污泥-煤复合燃料的成型干化工艺研究

为实现污泥的能源化利用,采用成型干化工艺制备污泥-煤复合燃料,研究了不同污泥含水率,添加比例,冷压成型压力等因素对复合燃料成型的影响,以及不同温度条件下复合燃料的干化特点.结果表明较好的工艺条件为:污泥初始含水率60%~70%,成型时固含70%~80%.10~30MPa范围内成型压力对落下强度影响较小.制备得到的成型燃料的落下强度可达到采用商用黏结剂制备得到的型煤水平. 混合成型后的污泥复合燃料,和污泥相比明显有利于水分的扩散和挥发,可在室温及不高于100℃条件下可以得到快速干化,实现污泥脱水及能源化利用的目的.     

Exploring the ‘Birch effect’ in reservoir sediments: influence of inundation history on aerobic nutrient release

The release of nutrients on wetting (‘the Birch effect’) is well documented for terrestrial soils. The effect for aquatic sediments has received much less attention. An extreme drawdown event in a large reservoir during a period of drought presented an opportunity to test whether or not reflooding dried sediments would be a source of nutrients to the overlying water column. Wetting and drying history influences the release of ammonium, but not oxides of nitrogen, organic nitrogen, filterable reactive phosphorus or total phosphorus, from dried sediments following re-wetting. Dried reservoir sediments that have never, or have only rarely, been desiccated since the 1920s produced a pulse of ammonium on re-inundation. Conversely, dried sediments from parts of the reservoir that undergo frequent wetting and drying cycles do not release substantial amounts of ammonium on rewetting.     

污泥处理热干燥工艺的研究进展

介绍了国外污泥热干燥工艺的现状和干燥设备的类型,阐述了热干燥方法,包括对撞流干燥、过热蒸汽干燥、燃气红外辐射干燥、间壁式热干燥和流化干燥等,及其在污泥干燥中的应用原理和发展。并分析了污泥干燥处理技术综合利用的几种途径和发展趋势,认为污泥热干燥技术拓展了污泥的处置手段,为污泥的安全、可靠利用与处理提供了保障。     

DRYING UP OF THE YELLOW RIVER &ITS WATER RESOURCE BEARING CAPACITY

ＴｈｅＹｅｌｌｏｗＲｉｖｅｒｉｓｄｅａｒｌｙｃａｌｌｅｄ“ｔｈｅｃｒａｄｌｅｏｆｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｃｉｖｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ”ａｎｄ“ｔｈｅＭｏｔｈｅｒＲｉｖｅｒｔｏｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｎａｔｉｏｎ” ,ｆｏｒｉｔｈａｓｎｕｒｔｕｒｅｄｏｕｒａｎｃｅｓｔｏｒｓａｎｄｂｒｅａｓｔ ｆｅｄｔｈｅｉｒｏｆｆｓｐｒｉｎｇ .Ｓｉｎｃｅ 1972 ,ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｔｈｅｒｉｖｅｒｈａｓｂｅｅｎｓｕｆｆｅｒｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｌｙｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｄｒｙｉｎｇｕｐ .Ｉｎｆａｃｔ,ｉｔｈａｓｇｒａｄｕａｌｌｙｔ…     

Refrigeration waste heat utilization for drying applications: a review

ABSTRACT

Cold chain industry has a vast potential for waste heat recovery. It is a matter of importance for energy efficiency point of view, as global energy demand is increasing day by day. Ample amount of low-grade energy is either unutilized or underutilized. The heat rejected by a Heat pump or refrigeration system emerged as a promising solution for dehydration by utilizing low-grade waste heat despite higher investment. As compared to solar drying technology, heat pump drying evolved as a reliable method regarding better process control, energy efficiency, and quality of the product to be dried. Energy utilized through the refrigeration system’s waste/exhaust heat recovery in combination with or without renewable energy source enhances the overall efficiency of the system and also reduces the cost. This useful review investigated and compared the research findings of waste heat utilization through heat pump and from condenser of refrigeration system on laboratory, pilot as well as industrial scale for drying of various fruits, vegetables, and agro products. Various drying parameters like drying rate, moisture content, Specific Moisture Extraction Rate (SMER), Coefficient of Performance (COP), Exergy efficiency, and temperature as well as humidity conditions inside the drying chamber were also reviewed to promote the technological advancement of energy utilization by commercial cold storage waste heat recovery.     

接触式污泥干化过程中SO_2吸收率的动态变化

根据接触式污泥干化工艺的实际运行参数,通过模拟试验,研究了污泥在干化过程中对烟气中二氧化硫(SO2)吸收率的动态变化及其影响因素,并对导致吸收率变化的原因进行了理论分析.结果表明,污泥对SO2的吸收率随干化温度的升高和气体流速的增大而减小,含水率为55%和75%的污泥对SO2的吸收率分别从干化温度80℃的16.0%和25.0%降至干化温度160℃的6.0%和7.0%,这是因为干化温度升高和气体流速增大,促使污泥水分加速蒸发,从而影响SO2从气相通过气膜向气液界面传递和扩散的过程,最终导致污泥对SO2吸收率的下降;污泥对SO2的吸收率随SO2浓度的增加没有明显的变化;污泥吸收SO2后,pH值降低表明了污泥吸收SO2发生了酸碱中和反应,污泥红外光谱证明污泥对烟气中SO2的吸收是一个化学吸收过程.     

炼油厂剩余活性污泥综合利用可行性分析

针对目前炼油企业在剩余活性污泥处置过程中存在费用高、负担重及资源浪费等问题,选择典型代表企业进行采样分析,结果表明:与目前常用处置技术对比,污泥热干化后回用于锅炉做辅助燃料是可行的,同时也是目前较佳的综合利用方式。     

可燃药筒吸水性研究

采用称量法研究了某卷制结构可燃药筒干燥脱水特性和吸水特性,筒壁材料的干燥失水率与干燥时间的关系,平衡吸水量与环境湿度的关系以及试样厚度对吸水速率的影响.结果表明,可燃药筒筒壁在烘干条件下失水达到恒定的时间以及在常温潮湿环境下达到湿度平衡的时间随试样厚度的增加而延长;在潮湿环境中的平衡吸水量随环境的相对湿度增加而增加,在...     

木薯酒糟沼气发酵污泥生物干燥条件优化

利用生物干燥方法,通过添加微生物菌剂,将木薯酒糟沼气发酵后污泥进行干燥实验.利用响应面法对影响污泥干燥工艺的条件进行优化,确定生物干燥过程中接种量、通风量、温度对物料含水率的影响.最后得到在接种量1.5％、通风量6.5 L/h、温度36℃时,固态发酵96 h物料含水率可降到30％以下.     

颗粒污泥的风干过程及其结构特征

采用SBR反应器培养丝状菌颗粒污泥,反应器运行第18、23、27 d依次出现普通好氧活性污泥黄色颗粒、黑色丝状真菌颗粒,及具有光滑表面的白色微丝菌颗粒.对出现的以上3种颗粒污泥进行风干实验,分析了不同类型颗粒表面结合自由水和毛细水的分布特性：丝状菌形成的黑色和白色颗粒表面结合的自由水分别为79%和83%,而传统的以细菌...