TMA改性粘土矿物对模拟地下水中苯系物的吸附

用短链季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂四甲基铵离子（ＴＭＡ）改性膨润土和凹凸棒土,研究它们对模拟地下水中苯系物的吸附作用。二种ＴＭＡ改性粘土矿物均可以有效地吸附模拟地下水中的苯系物,吸附机理较复杂,主要以表面吸附为主。     

多氯联苯污染沉积物质量评价研究进展

介绍了多氯联苯污染沉积物质量评价的研究进展 ,其中 ,简单介绍了多氯联苯的有关概况及环境行为、沉积物质量评价方法及基准研究进展 ;最后 ,重点介绍了包括多氯联苯在内的憎水性有机物污染沉积物质量评价的研究现状及存在问题。     

泥沙对双酚A的吸附及其影响因素研究

以黄河泥沙为例,用SPE HPLC MS MS的方法分析了双酚A在泥沙上的吸附规律及其影响因素.结果表明,由于黄河泥沙碳酸盐含量较高,双酚A的等温吸附规律不能用线性吸附方程和Freundlich吸附方程来描述;去除泥沙中碳酸盐后,泥沙对双酚A的吸附量增加,且其吸附规律可用线性吸附方程和Freundlich吸附方程来描述.泥沙总有机质含量和可溶态有机质含量都会影响双酚A的吸附,沉积物和悬浮物对双酚A的吸附量分别与其可溶态有机质含量负相关;由于价态不同,钙离子和钾离子对双酚A的吸附影响规律相反,随着钙离子浓度的增加双酚A吸附量亦增加,而随着钾离子浓度的增加双酚A吸附量却减少.     

长江中下游平原三个湖泊表层沉积物对磷的吸附特征

以长江中下游太湖、巢湖和龙感湖等3个湖泊表层沉积物(0～1cm)为对象,研究了不同沉积物对湖水中磷的吸附特性,并探讨了沉积物表面特性和化学组分等因素对磷的吸附行为的影响.结果表明:表层沉积物对磷的吸附作用主要发生在快吸附过程的前1～2h之内;湖泊表层沉积物对磷的吸附基本符合修正后的Langmuir型等温方程,不同采样点的表层沉积物中本底磷吸附量(QNAP)以及磷饱和吸附量(Qmax)差别显著,与采样点所处环境条件有很大关系.同时,沉积物的饱和吸附量与比表面积、活性铁、铝含量和有机质含量有较好的正相关性,相关系数分别为0 92,0 98,0 78和0 96;活性铁、铝含量与有机质含量之间也有较好的正相关性;颗粒物Zeta电位在一定程度上影响沉积物对磷的吸附能力.     

有机粘土矿物对污染环境修复的研究进展

本文综述了国外在有机粘土矿物对污染环境修复研究方面的最新进展，具体介绍了利用表面活性剂制备有机粘土矿物的方法，不同类型有机粘土矿物的特征，有机粘土矿物对各种有机污染物的吸附行为及机理，在地下水污染的现场修复，土地填埋防渗添加材料和去除工业废水有机污染物等方面的应用。     

Incorporating sorption/desorption of organic pollutants into river water quality model

Preliminary research was conducted about how to incorporate sorption/desorption of organic pollutants with suspended solids and sediments into single-chemical and one-dimensional water quality model of Jinghang Canal.Sedimentation-resuspension coefficient k3 was deduced; characteristics of organic pollutants, concentrations and components of suspended solids/sediments and hydrological and hydraulic conditions were integrated into k3 and further into river water quality model; impact of sorption/desorption of organic pollutants with suspended solids and sediments on prediction function of the model was discussed. Results demonstrated that this impact is pronounced for organic pollutants with relatively large Koc and Kow, especially when they are also conservative and foc of riversuspended solids/sediments is high, and that incorporation of sorption/ desorption of organic pollutants into river water quality model can improve its prediction accuracy.     

Sorption of biodegradation end products of nonylphenol polyethoxylates onto activated sludge

IntroductionRecently ,nonylphenolpolyethoxylates (NPnEO (n :numberofethoxyunits(EOs) )havebecomeaproblematicissueforthereasonthatthesecompounds,animportantgroupofnonionicsurfactants ,havebeenusedwidelyinvariousindustriesasflocculants,dispersants,emulsifie…     

Kinetics study of aqueous sorption of phenanthrene to humic acids and sediments

IntroductionThesorptionofhydrophobicorganiccontaminants(HOCs)onnaturalgeosorbentsplaysasignificantroleintheirtransport,degradationandultimatefateintheaquaticenvironment (Alexander,1995 ;Luthy ,1997;Weber,2 0 0 1) .Sincethelate 1970s,theorganicmatter(OM)ha…     

互花米草生物炭的添加对土壤吸附三氯生的影响及其机制研究

互花米草作为入侵物种,在我国沿海分布广泛,对沿海生态造成负面影响.本研究以互花米草资源化利用为出发点,在300℃和600℃下将其热解分别制得BC300和BC600两种生物炭,采用批量平衡法研究了生物炭添加对土壤吸附三氯生(TCS)的影响及其机制.结果表明,BC300内含有未炭化有机质,对TCS的吸附以分配作用为主,有利于对高浓度TCS的吸附;BC600有较大的比表面积,对TCS的吸附以表面吸附为主,有利于对低浓度TCS的吸附.生物炭添加能够促进土壤对TCS的吸附,且吸附量随生物炭添加比例的增加而增加;添加BC300的土壤对TCS的吸附量要显著高于添加BC600的土壤,这主要与生物炭的结构特征及其对土壤p H值的影响有关.因此,添加300℃下制备的互花米草生物炭可以有效地降低土壤中TCS的环境风险,同时也能为护花米草的资源化利用提供一条可行途径.     

Thermodynamic and Diffusion Properties of Biodegradable Systems Based on Starch and Cellulose Derivatives

The interval sorption and diffusion of water vapor were studied for two systems: methylcellulose (MC)/starch and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)/starch. The diffusion coefficient of water vapor and the Gibbs free energy of swelling of these blends in water were estimated. The Gibbs free energy of mixing starch with the cellulose derivatives was determined using the thermodynamic cycle. CMC/starch was shown to be more compatible than MC/starch. Biodegradation of these systems in the water–soil environment was measured and found to increase with the concentration of starch in its blends with cellulose derivatives.