石崆山Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡稳定性的有限单元法(FEM)分析评价

岩质高边坡是常见的自然地质环境问题和重要的岩土工程问题之一,涉及工程地质学、岩体力学问题。针对漳州—龙岩高速公路石崆Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡稳定性问题,采用有限单元法(FEM)进行计算分析。计算分析结果表明石崆山Ⅱ号段岩质高边坡是稳定安全的。有限单元法在岩质高边坡稳定性的计算分析中的应用,正处在完善和发展之中。它的计算分析正确与否或精确程度,很大程度上取决于对边坡岩体工程地质条件的正确理解和归纳概化,取决于计算参数的合理客观选取。     

张八岭岩群的地质特征及其划分建议

本文从中晚元古代张八岭岩群的原岩、变形变质、岩石化学、同位素年龄，沉积一火山喷发旋回（韵律），岩石能干性差异及与上覆、下伏层位接触关系等方面讨论了其地质特征、并在与现有文献资料对比的基础上，根据1／5万张八岭幅、珠龙幅区域地质调查路线和剖面资料．提出了对张八岭岩群重新划分建组的建议。     

斗笠山煤矿区地质构造与岩溶塌陷分布的关系研究

湘中地区分布许多含煤向斜盆地,煤田开采过程中由于突水及疏排地下水引起岩溶塌陷,产生了一系列环境地质问题。斗笠山矿区为一不规则的三角形复式向斜汇水盆地,水文地质务件复杂,本区构成了五个塌陷带。文章对五个塌陷带的地质构造进行了研究,早二叠世末期的东吴运动,在区内对古岩溶的控制十分明显。地质构造复杂地段,往往是岩溶异常发育地带。斗笠山向斜西南翼处于斗笠山向斜转折端,岩溶塌陷发育,斗笠山煤矿泉塘一带,既是多条断裂交汇处,又是次级背斜轴部和倾伏端,密集的构造使岩层破碎和裂隙发育,岩溶塌陷发育强烈。     

苏锡常地区城市化进程中的环境地质问题

本文在前几年地质大调查和地质专项研究成果的基础上，总结了长江三角洲苏锡常地区城市化进程中出现的环境地质问题及其危害性。主要表现在：水土污染、区域地下水位下降、地面沉降、软土变形与地基失稳等方面。     

酸雨(水)对地质环境的影响研究及其意义

酸雨沉降对地质环境产生危害.地质体(岩石、矿物)为酸雨敏感性研究不可或缺的组成部分.开展地质环境对酸雨危害降解效应的研究具有重要的理论与现实意义.     

Environmental–geochemical characteristics of Cu in the soil and water in copper-rich deposit area of southeastern Hubei Province, along the middle Yangtze River, Central China

In this study, the natural Cu background concentration and Cu natural and anthropogenic contamination in soil, water and crop were investigated systematically in Huangshi area. The results show that regional geology is the dominant factor controlling the natural Cu background concentration in soil and water, and that pH is important to control the vertical distribution of Cu in soil under the same geographical and climatic conditions. The mineralization of rock bodies causes the natural Cu increase in soil and water, whereas, a large number of mining–smelting plants and chemical works are the main sources of Cu anthropogenic contamination. Cu in naturally and anthropogenically polluted soil displays differences in total and available contents, vertical distribution patterns and physico-chemical properties, the same happens in water.     

Assessing land-use/water-quality relationships across contrasting geologic areas in New Jersey

In all, 13 stream water-quality parameters, including specific conductance (SC), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), three nutrients, and six major ions were compared between the northern bedrock and southern coastal plain regions of New Jersey, USA and related to watershed-disturbance gradients characterized by the percentage of urban land, impervious surface (IS), agriculture, and altered land (sum of urban land and agriculture) in the watersheds. SC, DO, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and chloride concentrations were greater in the north. DOC was higher and pH was lower in the south. Nutrient, potassium, and sulfate concentrations did not differ between regions. Regional water-quality differences are attributed to geologic setting and land use. Except for DO in southern streams, all water-quality parameters were related to urban land, agriculture, or both. Significant correlations between urban land and IS and water-quality variables were similar in both regions with differences in unitless correlation coefficients ranging from 0.00 to 0.06. Compared to urban land and agriculture, relationships between most water-quality variables and altered land were stronger in the south. The extent of urban and agricultural lands in the watersheds did not differ by region. Altered land was correlated with urban land in both regions and with agriculture only in the south. Although focused on New Jersey, this study has broader implications for watershed planning.     

瓦斯地质信息库设计及建立

总结了瓦斯地质信息的概念及基本特征,把瓦斯地质信息进行合理分类,并提出获取瓦斯地质信息的渠道、方式以及瓦斯地质信息质量评价方法。根据数据库的相关原理,在瓦斯地质理论的指导下,设计了钻孔、构造煤、瓦斯含量点、瓦斯突出点、断层等几种主要的瓦斯地质库的结构,并利用Visual C++开发了相应的程序,建立了瓦斯地质信息库。该信息库的设计及建立为实现瓦斯地质信息的管理和可视表达提供了支撑,并为分析瓦斯地质规律提供了一种新的手段。     

动态瓦斯地质预测算法研究与可视化应用

为实现煤矿瓦斯地质动态精准预测与可视化,基于煤层埋深、厚度、倾角、地质构造等多种因素,通过将相似的地质模块定义为同一微单元,在此基础上将反距离权重插值算法和递归邻域搜索策略与数据优化处理算法相结合,应用于瓦斯地质动态预测可视化系统开发。研究结果表明:根据递归邻域搜索算法模型开发的多级瓦斯地质图动态分析系统利用瓦斯地质基础数据可对矿井瓦斯含量、压力、涌出量等瓦斯赋存参数进行实时分析和计算,动态绘制散点图、等值线和区域预测图,使瓦斯区域预测图过渡更加平缓,显著提高预测的精准性及整体的显示效果,同时其制图耗时也无明显增加,可为高瓦斯矿井安全生产提供决策依据。     

强度折减系数法在学堂湾滑坡稳定性评价中的应用

基于强度折减系数的有限单元法不但满足力的平衡条件,而且考虑了材料的应力应变关系,使得计算结果更加精确合理.本文采用非线性有限元强度折减法对三峡库区三期地质灾害防治工程应急抢险紧急实施项目--学堂湾滑坡进行稳定性评价研究.研究结果表明,与传统刚体极限平衡法相比,该方法能够更有效地描述边坡破坏模式,而且通过研究边坡稳定分析所计算的安全系数以及通过最大剪切变形率的相关等值线可以查看破坏形态,更有助于理解滑体破坏机制.有限元强度折减系数法为滑坡稳定性评价提供了一条更为有效的途径.