赤潮研究的现状与展望

赤潮已成为一种严重的海洋灾害 ,引起沿海国家和地区的重视 ,并成为研究的热点。文章从赤潮发生的机理、赤潮管理与减灾等方面论述了赤潮研究的现状 ,并提出今后研究的重点。     

Geostatistical Uncertainty Modelling for the Environmental Hazard Assessment During Single Erosive Rainstorm Events

This paper presents an environmental hazard assessment to account the impacts of single rainstorm variability on river-torrential landscape identified as potentially vulnerable mainly to erosional soil degradation processes. An algorithm for the characterisation of this impact, called Erosive Hazard Index (EHI), is developed with a less expensive methodology. In EHI modelling, we assume that the river-torrential system has adapted to the natural hydrological regime, and a sudden fluctuation in this regime, especially those exceeding thresholds for an acceptable range of flexibility, may have disastrous consequences for the mountain environment. The hazard analysis links key rainstorm energy variables expressed as a single-storm erosion index (EI_sto), with impact thresholds identified using an intensity pattern model. Afterwards, the conditional probabilities of exceeding these thresholds are spatially assessed using non-parametric geostatistical techinques, known as indicator kriging. The approach was applied to a test site in river-torrential landscape of the Southern Italy (Benevento province) for 13 November 1997 rainstorm event.     

Mitigation and adaptation synergy in forest sector

Mitigation and adaptation are the two main strategies to address climate change. Mitigation and adaptation have been considered separately in the global negotiations as well as literature. There is a realization on the need to explore and promote synergy between mitigation and adaptation while addressing climate change. In this paper, an attempt is made to explore the synergy between mitigation and adaptation by considering forest sector, which on the one hand is projected to be adversely impacted under the projected climate change scenarios and on the other provide opportunities to mitigate climate change. Thus, the potential and need for incorporating adaptation strategies and practices in mitigation projects is presented with a few examples. Firstly, there is a need to ensure that mitigation programs or projects do not increase the vulnerability of forest ecosystems and plantations. Secondly, several adaptation practices could be incorporated into mitigation projects to reduce vulnerability. Further, many of the mitigation projects indeed reduce vulnerability and promote adaptation, for example; forest and biodiversity conservation, protected area management and sustainable forestry. Also, many adaptation options such as urban forestry, soil and water conservation and drought resistant varieties also contribute to mitigation of climate change. Thus, there is need for research and field demonstration of synergy between mitigation and adaptation, so that the cost of addressing climate change impacts can be reduced and co-benefits increased.     

油气田开发与炼化企业硫化氢危害分析与预防

分析了油田开发和炼油化工生产过程中H2S的分布区域、特点及危害.通过对66起H2S中毒事故的分析,指出在设备及管线的吹扫、堵漏、拆卸、安装作业过程中较易发生H2S中毒事故;事故主要是由于违章及误操作以及对H2S的毒害认识不够、安全意识差引起的.从管理措施、技术支持、人员培训、应急救援等方面提出了预防H2S中毒的措施.     

公害民事责任三论

当今，公害已成为公众十分关注的社会问题之一。为维护我国公民的合法权益，我国环境保护法律体系中，对公害造成的社会性危害作了具体规定，文章对民事责任基本从三方面作了比较系统完整的探讨。公害民事责任的法律规定。公害民事责任的特点，公害民事责任与资源破坏民事责任的关系，在公害民事责任与一般民事责任关系的分析中，阐述了追公害民事责任的法律依据和公害民事责任是一种特殊的侵权的民事责任的特性。     

云南省利用水泥回转窑处置危险废物的前景

利用独特的设备和水泥窑的工艺特点,用废物代替水泥生产中的原材料,合理处置危险废物,使环境治理和循环经济达到有效的结合,是一项废物处理和资源化的新途径,是水泥生产企业可持续发展的方向之一,具有广阔的发展前景。     

宁夏煤田火灾的危害及综合治理研究

针对宁夏回族自治区煤田火灾的状况，指出了宁夏煤田火灾所造成的环境、地质及社会灾害，并根据宁夏煤田火灾的情况，进行了系统的分析，对灭火方法进行了研究和探讨。     

用镁合金促进兵器装备轻量化

概述了兵器装备轻量化的意义、镁合金的性能特点 ,介绍了镁合金在兵器上应用的实例 ,指出了镁合金在兵器上应用存在的问题 ,分析了镁合金在兵器上应用的前景 ,对镁合金在兵器上的应用工作提出了若干建议     

云南蒙自县新建小区室内空气污染调查及防治措施探讨

对蒙自县新建小区11户33个点室内环境空气中的游离甲醛、氨、苯进行了监测，游离甲醛和苯均超过标准。对有害物质的来源、危害及防治进行了讨论。     

上海市中春路建设用地地质灾害危险性评估及防治对策

为减少公路工程建设项目和地质灾害之间相互影响．工程建设之前必须对工程建设用地存在的地质灾害进行评估。结合上海市环境地质特征及中春路道路工程的特点。对工程遭受地面沉降等地质灾害、工程建设诱发加剧地质灾害的可能性作了分析。并提出相应的防治对策。