全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16443篇 |
免费 | 1046篇 |
国内免费 | 3075篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1249篇 |
废物处理 | 273篇 |
环保管理 | 4699篇 |
综合类 | 8746篇 |
基础理论 | 1674篇 |
环境理论 | 3篇 |
污染及防治 | 1150篇 |
评价与监测 | 1226篇 |
社会与环境 | 1279篇 |
灾害及防治 | 265篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 39篇 |
2023年 | 197篇 |
2022年 | 335篇 |
2021年 | 368篇 |
2020年 | 462篇 |
2019年 | 374篇 |
2018年 | 348篇 |
2017年 | 554篇 |
2016年 | 662篇 |
2015年 | 742篇 |
2014年 | 714篇 |
2013年 | 1049篇 |
2012年 | 1104篇 |
2011年 | 1211篇 |
2010年 | 868篇 |
2009年 | 878篇 |
2008年 | 691篇 |
2007年 | 1127篇 |
2006年 | 1074篇 |
2005年 | 881篇 |
2004年 | 775篇 |
2003年 | 790篇 |
2002年 | 663篇 |
2001年 | 525篇 |
2000年 | 555篇 |
1999年 | 491篇 |
1998年 | 339篇 |
1997年 | 311篇 |
1996年 | 287篇 |
1995年 | 254篇 |
1994年 | 222篇 |
1993年 | 216篇 |
1992年 | 171篇 |
1991年 | 132篇 |
1990年 | 94篇 |
1989年 | 88篇 |
1988年 | 81篇 |
1987年 | 73篇 |
1986年 | 48篇 |
1984年 | 51篇 |
1983年 | 59篇 |
1982年 | 60篇 |
1981年 | 72篇 |
1980年 | 80篇 |
1979年 | 73篇 |
1978年 | 51篇 |
1977年 | 46篇 |
1973年 | 44篇 |
1972年 | 39篇 |
1971年 | 59篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Nahanni National Park Reserve is located at southwestern NWT-Yukon border. One of the first UNESCO World Heritage sites, Nahanni lies within Taiga Cordillera and Taiga Shield Ecozones. Base and precious metal mining occurred upstream of Nahanni prior to park establishment. Nahanni waters, sediments, fish, and caribou have naturally elevated metals levels. Baseline water, sediment and fish tissue quality data were collected and analyzed throughout Nahanni during 1988–91 and 1992–97. These two programs characterized how aquatic quality variables are naturally varying in space and time, affected by geology, stream flow, seasonality, and extreme meteorological and geological events. Possible anthropogenic causes of aquatic quality change were examined. Measured values were compared to existing Guidelines and site-specific objectives were established. 相似文献
92.
Water quality indices (WQIs) have been developed to assess the suitability of water for a variety of uses. These indices reflect the status of water quality in lakes, streams, rivers, and reservoirs. The concept of WQIs is based on a comparison of the concentration of contaminants with the respective environmental standards. The number, frequency, and magnitude by which the environmental standards for specific variables are not met in a given time period are reflected in WQIs. Further, the water quality trend analysis predicts the behavior of the water quality parameters and overall water quality in the time domain. In this paper, the concept of WQI was applied to three selected watersheds of Atlantic region: the Mersey River, the Point Wolfe River, and the Dunk River sites. To have robust study, two different water quality indices are used: Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI), and British Columbia Water Quality Index (BWQI). The complete study was conducted in two steps. The first step was to organize and process the data into a format compatible with WQI analysis. After processing the input data, the WQI was calculated. The second step outlined in the paper discusses detailed trend analysis using linear and quadratic models for all the three sites. As per the 25 years trend analysis, overall water quality for agriculture use observed an improving trend at all the three sites studied. Water quality for raw water used for drinking (prior to treatment) and aquatic uses has shown improving trend at Point Wolfe River. It is further observed that pH, SO4, and NO3 concentrations are improving at Dunk River, Mersey River, and Point Wolfe River sites. To ascertain the reliability and significance of the trend analysis, a detailed error analysis and parametric significance tests were also conducted It was observed that for most of the sites and water uses quadratic trend models were a better fit than the linear models. 相似文献
93.
Conservation and management applications of the REEF volunteer fish monitoring program 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pattengill-Semmens CV Semmens BX;Reef Environmental Education Foundation 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,81(1-3):43-50
The REEF Fish Survey Project is a volunteer fish monitoring program developed by the Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF). REEF volunteers collect fish distribution and abundance data using a standardized visual method during regular diving and snorkeling activities. Survey data are recorded on preprinted data sheets that are returned to REEF and optically digitized. Data are housed in a publicly accessible database on REEF's Web site (http: //www.reef.org). Since the project's inception in 1993, over 40,000 surveys have been conducted in the coastal waters of North America, tropical western Atlantic, Gulf of California and Hawaii. The Fish Survey Project has been incorporated into existing monitoring programs through partnerships with government agencies, scientists, conservation organizations, and private institutions. REEF's partners benefit from the educational value and increased stewardship resulting from volunteer data collection. Applications of the data include an evaluation of fish/habitat interactions in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, the development of a multi-species trend analysis method to identify sites of management concern, assessment of the current distribution of species, status reports on fish assemblages of marine parks, and the evaluation of no-take zones in the Florida Keys. REEF's collaboration with a variety of partners, combined with the Fish Survey Project's standardized census method and database management system, has resulted in a successful citizen science monitoring program. 相似文献
94.
Rodriguez MJ Vinette Y Sérodes JB Bouchard C 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,89(1):69-93
The levels of trihalomethanes (THMs) – the main species of by-product from water chlorination – were monitored in thedistribution systems of the five major drinking water utilitiesof the greater area of Québec City in order to investigate andmodel their occurrence on a spatial and seasonal basis. Data forTHMs and other water quality and operational parametersassociated with their formation were generated through a 16 monthsampling program involving several sites representing variablewater residence times, from the plant to the system extremity.The results demonstrate that the differences in measured THMlevels between the five utilities are mainly due to the variablequality of raw waters, the type of water treatment process beingused and the type and levels of applied disinfectant. Dependingon the utility, average THM levels were from 1.3 to 2.5 timeshigher in the system extremities than in the water leaving thetreatment plant. Also, average levels of THMs measured in summerat the distribution system extremities were, depending on theutility, from 2.5 to 5 times higher than the average levelsmeasured in winter. The seasonal differences were found to besignificantly greater than those observed by others in waterutilities in the United States and Europe and are explained inlarge part by the considerable changes, over the year, in thequality and temperature of surface waters in Southern Québec. Forthe five utilities under study, multivariate regression modelswere developed in order to predict spatial and seasonalvariations of THMs. Both residual chlorine demand and temperaturewere found to be better, statistically, as predictors for THMoccurrence. The usefulness of the developed models for routineand long term water quality management, as well as for assessmentof human exposure to THMs, are also discussed. 相似文献
95.
A membrane extraction-gas chromatography method was developed fordetermination of organophosphorus pesticides and related compounds including methamidophos, DDVP, dimethoate, methyl parathion, parathion, thiophosphoric acid trimethyl ester, and thiophosphoramidic acid dimethyl ester in water samples. In thismethod, surface-modified acetic cellulose membranes were used to extract the target analytes in water samples, the extracted analytes were back-extracted into a small amount of methanol, andgas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detector (GC-PFPD) was used to determine the concentrations of targetanalytes in the extracts. The recoveries obtained for thetarget analytes spiked into the water samples ranged from 66to 94%. The method detection limit for each target analyte was 0.05 g L-1. The method developed in this study had shown the advantages of being cheap, simple, fast, and reliable. It had been used successfully to determine the concentrations of target analytes in river water samples. 相似文献
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
A simple, sensitive, convenient and low cost spectrofluorometric technique for determination of quinalphos is described. Quinalphos is decomposed with sodium ethoxide. Resultant sodium diethyl thiophosphate (Na-DETP) is extracted with a cationic fluorescein as ion pair complex into 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene. The fluorescence of the ion pair, fluorescein-DETP is measured at 530 nm after excitation at 490 nm. This technique is applicable for the determination of quinalphos in water, food grains and vegetable samples up to ng level with Amberlite XAD-4. 相似文献