生物活性炭技术在欧洲水处理中的应用研究与发展

介绍了生物活性炭（BAC）技术在欧洲水处理中（包括给水深度的处理，多种工业废水及生活污水处理）的最新应用研究成果及该技术的发展方向。     

青山水库底泥磷释放与库区水体磷浓度的关系

通过对青山水库底泥磷释放特性的实验结果分析,对照库区水体浓度监测的数据,确定了库区各测点底磷释放量与水体浓度之间的关系,进而为库区环境总量控制与各支流的分配计算提供了依据。同时也为防止水库的进一步富营养化,进而改善水质提供了新的思路。     

滇池铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa Kueitz）毒素及其在水体中的变化

本文研究了昆明市滇池富营养化所形成水华的主要蔬菜－铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa Kueitz)的毒素及其在水体的变化。经研究,滇池铜绿微囊藻的提取液有一个毒峰出现,用双波长紫外分光光度计测定,发现于240nm出现一个毒峰。用色质谱联用扫描得出,其分子离子峰为1040M／Z。用小白鼠注入藻类提取液进行试验,发现其肝脏肿大,并呈紫褐色。再将肝脏匀浆提取液用高压液相色谱测定,发现有毒峰出现。在不同季节、不同地点,采取湖水,经过滤后（去除藻类和碎屑）进行测定,结果得出：在藻类生长旺季及生长繁茂的地点,水体中藻毒素的含量较高。而在藻类生长淡季及分布较少的地点,水中藻毒素含量则较少。但总的看来,经过过滤后的湖水,其中藻毒素含量少。     

釜溪河城区河段漂浮植物污染现状及防治建议

本文对釜溪河城区河段漂浮植物进行了分类,对漂浮植物疯长成因、危害及水质污染现状进行了分析,并提出了防治建议。     

Adsorption of Pb, Cd to Fe, Mn oxides in natural freshwater surface coatings developed in different seasons

Metal oxides( Fe, Mn oxides) in natural surface coatings(biofilms and associated minerals) are believed to play a significant role n the fate and transport of trace metal in aquatic environments. Seasonal variation of Fe, Mn oxides and organic materials in surface oatings, which were developed periodically on glass slides in Nanhu Lake, Jilin Province, China over the time frame of three seasons,was investigated in order to understand the influence of metal oxides on Pb and Cd adsorption to heterogeneous surface coating materials(biofilm). Pb and Cd adsorption was measured under controlled laboratory conditions( mineral salts solution with defined speciation, ionic trength 0.05 mol/L, 25~C and pH 6.0). The classical Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied to estimate equilibrium coefficients of Pb nd Cd adsorption to the surface coatings. In general, components in the surface coatings varied greatly with seasons altering and btained higher concentrations in summer while the content of iron oxides always exceeded that of manganese oxides. Correlation nalyses between the maximum adsorption of Pb and Cd and components in the surface coatings developed periodically indicated that Pb hase association with Mn oxides and Cd phase association with Fe oxides as well as Mn oxides were statistically significant. Effect of Mn xides on Cd adsorption was confirmed in view of its higher content in the surface coatings. The importance of ferromanganese oxides for b and Cd adsorption to the natural surface coatings developed in different seasons was evidenced.     

A comparative study of classical and biochemical endpoints for phytotoxicity testing of chlorobenzoic acids

IntroductionChlorobenzoic acids ( CBAs ) are important chemicalproducts and extensive used as the intermediate and analysisreagent in many industrial fields(Zhang, 2001). Therefore,CBAs may directly and constantly release into environment,and it was a…     

Effect of electron beam irradiation on the degradation of monochlorophenols in aqueous solution

Electron beam was successfully used for the degradation of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in aqueous solutions in this research. The effect of radiation dose on substrate degradation and dechlorination of solutions with concentration of 50mg/L was investigated. The effect of initial concentration, pH and presence of oxygen was also investigated. The concentration of 2-CP and 4-CP remaining in solution after irradiation were measured by HPLC. The results showed that increased radiation dose led to increased degradation of the chlorophenols and increased CI^- yield. Deaeration was also found to significantly increase the rate of degradation of chlorphenols in water while degradation and dechlodnation under alkaline condition was lower than at low to neutral pH.     

用CBMN法评价4-氯酚与富里酸对CHO细胞的毒性效应

用ＣＨＯ细胞和ＣＢＭ法对４－ＣＰ（４－氯）及春ＦＡ协同作用的细胞毒性效应进行了评价,选用的细胞学毒性参数为总微核率（ＭＮ）、含微核的双核细胞率（ＢＮＭＮ）、核分鲜明指数（ＮＯＩ）和南分裂阻断增殖指数（ＣＢＰＩ）,结果表明：ＦＡ单独处理与阴性对照组比较不引起显著性差异;４－Ｃ客ＦＡ联合处理与４－ＣＰ各浓度分别处理相比有显著性的差异;对于ＢＮＭＮ和ＮＤＩ,Ｐ〈０．０１;对于ＭＮ和ＣＢＰＩ,Ｐ〈０．０５     

松花江水系有机污染的现状

本文介绍了GC、GC/MS、HPLC方法在分析松花江水系有机污染物中的应用。GC/MS、HPLC所用水样在现场处理,而TLC、GC样品在实验室处理。冬夏两次取样,共检出152种有机化合物,其中主要有机污染物55种,PAH_3占19％,氯化物占14％,芳烃占13％,其它占54％。