海潮引起的海底承压含水层系统中地下水位的波动——海底弱透水层的弹性储水效应

研究了由潜水含水层、在海底延伸的承压含水层和介于其间的弱透水层构成的滨海含水层系统中,弱透水层的弹性储水以及含水层的海潮荷载效应对承压含水层中的地下水位的影响.研究结果表明,当海底弱透水层延伸足够长时,它的弹性储水对承压含水层中的海潮引起的水头波动有增强作用.     

Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF):A green fertilizer for controlling non-point contamination in agriculture

Fertilizers contribute greatly to high yields but also result in environmental non-point contamination, including the emission of greenhouse gas(N2O) and eutrophication of water bodies. How to solve this problem has become a serious challenge, especially for China as its high ecological pressure. Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF) has been developed to minimize the contamination while keeping high yield and has become a green fertilizer for agriculture. Several CRFs made with special coating technology were used for testing the fertilizer effects in yield and environment through pot experiment and field trial. The result indicated that the CRFs had higher N use efficiency, thus reducing N loss through leaching and volatilization while keeping higher yields. Comparing with imported standard CRFs,the test on CRFs showed similar fertilizer effect but with much lower cost. CRFs application is becoming a new approach for minimizing non-point contamination in agriculture.     

Effects of the new nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on nitrate and potassium leaching in two soils

In this study, soil column was used to study the new nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on nitrate (NO3--N) and potassium (K) leaching in the sandy loam soil and clay loam soil. The results showed that DMPP with ammonium sulphate nitrate (ASN) ((NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3) or urea could reduce NO3--N leaching significantly, whereas ammonium (NH4 -N) leaching increased slightly. In case of total N (NO3--N NH4 -N), losses by leaching during the experimental period (40 d) were 37.93 mg (urea), 31.61 mg (urea DMPP), 108.10 mg (ASN), 60.70 mg (ASN DMPP) in the sandy loam soil, and 30.54 mg (urea), 21.05 mg (urea DMPP), 37.86 mg (ASN), 31. 09 mg (ASN DMPP) in the clay loam soil, respectively. DMPP-amended soil led to the maintenance of relatively high levels of NH4 -N and low levels of NO3--N in soil, and nitrification was slower. DMPP supplementation also resulted in potassium leached less, but the difference was not significant except the treatment ASN and ASN DMPP in the sandy loam soil. Above results indicate that DMPP is a good nitrification inhibitor, the efficiency of DMPP seems better in the sandy loam soil than in the clay loam soil and lasts longer.     

浅议科技期刊专栏的设置

科技期刊的专栏设置体现了科技期刊的办刊宗旨和方针,是体现科技期刊内容的"科技"特色的具体手段.本文就科技期刊的专栏设计的原则、特点、方法以及注意的问题进行分析,并对其进行了阐述.     

制药GMP技改工程水环境影响分析和对策

对湖北施恩堂制药一期GMP技术改造工程产生的水环境影响进行了分析,采用以UASB+SBR为主的工艺处理技改工程和原有工程产生的制药废水,"以新带老"削减,COD、BOD5、SS分别较GMP技改前减排94.6%、94.1%和50.2%,减轻了污染负荷,可实现达标排放,达到了增产减污的目的。     

Al_2O_3光催化降解染料性能研究

液相加热法制备了Al2O3作为光催化剂,研究了不同光源、光照时间、催化剂用量和溶液酸度等条件对常见有机染料光催化降解性能影响。结果表明,用太阳光作为光源照射3h,50mL染料溶液中加入Al2O3 30mg,溶液pH8～10,孔雀石绿,酚藏花红,甲基紫等染料脱色率达93%以上。将使用过的Al2O3经过简单处理,孔雀石绿溶液脱色率仍达到94.1%,催化性能稳定,可以重复利用。通过紫外可见光谱分析,表明染料分子在催化剂和光照条件下发生了降解。     

1000t/d含油废水旋流分离技术及设备研究

将实验室研制的 HL 型旋流器用压力容器式方式并联起来 ,建立 10 0 0 t/ d规模的示范装置 ,并进行试验。示范装置的试验结果表明 ,与工业测试比较 ,HL型旋流器并没有因为规模的放大而造成性能下降 ,它能取代石化行业目前采用的“一隔二浮”流程中的大部分装置 ,具有明显的经济效益和广阔的应用前景     

凤眼莲在净化废水方面的应用

本文初步探讨了凤眼莲在净化废水方面的应用效果。结果表明，凤眼莲对生活废水具有较强的适应能力和净化效果。同时，其经特殊的处理后钻井废水中也能较正常生长、繁殖，并起一定的净化作用。文中就废水pH对凤眼莲的影响作了初步实验探讨，对凤眼莲净化废水机理也作了简述。     

面向未来的企业可持续发展必由之路:生态效益

介绍工业生态学中生态效益的基本概念、核心思想和企业向生态效益型发展的必要性和必然性 ,分析了推行生态效益管理的关键和难点 ,并提出我国企业推行生态效益的对策建议。     

环境影响评价有效性评估理论研究

结合系统工程理论，初步建立环境影响评价有效性评估的概念方法和理论体系，据此对我国环境影响评价有效性进行初步评估，并提出进一步提高我国环境影响评价有效性的对策及建议。