充分发挥作物品种资源在粮食增产中的作用

我国十分重视品种资源的收集保存和研究利用，并利用各种优异品种资源育成一批又一批新品种，主要粮食作物推广的品种经历了４～５次更换，随之粮食作物产量由５０年代的１１５５ｋｇ／ｈm₂增加到１９９４年的４０６５ｋｇ／ｈm₂。迄今，我国收集的粮食作物品种资源约２４万份，并对其中２０万份进行了主要农艺性状、品质、抗逆、抗病虫鉴定和评价，筛选出大量具有优良性状的资源，有的已在我国粮食增产中发挥了明显作用，应充分利用新技术，加速现有粮食作物品种资源的鉴定和开发利用；根据生产和育种的需要，不断收集新资源，深入鉴定筛选优良资源；并创造新物种或中间材料。     

广东省危险废物处置设施与管理现状及对策

文章对广东省危险废物的产生与流向、处置设施建设、工艺技术、污染防治以及管理等现状及存在问题进行调查分析，针对所存在的问题，并结合规划要求，从管理、技术发展、处理处置设施建设和运营等方面提出较为系统的危险废物污染防治对策。     

危险废物分类、识别、监控一体化管理技术研究概述

研究运用环境统计信息系统(ESIS),建立黑龙江省典型危险废物的数据库系统,使其具备系统、完善的查询与追踪功能;提出危险废物易燃性、腐蚀性、反应性和毒性方面定量化的定义,建立基于危险废物成分分析基础上的分类体系,使危险废物的处理与处置具有良好的可操作性;开发危险废物在线识别技术,促进对危险废物进行监管及预警的时效性和有效性;运用GPS、GSM、GPRS、GIS、计算机网络通信和数据处理等监控技术,实施对危险废物运输车辆的远程在线监控;提出危险废物收集、贮存、分离、运输、处理、处置、回收利用过程中的管理法律、法规,促进危险废物全过程管理的有效实现.     

电子废弃物的特点

电子废弃物资源化研究是一项新型而紧迫的课题，它具有数量多、危害大、潜在价值高、回收利用困难的特点，必须对电子废弃物予以高度关注。     

综合利用“三废”资源

辽阳石油化纤公司在消化、吸收引进技术的同时．结合生产实际，对环境进行综合治理，至点抓了“三废”资源化，能源化和无害化工作，找出了适合本企业综合利用的有效途径，形成了从科研开发到试制生产的综合利用体系，取得了显著的经济效益、环使效益和社会效益。     

科特迪瓦毒垃圾事件对中国危险废物进口管理的启示

科特迪瓦当地的承包商将数百吨来自荷兰的毒垃圾非法倾倒在阿比让的居民区附近,造成7人死亡,3.6万人出现不良症状,其政府也因此集体辞职.随着发达国家危险废物处置费用越来越高,其危险废物非法越境转移至发展中国家将越来越多.巴塞尔公约是控制危险废物非法越境转移的最重要的全球性环境条约.对科特迪瓦毒垃圾事件涉及的国际环境法问题进行分析,并讨论其对中国加强危险废物进口环境管理的启示.     

Anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes in a single-phased anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(ASBR) with gas-phased absorb of CO2

IntroductionThereisanever increasingquantityofkitchenwasteswiththeincreasingpopulationandlivingconditionsinChina .Kitchenwasteshaveahighproportionof 5 0 %— 70 %amongmunicipalsolidwastes.TakingthecityofShanghaiforexample,thegenerationofkitchenwastesamount…     

Genetically Modified (GM) Crops: Precautionary Science and Conflicts of Interests

Risk governance of GM plants and GMfood products is presently subject to heatedscientific and public controversies. Scientistsand representatives of the biotechnologyindustry have dominated debates concerningsafety issues. The public is suspicious withregard to the motives of scientists, companies,and political institutions involved. Thedilemmas posed are nested, embracing valuequestions, scientific uncertainty, andcontextual issues. The obvious lack of data andinsufficient information concerning ecologicaleffects call for application of thePrecautionary Principle (PP). There are,however, divergent opinions among scientistsabout the relevance of putative hazards,definition of potential ``adverse effects,' andwhether actions should be taken to preventharm. The reliance on the concept ofsubstantial equivalence in safety evaluation ofGM food is equally controversial. Consequently,value assumptions embedded in a scientificframework may be a barrier for employment ofthe PP. One of our major conclusions is thatprecautionary GMP usage requires riskassessment criteria yet undeveloped, as well asbroader and more long-term conceptions of risk,uncertainty, and ignorance. Conflicts ofinterest and public participation are otherissues that need to be taken intoconsideration. GMP governance regimes that arejustifiable from a precautionary and ethicalpoint of view must transcend traditionalscientific boundaries to include alternativescientific perspectives as well as publicinvolvement.     

You Are What You Eat: Genetically Modified Foods, Integrity, and Society

Thus far, the moral debateconcerning genetically modified foods (GMF) hasfocused on extrinsic consequentialist questionsabout the health effects, environmental impacts,and economic benefits of such foods. Thisextrinsic approach to the morality of GMF isdependent on unsubstantiated empirical claimsand fails to account for the intrinsic moralvalue of food and food choice and theirconnection to the agent's concept of the goodlife. I develop a set of objections to GMFgrounded in the concept of integrity andmaintain that food and food choice can beintimately connected to the agent's personalintegrity. I argue that due to the constitutionof GMF and the manner in which they areproduced, such foods are incompatible with thefundamental values and integrity of certainindividual moral agents or groups. I identifythree types of integrity that are threatened byGMF: religious, consumer, and integrity basedon certain other moral or metaphysical grounds.I maintain that these types of integrity aresufficiently important to provide justificationfor political and societal actions to protectthe interests of those affected. I conclude byproposing specific steps for handling GMFconsistent with the moral principles ofinformed consent, non-maleficence, and respectfor the integrity of all members of society.They include mandatory labeling of GMF, theimplementation of a system for control andregulations concerning such foods, andguaranteed provision of conventional foods.     

Hamburgers and the Rainforest – a Review of Issues and Evidence

This paper examines the relationship between North American beef consumption and deforestation in South and Central America. Some writers have argued that consumption of hamburgers in North America, particularly hamburgers consumed in fast food restaurants, contributes to the depletion of the rainforest in South and Central America. We survey the published policy literature on the causes of rainforest depletion in the region. We also review the published estimates of the rate and extent of clearing of rainforest that has occurred in South and Central America since 1970. Finally, we review the data on beef imports and consumption in Canada and the United States in a effort to assess the importance of South and Central America as suppliers of beef to the North American market. We conclude that the relationship between beef consumption in North America should not be considered an important cause of forest depletion in South and Central America. Domestic policies and market forces in the countries where rainforests are located are the leading causes of rainforest depletion in this region. This lesson seems to have been lost on some popular and even some textbook writers on this subject. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.