ClO2氧化法预处理联苯胺类染料中间体废水

采用ClO₂氧化法预处理联苯胺类染料中间体生产废水,探讨了影响COD和联苯胺去除率的主要因素,并采用GC/MS技术对ClO₂氧化前后废水中的有机组分进行了分析。实验确定了较佳的工艺参数：ClO₂加入量为45~55 mg/L,ClO₂与联苯胺的化学计量比控制在（3.0~3.5）∶1,反应时间为 30~35 min。在此条件下,ClO₂氧化后出水中联苯胺去除率达到80%以上,联苯胺类污染物含量得到有效降低,废水BOD₅/COD由原水的0.18提高到0.40。该方法能提高废水的可生化性,是一种较好的生化预处理技术。     

Fenton试剂氧化法处理染料结晶废母液

采用Fenton试剂氧化法处理分散橙、分散紫和分散蓝3种染料结晶废母液。研究了H₂O₂加入量、n（H₂O₂）#x02236;n（Fe²⁺）和废母液pH对COD去除率或TOC去除率的影响。对TOC去除反应分段进行了动力学方程拟合,并探讨了反应机理。实验得到的分散橙、分散紫和分散蓝的废母液处理工艺条件：H₂O₂加入量分别为264.4,352.9,441.2mmol/L;n（H₂O₂）#x02236;n（Fe²⁺）分别为20,10,20;废母液pH=3。3种废母液在0~20min和20~120min两个阶段的反应与二级动力学拟合方程的相关性最好。3种废母液经Fenton试剂氧化处理后,部分有机物降解为小分子有机酸,部分有机物完全矿化。     

A method for the determination of rhodamine b and brilliant sulfaflavine on cotton string collectors and in a spray tank solution mixture

Abstract

A fluorescent method for the determination of rhodamine B (RhB) and brilliant sulfaflavine (BSF) dual tracers on cotton string collectors and in spray tank solutions was developed for the evaluation of the effects of adjuvants on the atmospheric drift of agricultural sprays. Both tracers on collectors were extracted with deionized water simultaneously and measured directly with a Fluorescent Specrometer by switching the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths. The linear ranges of the RhB and BSF standard curves were 0–50 and 0–10 ppb respectively. Recoveries of tracers on cotton strings ranged from 92.9% ± 1.1% to 95.1% ± 1.0% for RhB and 91.9% ± 2.8% to 103% ± 0.6% for BSF when spiked levels ranged from 0.25 to 2.5 μg per collector. The detection limit of the instrument was approximately 0.1 ppb for both tracers. The detection limits of the analytical method were approximately 0.1 ppb for RhB and 0.3 ppb for BSF when the background levels of cotton strings were subtracted. The presence of one tracer in the solution did not significantly interfere with the detection of the other tracer in the same solution. The presence of adjuvants added to the spray tank solutions did not interfere with the detection of both tracers when the adjuvants were applied at the manufacturer's maximum recommendation rates.     

UASB反应器降解活性染料废水的特性

中温（35±1）℃条件下,采用上流式厌氧污泥床（upflowanaerobicsludgebed,简称UASB）反应器处理了含蒽醌类-活性艳蓝（c．I．ReactiveBlue5,简称K—GR）或偶氮类-活性艳红（C．I．ReactiveRed20,简称KD-8B;C．I．ReactiveRed2,简称X-3B）模拟染料废水,重点研究了回流比对染料脱色率和COD去除率的影响,在最佳回流比的条件下,探讨HRT（hydraulicretentiontime）对脱色的影响和不同结构染料的脱色效果,并初步分析了脱色机理。结果表明,适宜的回流比有利于提高系统的脱色率;控制回流比和HRT分别为2和24h,当模拟废水中染料的浓度为100mg／L时,COD去除率和脱色率分别为90％～96％和85％～92％;蒽醌和偶氮类染料的脱色是通过偶氮键和葸醌共轭结构的断裂来实现的。     

生物活性炭法深度处理印染废水及其生物毒性的表征

采用负载经驯化后微生物的活性炭深度处理实际印染废水,研究生物活性炭系统中存在的生物相及其降解有机污染物的作用,并表征了处理后印染废水的生物毒性.结果表明,生物相中含有草履虫、轮虫及钟虫等原生动物.随着运行次数的增加,活性炭反应器在运行5次后出水的COD、NH3-N及色度去除率骤降,但是生物活性炭处理后出水的COD、NH3-N及色度去除率缓慢下降.生物活性炭能很好地降解印染废水中的苯酚类和稠环芳烃污染物.本研究中生物活性炭反应器对氨氮和COD的去除符合一级动力学方程,去除动力学常数分别为1.02和0.96.经过生物活性炭的处理可以将印染废水的生物毒性降到适于小球藻生长的水平.     

Photocatalytic degradation of disperse blue 1 using UV/TiO2/H2O2 process

The photocatalytic degradation of a dye derivative, C.I. disperse blue 1 (1), has been investigated under UV light irradiation in the presence of TiO2 and H2O2 under a variety of conditions. The degradation was studied by monitoring the change in substrate concentration employing UV spectroscopic technique as a function of irradiation time. The degradation was studied under different conditions such as different types of TiO2, reaction pH, catalyst and substrate concentration containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), besides molecular oxygen in the presence of TiO2. The degradation of dye was also investigated under sunlight and the efficiency of degradation was compared with that of the artificial light source. The degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by all the above parameters. The photocatalyst Degussa P25 was found to be more efficient for the degradation of the dye.     

蒽醌染料中间体溴氨酸降解酶的特性

从污染地分离筛选出的菌株BX26对蒽醌染料中间体溴氨酸有显著的降解脱色作用,降解过程受降解酶的控制,试验结果表明,降解酶为溴氨酸诱导的胞外酶,该酶在温度高于50℃处理后失活,盐度对该酶失活有影响,盐度高于1%会显著降低该酶活力,酶对溴氨酸的催化脱色要有氧参加,氮气气氛中酶活受抑制。     

三种偶氮染料降解历程在紫外-可见光谱上的表现

本文对基本结构相似的三种偶氮染料橙黄Ⅱ、活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ和活性黑Ｋ－ＢＲ水溶液在铁粉还原－光氧化两步法处理中的紫外－可见光谱图作对比分析,依据其结构与特征吸收的关系,初步推测还原铁粉－光氧化法降解染料的历程。     

活性染料染色模拟液的电化学混凝研究

本文以铁电极电解装置处理活性翠篮K-GL及活性红M-8B染料染色模拟液,研究了电流密度,溶液pH值同模拟液脱色率及COD去除率的关系,同时还考察了PVA对于模拟液脱色及去除COD的影响。     

NKY树脂吸附水溶性染料的研究

研究了新型树ＮＫＹ对７种水溶性染料的静态吸附特性，结果表明，该树脂对水溶性染料的吸附具有特性效，通过三常数方程非线性回归实验数据可求出吸附过程的△Ｇ＾０，说明ＮＫＹ对染料的第一层吸附为物理和化学作用并存在的过程，多层吸附为典型的物理吸附。由分民比和温度关系曲线可求得△Ｈ＾０，推导出的标准自由熵为正值，说明吸附是自发进行的。