基于湿解技术处理木质纤维类废物的研究

运用木质纤维素固体基质半纤维素、纤维素和木质素定量分析程序等分析检测了不同湿解工况下草坪草和杂草主要组分的化学变化。结果表明,在湿解过程中草坪草和杂草中半纤维素、纤维素的相对含量呈减少趋势;木质素类物质经过衍生和小分子缩合后,其相对含量呈增加趋势;湿解最终产物呈弱酸性,可以用来改良碱性土壤。经过湿解处理的有机物料有机质含量丰富并含有大量腐殖酸,随湿解温度升高,腐殖化程度增加。在湿解过程中有机物料的主要化学组分同时受到热、湿、水解等各种作用,最终形成腐殖质。     

超临界水氧化技术处理有机废水的研究

超临界水是处理难氧化有机污染物的一种很好媒介,因为在超临界状态下有机污染物和氧化剂能够互溶而加快反应速度,具有去除率高,反应时间短且无污染等特点,因而受到了越来越多的关注。本文主要概述了超临界水氧化的特点、机理、工艺流程和存在的问题,介绍了当前超临界水氧化处理难降解污染物的效果、动力学、催化剂研究等情况,并展望了其应用前景。     

工程菌处理高纯二甲醚生产废水的研究

工程菌LEY7是以假单胞菌D3 菌株 (Pseudomonassp.D3 )为受体 ,以缓慢牙孢杆菌 3RM2 菌株 (Bacilluslentus 3RM2 ) ,假单胞菌W1 (Pseudomonassp .W1 )和W2 (Pseudomonassp .W2 )为供体 ,用多基因转化原生质球构建而成。工程菌LEY7能同时降解 4种化合物。用工程菌LEY7处理化工废水 ,工艺采用二级氧化。处理效果 :进水COD =10 0 0mg/L ,处理后出水COD在 10 0mg/L以下。COD去除率达到 90 %以上。     

环境激素双酚A释放及降解进展

通过对环境激素双酚A的概念、危害、应用、释放、降解与去除的介绍，指出在今后的科研工作中，加强双酚A降解菌的筛选，并研究其生理、生化、遗传特性，对从分子水平了解其降解机制以及构建高效工程菌具有重要意义。     

催化超临界水氧化处理1,5-萘二磺酸

采用Mn2O3/γ-AL2O3和V2O5/γ-Al2O/为催化剂,在一连续流固定床反应器中进行了超临界水氧化1,5-萘二磺酸实验.实验结果表明,在380～440℃,24 MPa条件下,Mn2O3/γ-Al2O3和V2O5/y-Al2O3催化剂对1,5-萘二磺酸的氧化降解具有显著的促进作用,TOC去除率达到90%以上;催化剂的催化效果随反应温度的升高而增强,随pH值的降低而增强,随停留时间的延长先增强后趋于平缓.     

Enhanced activity of ZnS(111) by N/Cu co-doping:Accelerated degradation of organic pollutants under visible light

High-efficiency photocatalysts are of great significance for the application of photocatalytic technology in water treatment.In this study,N/Cu co-doped ZnS nanosphere photocatalys(N/Cu-ZnS) is synthesized by a hydrothermal method for the first time.After doping,the tex ture of nanosphere becomes loose,the nanometer diameter is reduced,making the specific surface area of catalyst increased from 34.73 to 101.59 m²/g.The characterization results show that more ZnS (111) crystal planes a...     

一株硝基苯高效降解菌的筛选及其降解特性

自南京化工厂下水道底泥和废水处理系统曝气池活性污泥中驯化分离得到一株能快速降解硝基苯的菌株,初步鉴定其为不动杆菌属菌株。该菌株降解硝基苯的最适宜环境条件为温度25℃～35℃,pH7～8,振荡速率大于120r/m。在适宜环境条件下,该菌株能够在24h内全部降解初始浓度不超过400mg/L的硝基苯,该浓度范围内硝基苯的降解过程符合零级动力学特征;当硝基苯的初始浓度超过400mg/L时,降解菌的生长受到毒害作用,该浓度范围内硝基苯的降解在开始有一个明显的停滞期,降解过程不再符合零级或一级动力学特征。     

氯唑磷在土壤中的降解性能与移动性研究

在实验室与野外田间状态下，研究了氯唑磷农药在砂土，砂壤土及粘壤土中的降解特性，降解速率依次为：砂壤土〉粘壤土〉矿土；其降解半衰期分别为４７．２、５９．８和６７．３ｄ。     

白腐真菌降解造纸废水的规律研究

在白腐真菌降解造纸废水的基础上，建立降解反应模型并推导出降解参数方程，并对其进行分析。     

Enzymatic degradation of poly([R,S] β-hydroxybutyrate)

The synthetic analogue of a bacterially produced polyester, poly(-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) was synthesized from racemic -butyrolactone using anin situ trimethyl aluminum-water catalyst. The polymer was fractionated into samples differing in molecular weight and isotactic diad content. The latter was closely related to degree of crystallinity. The biodegradation of these fractions were examined by monitoring mass loss over time in the presence of anAlcaligenes faecalis T1 extracellular bacterial poly(-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase. The fraction with high isotactic diad tacticity content showed little or no degradation over a 50 hour incubation period, whereas the fraction of intermediate isotactic diad content degraded in a continuous steady fashion at a rate that was less than that for bacterial PHB. The low isotactic diad fraction underwent a rapid initial degradation, followed by no further mass loss. The presence of stereoblocks in the polymer structure of the various fractions was an influence on the degree of susceptibility towards degradation and is related to sample crystallinity.