乙烯废碱液的再生

开发了除油-苛化-脱硫组合技术处理乙烯废碱液工艺,考察了影响各级处理效果的主要因素.实验结果表明:经石英砂-聚丙烯腈纤维膜-强碱性阴离子交换树脂组合装置除油后,碱液中油类物质质量浓度小于2 mg/L,NaOH,Na_2CO_3,Na_2S等无机组分含量基本不变;经苛化-脱硫处理后碱液中Na_2CO_3和Na_2S质量浓度分别小于4 430 mg/L和4 480 mg/L;再生碱液的流体力学性质及对酸性气体的吸收性能均可满足乙烯裂解气碱洗要求.     

Removal of 2, 4‐D from aqueous solution by the adsorbents from spent bleaching earth

Abstract

The removal of 2, 4‐D (2, 4‐ dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) from aqueous solutions by activated spent bleaching earths (SBE) was studied at 20 °C. Experiments were performed as a function of time, initial concentration, dose and particle size of the adsorbent. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations were fitted by the adsorption data obtained. The values of Langmuir and Freundlich constants were determined. The adsorption kinetic was found to follow Lagergren equation. Both the boundary layer and intraparticle diffusion played important roles in the adsorption rate of 2, 4‐D. As the size of the adsorbent increased, the time to reach equilibrium increased but adsorption capacity decreased.     

印制电路板酸性蚀刻废液的膜电解再生

高度精细化线路和高层数印制电路板产量的增加,导致酸性蚀刻废液的排放量越来越大,对环境的负荷也随之增大.介绍了酸性蚀刻废液膜电解再生的基本原理,进行了中试规模的应用研究,并与其他电解再生方法进行技术与经济比较分析.结果表明,在槽电压为5V、电解时间为2h的条件下,酸性蚀刻废液的氧化还原电位由480 mV升至540mV,所...     

Effects of Patch Size and Type of Coffee Matrix on Ithomiine Butterfly Diversity and Dispersal in Cloud-Forest Fragments

Abstract: Determining the permeability of different types of landscape matrices to animal movement is essential for conserving populations in fragmented landscapes. We evaluated the effects of habitat patch size and matrix type on diversity, isolation, and dispersal of ithomiine butterflies in forest fragments surrounded by coffee agroecosystems in the Colombian Andes. Because ithomiines prefer a shaded understory, we expected the highest diversity and abundance in large fragments surrounded by shade coffee and the lowest in small fragments surrounded by sun coffee. We also thought shade coffee would favor butterfly dispersal and immigration into forest patches. We marked 9675 butterflies of 39 species in 12 forest patches over a year. Microclimate conditions were more similar to the forest interior in the shade‐coffee matrix than in the sun‐coffee matrix, but patch size and matrix type did not affect species richness and abundance in forest fragments. Furthermore, age structure and temporal recruitment patterns of the butterfly community were similar in all fragments, independent of patch size or matrix type. There were no differences in the numbers of butterflies flying in the matrices at two distances from the forest patch, but their behavior differed. Flight in the sun‐coffee matrix was rapid and directional, whereas butterflies in shade‐coffee matrix flew slowly. Seven out of 130 recaptured butterflies immigrated into patches in the shade‐coffee matrix, and one immigrated into a patch surrounded by sun coffee. Although the shade‐coffee matrix facilitated movement in the landscape, sun‐coffee matrix was not impermeable to butterflies. Ithomiines exhibited behavioral plasticity in habitat use and high mobility. These traits favor their persistence in heterogeneous landscapes, opening opportunities for their conservation. Understanding the dynamics and resource requirements of different organisms in rural landscapes is critical for identifying management options that address both animals’ and farmers’ needs.     

超滤技术处理造纸废水的研究与应用

介绍了超滤技术及其优点,其在制浆废液、漂白废水、纸机白水的处理中的研究应用进展;分析了超滤技术处理造纸废水中的膜污染;指出了影响超滤技术处理造纸废水应用的因素,最后提出了今后的研究方向。     

Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in roasted coffee

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are suspected to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. This study describes the presence of PAHs in light, medium and dark roasted coffee including instant and decaffeinated brands. Total PAHs concentration was related to the degree of roasting with light roasted coffee showing the least and dark roasted coffee showing the highest level. Both instant and decaffeinated coffee brand showed lower levels of PAHs. Naphthalene, acenaphthylene, pyrene and chrysene were the most abundant individual isomers. The concentrations ranged from 0 to 561 ng g^?1 for naphthalene, 0 to 512 ng g^?1 for acenaphthylene, 60 to 459 ng g^?1 for pyrene and 56 to 371 ng g^?1 for chrysene. Thus, roasting conditions should be controlled to avoid the formation of PAHs due to their suspected carcinogenic and mutagenic properties.     

菌糠强化微生物降解石油污染土壤修复研究

采用菌糠协同高效石油烃降解菌Microbacterium.sp.Q2进行石油污染土壤修复试验研究,分别设置菌糠固定化微生物组（SIM）、菌糠-游离菌组（SMSB）、菌糠单独组（SMS）和对照组（CK）4组修复实验.考察不同处理方式下对石油污染土壤微生物数量、酶活性和石油烃降解效果的差异性并确定石油污染土壤的最佳修复方案.结果表明：不同修复方式下,SIM组的土壤呼吸强度、微生物数量及酶活性较其他组有明显提高,其对石油烃去除率分别比其他3组提高11.84%、22.15%、54.09%.土壤中脱氢酶活性以及微生物活性与石油烃降解率的相关性显著,此外菌糠固定化微生物对石油污染土壤修复具有生物强化和生物刺激协同的作用机制.     

石灰石-石膏法烟气脱硫系统处理废稀硫酸

采用石灰石-石膏法脱硫装置处理废稀硫酸.研究了石灰石浆液和废稀硫酸的不同投加顺序以及不同反应晶种(石膏浆液、石膏稀浆液)对所得石膏晶粒形态和抽滤物含水率的影响.试验结果表明:与废稀硫酸加入石灰石浆液的方式相比,石灰石浆液加入废稀硫酸的方式更利于石膏结晶,晶粒更大,所得石膏抽滤物含水率更低;以石膏浆液和石膏稀浆液作为反应...