苯系物Lewis酸碱性定量及其应用

本文以正丁醚／水和环己烷／水分配系数的对数差值Ａ作为酸性指数，以氯仿／水和四氯化碳／水分配系数的对数差值Ｂ作为碱性指数来度量苯系物的Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸碱性，阐明Ａ、Ｂ两指数的物理意义，并表征其相互作用的Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸、碱间的分子作用力的大小，定量分析其与Ｋａｍｌｅｔ等人提出了溶剂化显色参数π，α，β间的关系，研究了各种分子间的对酸，碱性的相对贡献，氢键的贡献是主要的，其次是偶极作用的贡献，色散力引起的贡献     

酸性硫酸盐土的酸度类型及其测定方法

酸性硫酸盐土是一种广泛分布于沿海低地和矿区的污染源土壤，对生态环境和人类健康具有潜在或实际的负面影响。酸性硫酸盐土中各类酸度是评估酸性硫酸盐土环境风险最重要的指标。酸性硫酸盐土的酸度可分为水溶性酸度、吸持性酸度和金属硫化物起源潜在酸度等3种类型。文章根据最新的研究结果，简要地介绍酸性硫酸盐土的酸度类型及其测定方法。     

Influence of ozone on the sampling and storage of volatile organic compounds in canisters

A dynamic dilution system was used for the study of the influence of ozone on the sampling and storage of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at 0, 4, 7 and 14 days in “TO-Can” canisters at two ozone concentrations, 60 and 150 ppbv. Among the 31 ozone precursors VOCs, a representative mixture containing five alkenes, five aromatics, acetylene and 1,3 butadiene was selected using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. Here, we demonstrate that the presence of ozone have no influence on the concentrations of VOCs after 14 days storage period and consequently no problem of representativity of the sampling appears after 14 days of storage. The main explanation is the degradation of ozone in contact with deactivated walls of canisters.     

污水海洋处置工程多喷口浮射流近区稀释扩散规律研究

结合上海市污水治理二期工程稀释扩散物理模型试验，首次通过量纲分析的方法，对上升管上布置多个喷口时污水的近区稀释扩散规律进行了研究，得出了上升管布置不同喷口个数时的近区稀释度计算公式，所得公式具有一定的适用性，这对于我国较浅水域扩散器的设计具有重要的指导意义。     

珠江广州西航道农药污染事故监测结果分析

在受敌敌畏农药（DDVP）污染的珠江广州河段内采样监测，通过数据分析，探讨了珠江水体的稀释能力，对其水体状况进行评价。结果显示，经过30h的稀释混合，受污染的水体水质恢复正常。证明了目前珠江广州河段水体状况良好，纳污能力强。     

Effect of TiO2 surface properties on the SCR activity of NOx emission abatement catalyst

NOx emission abatement catalysts V2O5 supported on various TiO2 including anatase, rutile and mixture of both were investigated with various physico-chemical measurements such as BET, NH3-TPD, NARP, XRD and so on, and the effect of TiO2 surface properties on the SCR (selective catalytic reduction) activity of V20s/TiO2 catalysts was studied. It was found that the TiO2 surface properties had strong affect on the SCR activity of V2Os/TiO2 catalysts. The stronger acidic property resulted in the higher exposure of active sites as well as the higher SCR activity.     

一种分离培养硫酸盐还原菌的改进方法

On the base of the characteristics of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) growth and dish cultivated method, a new method for isolation and cultivation of SRB is established. It is dilution spread and repeat dish sandwish cultivated method with the exellence of dilution spread and embeded growth, and it can help separation and identification of SRB. The method has simple operation and less equipment. And using this method, the natural SRB drop was successfully gained, and small agar pieces containing SRB drop were acquired in easiness. The brief SRB transfering operation in strict anaerobic condition was in-deed realized. Fig 1, Ref 7.     

秸秆直接还田和炭化还田对红壤酸度、养分和交换性能的动态影响

为比较秸秆直接还田和炭化还田对亚热带典型红壤酸度、养分及交换性能的动态影响,试验以水稻和油菜秸秆为材料,设置7个盆栽处理:空白(CK)、水稻秸秆直接还田(R1B0)、水稻秸秆350℃炭化还田(R1B1)、水稻秸秆550℃炭化还田(R1B2)、油菜秸秆直接还田(R2B0)、油菜秸秆350℃炭化还田(R2B1)和油菜秸秆550℃炭化还田(R2B2),秸秆按1%和相应的生物质炭施入土壤,进行水稻培育试验.在水稻秧苗期、分蘖期、灌浆期和成熟期这4个时期采集土壤,分析土壤酸度、养分和交换性能的动态变化.结果表明,红壤pH、 NH~+_4-N和NO~-_3-N含量随生长期呈现减小的趋势,而有机质、CEC和各交换性盐基离子呈现增加的趋势.秸秆直接还田和炭化还田均提高土壤pH,降低交换性酸总量,同时提高有机质含量及交换性能,且作用效果随生长期增大.成熟期时秸秆炭化还田对各项指标的作用效果均好于秸秆直接还田,秸秆原料和炭化温度对各项土壤性质的影响不同,油菜秸秆生物质炭在提高土壤pH、有机质和CEC含量方面略好于水稻秸秆生物质炭.土壤酸度、养分含量和交换性能等因子的相关分析表明,土壤交换性酸与有机质呈极显著负相关关系(R=-0.912,P0.01),与CEC呈显著负相关关系(R=-0.866,P0.05),CEC和有机质呈显著正相关关系(R=0.833,P0.05),说明三者之间密切相关.研究表明,秸秆直接还田和炭化还田均可以达到改良土壤酸性和提高养分含量的效果,在等量秸秆情况下,秸秆炭化还田对阻控土壤酸化、提高有机质含量和CEC的效果比秸秆直接还田较为明显.     

Determinations of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) isomers in channel catfish, crayfish, hen eggs and fish feeds from China by isotopic dilution LC-MS/MS

HBCD is widely used brominated flame retardant, which is increasingly reported in the environment. A new isotopic dilution LC-MS/MS method was developed to determine three HBCD isomers, α-, β- and γ-HBCD in channel catfish, crayfish, hen eggs and fish feeds in this study, and especially for the first time HBCD isomers composition in crayfish, hen eggs and fish feeds. Soxhlet extractor and GPC cleanup were used, some important steps and crucial parameters were modified and intensified compared with other literatures, and LC and MS/MS conditions were optimized. The limits of quantitation values of 0.01, 0.005 and 0.005 ng g⁻¹ wet weight in channel catfish and crayfish were calculated for three HBCD isomers, respectively; so did 0.1, 0.05 and 0.05 ng g⁻¹ wet weight in eggs and 0.2, 0.1, 0.1 ng g⁻¹ wet weight in fish feeds. Recoveries of α-HBCD, β-HBCD and γ-HBCD were ranged between 75% and 105% for these productions at medium and high-level spiked samples, and between 60% and 85% at low-level spiked samples. The established methods were therefore suitable for the determinations of three HBCD isomers in these productions at trace contamination levels. Moreover, thirty commercial channel catfish, crayfish, hen eggs and fish feeds samples collected from local markets, and thirty home-produced hen eggs from private owners in Hubei province of China, were analyzed to determine whether these productions were contaminated by HBCD. Using the established methods, HBCD emerged in 4 of 30 fish feeds and 3 of 30 home-produced eggs, and in low-ng g⁻¹ wet weight.     

大气气溶胶酸度的研究进展

大气气溶胶的环境效应、气候效应和健康效应均与气溶胶的物理化学性质直接相关,其中大气气溶胶酸度是其重要的性质之一。大气气溶胶酸度对酸沉降、灰霾的形成具有重要作用,并影响大气非均相化学反应,相关研究已成为国际研究的热点。对国内外学者近年来在大气气溶胶酸度对大气环境与人体健康的影响、大气气溶胶酸度的影响因素与变化规律、大气气溶胶酸度/酸化缓冲能力的测定与计算方法、大气气溶胶酸性成分采集系统等方面的研究进展作了较系统的综述,并对大气气溶胶酸度研究未来的发展进行了展望。