对冷冲模具冲裁间隙的商讨

通过冲裁间隙对冲裁断面、冲裁力的影响 ,提出合理冲裁间隙     

东濮断陷湖盆陡坡带构造演化史恢复研究

陡坡带构造演化史研究对断陷湖盆具有重要意义,平衡剖面技术在面积(体积)守恒的基础上为恢复构造演化史提供了一种科学合理的技术方法。通过对东濮凹陷兰聊陡坡带进行平衡剖面法构造演化史恢复,再现了兰聊断层的活动规律及其对东濮断陷湖盆发展演化的控制作用,明确了东濮凹陷早第三纪层序地层发育特征、坡折带类型及其对砂砾岩扇体的控制作用,指出了隐蔽油气藏发育的有利层段和分布的有利地区。     

耦合遗传算法与RBF神经网络的PM2.5浓度预测模型

基于北京市空气质量监测点获取的空气污染物浓度数据,通过遗传算法搜索径向基人工神经网络的最优隐含层神经元数目和扩展常数,构建了耦合径向基人工神经网络算法与遗传算法的预测模型,预测北京市未来一天24h平均PM_2.5质量浓度.结果表明,预测精度与泛化性能良好.该模型不需要输入气象和地理位置信息等数据,具有依赖变量少、预测精度高（R²达0.75）和运算效率高等特征,并可以通过训练样本的驱动,使自身不断优化调整.该模型预测效果可以通过扩展输入特征、增加训练样本量等方法进一步提升,可对多种时空情境下的城市空气污染进行高效率且精确的预测.     

开发利用蔗茅野生种质资源的思考

综述了国内外甘蔗种质资源的研究现状,对开发利用蔗茅野生种质提出了一些研究思路.目前,生产上使用的甘蔗品种是由甘蔗属内的3～5个种杂交培育而来,其亲缘关系较近,遗传基础日益狭窄.因此,开发利用具有优异遗传性状的甘蔗种质资源,综合应用新技术、新方法,以扩大甘蔗遗传多样性、提高甘蔗育种效率是解决这一问题的重要途径.     

Selling displaced people? A multi‐method study of the public communication strategies of international refugee organisations

The world has seen a major increase in forced displacement since 2011. As a growing number of states implement restrictive refugee policies, public communication has become essential for refugee organisations. This study analysed, therefore, three international refugee organisations’ discursive strategies towards the recent Syrian crisis, as well as their production and the social context. A critical discourse analysis of international press releases (N=122) and six semi‐structured interviews with press and regional officers revealed that the observed actors largely dehumanise displaced people and subordinate them to the ‘Western self’ and state interests; displaced people hardly ever acquire their own voice. The study found that the medium characteristics of press releases and the importance of media attention result in a depersonalising humanitarian discourse. In addition, there were indications of a post‐humanitarian discourse that reproduced the humanitarian sector's ‘marketisation’. Finally, the examined organisations use the political realist cross‐issue persuasion strategy, displaying displaced people as resettlement objects.     

气幕隔尘法在电炉屋顶烟罩排烟系统中的应用分析

通常电炉加料和出钢时的烟气均通过屋顶烟罩捕集,但使用效果不够理想。为提高屋顶烟罩的捕集效率,节省大规模排烟量和风机能耗,提出更加经济的气幕隔尘法用于辅助电炉屋顶烟罩排烟。即在屋顶烟罩底部形成一个无形透明的屏障,以阻止电炉加料或出钢时的向上烟气不因车间横向气流的干扰而向屋顶烟罩外扩散。结合工程项目分析了气幕隔尘新技术的应用前景。     

冰雪表面HNO3的紫外光解机理

利用308 nm激光与cavity ring-down spectroscopy技术对HNO3的气相与冰表面光解进行了研究,考察了其光解量子产额与吸收系数,结果表明,.OH+NO2*是其光解反应的主要通道;HNO3在253 K、308 nm冰表面的吸收系数为(1.21±0.31)×10-18cm2.molecule-1,比其在气相的吸收系数(1.24±0.19)×10-21 cm.2molecule-1(295 K)及(8.50±0.24)×10-22cm.2molecule-1(253 K)均高约3个数量级;HNO3在253K冰表面光解产生NO2*的量子产额为0.60±0.34.     

DPIV图象的诊断方法研究

数字粒子图象测速技术已在国内外各个实验方向得到广泛的重视和应用,但应用的关键就在于它的诊断方法。本文介绍了ＤＰＩＶ图象诊断方法中最常用的互相关法。并发展了传统互相关算法,然后对互相关法进行平移和旋转的标定,以确定其可行性和可靠性。最后应用于重力作用下水射流的实验。     

When to be neighbourly: differential agonistic responses in the lizard Platysaurus broadleyi

Differential treatment of neighbours and strangers (the dear enemy phenomenon) can reduce the costly effects of territory defence. Individual recognition, and by extension the dear enemy phenomenon, was examined in the cordylid lizard Platysaurus broadleyi. I had no knowledge of familiarity between individuals and therefore classed intruders as neighbours or non-neighbours and tested for differences in agonistic response consistent with the dear enemy phenomenon. In the dear enemy phenomenon, levels of aggression are inversely related to degree of familiarity such that residents are more tolerant of immediate neighbours than distant territory holders. A manipulative field experiment in conjunction with field observations of known territory holders revealed that resident males allowed neighbours to approach more closely than non-neighbours before challenging them, residents were more aggressive towards non-neighbours than neighbours, contests between neighbours were significantly longer than between neighbours and non-neighbours and contests between residents and non-neighbours were likely to result in a win for the resident, while neighbours frequently drew contests. These results suggest a level of recognition consistent with the dear enemy phenomenon. I also manipulated front leg colour to test the hypothesis that it alone could serve as a cue for individual recognition. I found no support for this hypothesis and suggest that multiple cues operate in individual recognition. Received: 4 March 1999 / Received in revised form: 11 April 1999 / Accepted: 19 April 1999     

Turbulent velocity profile in fully-developed open channel flows

The determination of velocity profile in turbulent narrow open channels is a difficult task due to the significant effects of the anisotropic turbulence that involve the Prandtl’s second type of secondary flow occurring in the cross section. With these currents the maximum velocity appears below the free surface that is called dip phenomenon. The well-known logarithmic law describes the velocity distribution in the inner region of the turbulent boundary layer but it is not adapted to define the velocity profile in the outer region of narrow channels. This paper relies on an analysis of the Navier–Stokes equations and yields a new formulation of the vertical velocity profile in the center region of steady, fully developed turbulent flows in open channels. This formulation is able to predict time averaged primary velocity in the outer region of the turbulent boundary layer for both narrow and wide open channels. The proposed law is based on the knowledge of the aspect ratio and involves a parameter C_Ar depending on the position of the maximum velocity (ξ_dip). ξ_dip may be derived, either from measurements or from an empirical equation given in this paper. A wide range of longitudinal velocity profile data for narrow open channels has been used for validating the model. The agreement between the measured and the computed velocities is rather good, despite the simplification used.