一种综合评价水质的新方法——功能指数法

本文提出了一种新的水质评价方法——功能指数法,它所设计的单一功能指数表达式H■和功能指数向量A能够同时提供关于水体功能价值,水质优劣或污染程度、主要污染因子及其超标倍数等多方面的信息。      

Distribution of endocrine-disrupting PCBs in hard roes of loaches and their potential ecological effects in Weishanhu Lake, China

Preliminary study is carded out on the endocrine-disrupting organic chemicals of polychlorinated biphenyls( PCBs. PCB-28, 60,104, 153, 190) in hard roes of Ioaches( Misgurnus anguillicaudatas) in Weishanhu Lake, China. Results showed that the hard roes of Ioacbes collected from the areas near the influx( such as Pengkou T-PCB =0. 243μg/g) or efflux( such as Hanzhuang T-PCB = 0. 221μg/g)are characterized by higher PCB contents, about 4 times that from the central lake(T-PCB = 0.066-μg/g), suggesting great difference between their pollutions. The PCB distributions indicated that PCB congeners with more chlorine are more easily accumulated in roes of Ioachee. The microscopic characteristics reveal that the PCB contents at present cannot lead the roes of Ioaches to be abnormal.However, the roes with higher PCBs in Pengkou and Hanzhuang are obviously bigger than those with lower PCBs(T-PCBs≤0. 176μg/g)in other localities. It is suggested that PCBs have a stronger estrogenic activity on the roes of Ioaches, and the phenomenon is likely premonitory for the abnormal development of the hard roes.     

Effects of nutrients on Microcystis growth more easily forming bloom

Different nutrient media experimentally were N, P and Fe-limited conditions and a serial of diluted BGll media. The cell change of morphology and life history, cell number, cell color and cell area of Microcystis were analyzed quantitatively. First, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron depletion were distinctively different. Phosphorus and iron depletion caused more special division cells,slowly growth increasing, the easier change of bigger cell area. Second, the nitrogen and iron depletion could make the color of alga from green to brown. Finally, according to the resource competition and Monod equation, Microcystis kinetics of phosphorus and iron were also examined. Ks and μmax of phosphorus absorption were 0.0352 μmol/L, 0.493 d^-1 respectively; iron absorption: 0.00323 μmol/L, 0.483d^-1. In a word, some evidences of the Microcystis bloom dominance in certain nutrient conditions were indicated in the experiments. The dominances were determined as the reviving under the adverse circumstances through the special division, the various nitrogen resources,and the lower kinetics of phosphorus and iron than that of most of other algae. The conclusions provided the scientific basis for preventing and managing Microcystis bloom in freshwater.     

生态修复理念在河道湖泊水体治理中的应用探讨

对于人类来说,水就是生命之根本,没有水人类就根本生存不下去,所以不论在世界哪个角落,水都是最为重要的资源。但是我们国家的水资源却相对匮乏,有的地方严重缺水,在这样的背景之下,水环境污染问题也在慢慢的变得严重,这就使得当前的情况变得更加的糟糕。当前我们国家发展的目标就是"绿水青山就是金山银山",将环境保护放在首位,也只有将环境保护,尤其是水资源保护放在发展的首位,才能够走上可持续发展的道路。     

自制COD消解液

美国ＨＡＣＨ公司ＣＯＤ测定仪由ＣＯＤ消解反应器、消解液及ＤＲ１００专用比色计构成。此法具有快速、节省试剂、防止低沸点有机物挥发和省去冷凝等优点。但原装消解液价格昂贵，今试用自配消解液代替原装消解液，以降低成本。１试验１１主要仪器和试剂ＨＡＣＨ４５６...