Antioxidant contents of bell pepper and melon fruits grown in soil amended with recycled waste

Composting and land application of municipal sewage sludge (SS) and yard waste (YW) compost are increasingly popular ways for using organic waste as a source of organic matter, while decreasing the amount of waste being diverted into landfills. Researchers have largely ignored the effect of SS and SS mixed with YW (SS+YW) compost on the antioxidant contents of vegetables grown under this practice. Accordingly, the main objective of this investigation was to monitor the impact of SS and SS+YW on the nutritional composition of pepper and melon fruits at harvest. Total phenols and ascorbic acid contents of pepper and melons (determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau and the dichlorophenol–indophenol methods, respectively) were greater in pepper than melon fruits. Soil amended with SS or SS+YW significantly elevated the concentrations of ascorbic acid and total phenols in melon fruits compared to no-mulch native soil. The application of SS did not modify the concentration of β-carotene in melon fruits at three harvests. Regardless of soil treatments, ascorbic acid and total phenols concentrations were greater in melon fruits collected at the first harvest compared to harvest three. Pepper fruits collected at harvest three contained the greatest concentrations of ascorbic acid and total phenols; whereas, pepper fruits collected at the second harvest contained the greatest concentrations of soluble sugars.     

树脂对酚类化合物吸附热力学研究

重点研究了超高交联树脂NDA-110对苯酚和对硝基酚的吸附等温线、吸附热力学研究,实验结果表明:苯酚和对硝基酚在NDA-110树脂上表现为自发的放热的物理吸附过程。阐述了超高交联树脂对于酚类化合物的吸附机理,为树脂固定床吸附酚类化合物的研究和实际工业应用提供了理论基础。     

氧化石墨烯/Fe_3O_4磁性纳米材料固定辣根过氧化物酶及其降解酚类物质

以原位沉淀法制备的氧化石墨烯/Fe3O4磁性纳米复合颗粒为固定化载体,1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐为交联剂,成功固载了辣根过氧化物酶。探讨了固定化条件对辣根过氧化酶活性的影响以及固定化酶的理化性质,实验结果表明,固定化最佳pH为6、温度为30℃、时间为11 h、交联剂浓度为1 mg/L。与游离酶相比,固定化酶具有良好的pH稳定性和热稳定性。最后将固定化酶用于降解水中的苯酚和2,4-二氯酚,并考察了固定化酶的重复利用性。     

QSAR models for predicting the toxicity of halogenated phenols to Tetrahymena

Halogenated phenols are industrial pollutants which may cause serious damage to the environment. In this work, a two-dimensional (2D) and two three-dimensional (3D) quantitative structure–activity relationship models for the toxicity prediction of halogenated phenols in Tetrahymena were developed. The structural factors that mainly influence toxicity were explored, agreeing with previously reported data. The results obtained with the 3D model were in agreement with those obtained with the 2D model. According to our findings, several new molecules with different predicted activities were designed.     

Improved dark ambient degradation of organic pollutants by cerium strontium cobalt perovskite

This work investigates the effect of cerium substation into strontium cobalt perovskites(CeSrCoO) for the oxidative degradation of Orange Ⅱ(OII) in dark ambient conditions without the aid of any external stimulants such as light,heating or chemical additives.The OII degradation rate by CeSrCoO reached 65% in the first hour,whilst for the blank sample without cerium(SrCoO) took over 2 hr to reach the same level of OII degradation.Hence,the cerium substitution improved the catalytic activity of the perovskite material,mainly associated with the Ce_(0.1)Sr_(0.9)CoO_3 perovskite phase.Upon contacting CeSrCoO,the-N=Nazo bonds of the OII molecules broke down resulting in electron donation and the formation of by-products.The electrons are injected into the CeSrCoO and resulted in a redox pair of Co~(3+)/Co~(2+),establishing a bridge for the electron transfer between OII and the catalysts.Concomitantly,the electrons also formed reactive species(·OH) responsible for OII degradation as evidenced by radical trapping experiment.Reactive species were formed via the reaction between 02 and donated electrons from OII with the aid of cobalt redox pair.As the prepared materials dispensed with the need for light irradiation and additional oxidants,it opens a window of environmental applications for treating contaminated wastewaters.     

酚类化合物抑制斜生栅藻生长的毒性效应

本文运用评价化学品对藻类毒性的标准实验方法，得出苯酚，邻氯苯酚、２，４－二氯苯酚和五氯酚抑制斜生栅藻生长的９６ｈ－ＥＣ５０分别为３４１．８５，２５和１．５ｍｇ·１＾－１，实验结果表明，在３００，３５０和４００ｍｇ·ｌ＾－１三种本酚初始浓度下，斜生栅藻都不具备降解苯酚的能力，即使在培养基中基本没有无机碳源的情况下，斜生栅藻仍不具备降解苯酚的能力。     

Impact of soil management practices on yield,fruit quality,and antioxidant contents of pepper at four stages of fruit development

Peppers, a significant component of the human diet in many regions of the world, provide vitamins A (β-carotene) and C, and are also a source of many other antioxidants such as capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and phenols. Enhancing the concentration of antioxidants in plants grown in soil amended with recycled waste has not been completely investigated. Changes in pepper antioxidant content in relation to soil amendments and fruit development were investigated. The main objectives of this investigation were to: (i) quantify concentrations of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, phenols, and soluble sugars in the fruits of Capsicum annuum L. (cv. Xcatic) grown under four soil management practices: yard waste (YW), sewage sludge (SS), chicken manure (CM), and no-much (NM) bare soil and (ii) monitor antioxidant concentrations in fruits of plants grown under these practices and during fruit ripening from green into red mature fruits. Total marketable pepper yield was increased by 34% and 15% in SS and CM treatments, respectively, compared to NM bare soil; whereas, the number of culls (fruits that fail to meet the requirements of foregoing grades) was lower in YW compared to SS and CM treatments. Regardless of fruit color, pepper fruits from YW amended soil contained the greatest concentrations of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin. When different colored pepper fruits (green, yellow, orange, and red) were analyzed, orange and red contained the greatest β-carotene and sugar contents; whereas, green fruits contained the greatest concentrations of total phenols and ascorbic acid.     

提高IACHAT流动注射仪测定挥发酚分析效率的探讨

流动注射分析已广泛应刚于农业、工业、环境科学和临床检测等多种领域。但对于反应复杂的项目，其单位分析时间较长，造成批量分析时间过长，效率低下。以挥发酚项目分析为例进行探索试验，将LACHATQuckChem8000流动注射仪的周期时间由原来设置的400S修改为200S，方法的精密度、准确度、检出限无显著性差异，大幅度缩短分析时间，提高工作效率。     

Monitoring transport of selected pesticides and phenols in soil columns by high performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

Soil columns were used to study pesticides and phenols transport under rapid infiltration land treatment conditions. An analytical procedure is described for the quantitative determination of atrazine, diuron, carbofuran, phenol, 2,4‐dinitrophenol, 2,4‐dimethylphenol, and 2,4‐dichlorophenol in soil and wastewater. Recoveries of all analytes were greater than 90%. The method detection limits for all analytes were ≤0.03 μg/ml (s/n=4) in wastewater and ≤ 0.1 μg/ml (s/n=5) in soil.     

多环芳烃及其衍生物在北京纳污河流中的分布及健康风险

为探明北京5座污水处理厂出水及受纳河流中多环芳烃(PAHs)及其衍生物(SPAHs)的污染水平及健康风险水平,采用固相萃取-气相色谱质谱联用仪测定水样中的PAHs及SPAHs的质量浓度,分析其分布特征,同时使用毒性当量因子评价河流中PAHs的健康风险.结果表明,5座污水处理厂出水及受纳河流中PAHs及SPAHs总质量浓度分别为75~584 ng·L~(-1)和91~1822 ng·L~(-1).水样中PAHs以2和3环为主,占PAHs总量的23%~48%.本研究中的SPAHs包括三类物质:氧化PAHs(OPAHs)、甲基PAHs (MPAHs)和氯代PAHs (Cl PAHs).其中,OPAHs占ΣSPAHs的质量分数为75%,MPAHs、Cl PAHs占比总体较低,分别为12%、13%.通过对5条河流中PAHs进行毒性当量浓度计算,表明应在采暖季(12月)对高环PAHs污染引起重视.