’. Based on input on weed species and densities, climatic conditions, soil type, crop cultivar and expected yield ‹Plant Protection Online’ will provide farmers with optimum herbicide solution usually with doses lower than standard recommended doses.     

下山桩过渡栽培技术的研究

为了保证下山桩能够成活、提高其成活率并形成树桩的骨架,从素材选择、采掘、过渡栽培3方面研究了新掘树桩的过渡栽培技术。     

磁化水灭尘的研究

阐述了磁化水灭尘的机理,分析了实验结果,确定了工业实施的技术途径,为工业防尘增添了新的技术措施.     

北欧地区大气无动力监测技术在亚热带高原的应用研究

无动力监测技术是一种成本低、效益高、灵敏而准确的空气气态污染物平均浓度监测采样方法,其连续时间覆盖可从几个小时到一个月.以月为采样周期时检测范围SO2为0.1～200μg/m3,NO2为0.1～400μg/m3,高灵敏度的检测下限可以满足低浓度背景区域内空气气态污染物的检出.其主要优点是采样器体积小、重量轻、无噪音、可重复利用、不用电、不需要技术人员、费用极低.采样器能在采样前后的常温条件下稳定几个月,因此能用于边远地区的环境监测.在检查模型计算和验证研究、健康影响评估、交通规划和绘制不同空气污染物在城市区域的高空间分辨率浓度分布图时,无动力采样器是最有价值的污染物高空间分辨率测定方法.文章所报道的是无动力采样技术的实际运用研究,是中瑞国际合作某项目的一部分,由瑞典环境科学研究院(IVL)与云南省环境监测中心站(YEMCS)共同完成.     

厌氧菌/好氧菌生物脱氮技术处理高浓度化工废水

针对己内酰胺生产废水成分复杂、毒性大、难以处理的特点,应用先进的厌氧菌/好氧菌(A/O)生物脱氮技术对己内酰胺生产废水进行处理.实际运行结果表明,A/O生物脱氮技术处理己内酰胺废水具有良好的效果,各项出水水质均达到国家Ⅲ类水域一级排放标准.