城市生活垃圾处理技术和资源化应用探讨

介绍我国城市生活垃圾处理技术和城市垃圾资源化现状,对北京阿苏卫生活垃圾综合处理进行详细分析,为城市生活垃圾的处理工艺选型和垃圾处理发展前景提供了参考依据。     

湿式氨法工艺在火电厂脱硫领域的潜在优势及应用前景分析

通过与目前火电厂应用最广泛的脱硫方法石灰石／石膏法比较,提出了湿式氨法脱硫工艺在成本投入低、环境污染小及社会经济效益好三方面的潜在优势．并分析了该法在我国火电厂烟气脱硫领域的应用前景。     

环境风险评估的技术本质

指明环境风险评估属于工程科学领域中的一门社会技术,从工程科学角度阐释了环境风险评估本质属性,即包括主体和客体、目的和标准、内容和方法以及应遵循的几项基本原则。研究表明,解析环境风险评估技术本质对于推动工程科学的社会技术研究具有学理与现实层面的示范作用。     

钢渣深处理技术

以昆钢本部及红钢所产的转炉钢渣作为研究对象,研究热泼钢渣的矿物组成,分析钢渣中有价金属的组成,确定不同的粒级、不同的磁场强度,采用干式磁选与湿式磁选相结合的“一段闭路破碎,磁滑轮磁选;一段开路磨矿,一粗一精选别”深度处理流程,应用于红钢钢渣磁选车间及昆钢钢渣磁选厂,获得良好的磁选指标。分析了项目实施过程中渣浆输送断流的原因,找出解决办法。总结了项目产生的效益。     

气候资源管理与优化调控

提出了气候资源优化调控的概念和基本思路。在人类活动引起的全球和区域气候变化情况下,加强相关管理和研究开发工作,是优化配置、合理开发和保护、恢复气候资源的先决条件;开展有关科学技术问题的研究、开发也将为气候资源优化调控工程提供知识储备。     

3S技术在锦州市环境功能区划数字化研究中的应用

针对锦州市原有的各类环境功能区划图都是以位图形式存贮于纸介质、应用起来具有一定的局限性的现状,将3S技术应用于环境功能区划的数字化研究,建立矢量化的锦州市环境功能区划信息数据库;将原有多个分散功能区划进行整合,并建立基于网络和单机2种不同环境下的信息发布系统,借以提升环境功能区划数据的应用价值。     

The progress of catalytic technologies in water purification： A review

Catalytic technologies have been paid increasing attention in refractory pollutants abatement due to its practical and potential values in water purification. As e ective and e cient approaches for water purification, Fenton’s reagent, ozonation, electrochemical and photocatalytic methods have been widely studied and applied in di erent aspects and have been reviewed by several articles. In recent years, some novel catalytic processes based on above processes have been developed for enhancing the e ciency of removing the organics from water. This review emphasized on the recent development of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation, electrocatalysis in respect of novel electrodes and electro-Fenton method, photoelectrocatalysis process and photoelectron-Fenton in water purification. It was also an attempt to propose general ideas about mechanism and principle enhancing the catalytic e ciency for the degradation and the mineralization of organics in water.     

Denitrifying phosphorus removal in a step-feed CAST with alternating anoxic-oxic operational strategy

A bench-scale cyclic activated sludge technology (CAST) was operated to study the biological phosphorus removal performance and a series of batch tests was carried out to demonstrate the accumulation of denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DNPAOs) in CAST system. Under all operating conditions, step-feed CAST with enough carbon sources in influent had the highest nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency as well as good sludge settling performance. The average removal rate of COD, NH₄⁺-N, PO₄³⁻ -P and total nitrogen (TN) was 88.2%, 98.7%, 97.5% and 92.1%, respectively. The average sludge volume index (SVI) was 133 mL/g. The optimum anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) conditions for the cultivation of DNPAOs could be achieved by alternating anoxic/oxic operational strategy, thus a significant denitrifying phosphorus removal occurred in step-feed CAST. The denitrification of NOx− -N completed quickly due to step-feed operation and enough carbon sources, which could enhance phosphorus release and further phosphorus uptake capability of the system. Batch tests also proved that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the step-feed process had strong denitrifying phosphorus removal capacity. Both nitrate and nitrite could be used as electron acceptors in denitrifying phosphorus removal. Low COD supply with step-feed operation strategy would favor DNPAOs accumulation.     

Model-based zero emission safety concept for reactors with exothermal reactions for chemical plants

To avoid major accidents caused by runaway reactions, a new safety concept called SmartHIP¹ is introduced, with the objective to prevent runaway reactions and avoid emissions. The basic principle is based on an online model-based approach by using safety instrumented systems. Different criteria exist for calculating the hazard potential of a runaway reaction and its early detection. The approaches of the literature from the last years are analysed and divided into three different groups: Divergence, Accumulation and Adiabatic Criterion. Each approach is compared to the other by applying it to an esterification reaction of acetic anhydride with methanol. The approaches are evaluated according to different requirements, like accuracy, wide range of application or reliability.     

基于文献计量的国内危险化学品信息化监管主题与热点分析*

为提升危化品安全信息化监管建设能力与本质安全水平,通过文献计量法和CiteSpace软件,采用关键词共现和聚类归纳对危化品领域及技术研究趋势进行分析。结果表明:危化品安全信息化监管研究自1998年共经历萌芽、发展、摆动3个阶段,但高质量成果较少;在当前新兴信息技术和传统评价分析技术相结合的新型研究模式下,着重突出物联网、大数据、人工智能、区块链等智能技术占比,是未来危化品信息化监管发展重要途径。