金厂沟梁金矿冬季防冻通风系统的研究

利用地温预热入风流技术，设计了金厂沟梁金矿冬季防冻通风系统。系统运行后，各提升井内温度均达+2℃以上，防止了提升井结冰，保证了安全生产。     

中国水产品质量安全与有机水产养殖探讨

随着中国水产养殖业的迅速发展。养殖水体环境污染、药物滥用等因素导致了常规水产品质量不断下降。有机水产养殖作为一种可持续发展模式。旨在实现水产健康安全养殖与生态环境保护的协调发展。是2l世纪中国水产健康养殖的发展方向和必然趋势。本文阐述了有机水产养殖的内涵和基本原则。探讨了中国有机水产养殖的兴起与发展现状。并就如何保证水产健康发展提出了若干建议。     

腐殖酸强化六氯苯厌氧降解规律及其中间产物

为探索厌氧条件下HA(腐殖酸)对HCB(六氯苯)降解的影响,通过构建ρ(HA)为0(HA₀)、120(HA₁₂₀)及200(HA₂₀₀)mg/L厌氧发酵体系,利用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)对ρ(HCB)及中间产物进行测定. 结果表明:发酵系统运行72 h后,HA₀、HA₁₂₀、HA₂₀₀处理中HCB降解率分别为13.0％、16.5％和17.4％,表明HA可以促进HCB的降解,并且随ρ(HA)的增加,降解效果越好,但降解效率增幅降低. 对HCB脱氯中间产物的分析发现,PeCB(五氯苯)、TeCB(四氯苯)、TCB(三氯苯)和DCB(二氯苯)均有检出;在发酵的前12 h,ρ(DCB)快速增加,发酵72 h后HA₀、HA₁₂₀、HA₂₀₀处理中ρ(DCB)分别为50.6、51.0和57.6 μg/L,明显高于其他中间产物,表明DCB是HCB脱氯的限速中间体;对DCB进行同分异构体分析表明,DCB的同分异构体有1,2-DCB、1,3-DCB和1,4-DCB三种,发酵结束后HA₀、HA₁₂₀和HA₂₀₀处理中ρ(1,4-DCB)最高,分别为22.0、17.2和18.7 μg/L,1,4-DCB为HCB降解的主要中间产物. 研究显示,通过调控厌氧发酵体系内HA的含量可达到强化HCB脱氯的目的.      

离子液体非加氢脱氮技术的研究进展

分析了离子液体的脱氮原理,并按阴离子类型对其进行了分类,着重介绍了各类离子液体在油品非加氢脱氮中的应用。相对于其他非加氢脱氮技术,离子液体脱氮技术具有选择性高、化学及热稳定性高、操作工艺简单、易回收、污染少、脱氮率高等优点。进一步提高离子液体的重复使用性、稳定性、选择性和降低其生产成本是该领域今后研究工作的主要目标。     

非等压下考虑渗流和剪胀的圆巷围岩弹塑性统一解

对于富水地层中深埋圆形巷道,为研究多种因素影响下巷道围岩塑性区范围和洞周位移的变化规律,对巷道围岩进行了弹塑性理论分析。对围岩应力场和渗流场进行耦合分析,基于统一强度理论和非关联流动法则,推导出多种因素影响下深埋圆形巷道围岩应力、位移和塑性区半径的解析计算式。结合工程实例进行计算分析,结果表明:中间主应力参数、围岩侧压系数、初始孔隙水压和剪胀角对围岩塑性区径向位移和塑性区范围均有显著影响,但影响规律各不相同;考虑中间主应力作用时,其他各因素的影响效应减弱。综合考虑以上各因素对围岩稳定性的影响,计算结果更加接近工程实际情况。     

Consequential cognition: Exploring how attribution theory sheds new light on the firm‐level consequences of product recalls

It is unclear why some firms suffer greater negative consequences than others following a product recall. To shed light on this question, we extend attribution theory to the firm level to explore how consumers engage in an attributional process following product recalls that shapes their responses to firms. Integrating attribution theory and the demand side theoretical perspective, we assert that consumer judgments of responsibility toward manufacturers are shaped by causal data regarding the locus of causality (i.e., manufacturer or supplier) and controllability (i.e., prior knowledge or awareness) of a recalled product's potential for harm. We then examine the impact of product recall characteristics on judgments of responsibility and firm‐level outcomes using an experimental test involving responses from 320 subjects. Our findings suggest that judgments of responsibility are attributed to the manufacturing firm more when consumers are given causal information indicating that the firm is the source of, or is aware of, a product's defects. The results also indicate that judgments of responsibility can have costly firm‐level consequences in the form of reputational damage, diminished consumer purchase intentions, and increased legal damage recommendations. We discuss theoretical contributions, practical implications, and opportunities for further research.     

Provisional drivers' perceptions of the impact of displaying P plates

Objective: P plates (or decals) identify a driver's license status to other road users. They are a compulsory part of the graduated driver licensing system in Queensland, Australia, for drivers on a P1 (provisional 1) or P2 (provisional 2) license. This study explored the perceptions of young drivers regarding the display of P plates (decals) in Queensland, Australia.

Methods: In this study, 226 young drivers with a provisional (intermediate/restricted) license completed a 30-min online survey between October 2013 and June 2014. t Tests were used to compare the opinions of people who displayed their plates nearly always with those who displayed them less frequently.

Results: Participants approved of the requirement to display P plates with 69% of those on a P1 license and 79% on a P2 license supporting the condition to display P1 (red) plates. Participants on a P1 license (62%) and a P2 license (68%) also approved the requirement to display P2 (green) plates. However, young drivers also perceived that the display of P plates (measured from 1 = never to 5 = nearly all the time) enabled newly licensed drivers to be targeted by police and other drivers (those who do not always display P plates: M = 3.72, SD = 0.94; those who nearly always display P plates: M = 3.43, SD = 1.09).

Conclusions: The study findings suggest that participants who nearly always display their P plates are more likely to report that having to display their plates resulted in them driving more carefully.     

锰过氧化物酶(MnP)对农药毒死蜱降解的初步研究

以广泛使用的有机磷杀虫剂毒死蜱为研究对象,利用白腐菌P.sordida YK-624菌株所产锰过氧化物酶(MnP)对其进行生物降解的初步研究。首先比较确定了MnP降解毒死蜱所需要的降解体系,即对于毒死蜱的降解,需要在有机酸(丙二酸)存在的缓冲体系中进行,此体系不需要表面活性剂Tween 80,但必须含有Mn2+和葡萄糖氧化酶氧化葡萄糖产生的H2O2。随后对主要影响因素的试验结果表明,MnP降解毒死蜱较好的条件是在pH 4.5的丙二酸缓冲体系中含7.5 mmol/L MnSO4、2.5 mmol/L葡萄糖以及40 U葡萄糖氧化酶,温度30℃。此时,400 U/L的MnP可将30 mg/L的毒死蜱经3 d时间降解77.51%。同时,利用GC-MS对毒死蜱酶降解后的产物进行了初步分析,得到1种可能的酶解产物O,O,O’,O’-四乙基二硫代焦磷酸酯,不同于水解和细菌降解途径,值得进行进一步研究。     

元素-锶同位素技术在农产品原产地溯源中的应用

农产品质量安全及其产地溯源是当今世界共同关注的问题。国际上,将元素-同位素技术应用到农产品溯源领域正受到极大关注。通过研究农产品原产地土壤、岩石、降水及地表水等环境因子中元素-同位素组成与农产品之间的对应关系,可定位农产品原产地及其生长地域环境地球化学特征。目前,追溯农产品产地的技术方法存在同位素分馏效应,人为干扰因素...     

重庆渝北地区表层土壤硒含量分布与农业经济意义

通过对重庆渝北地区表层土壤网格化取样分析及岩、土、植物样的分析评价,阐述了Se元素的含量水平、空间分布与农业经济意义,并编制富硒土壤分布图。研究区表层土壤Se背景平均值为0.205mg.kg-1。土壤Se分布主要受地层、岩性及土壤对Se元素富集特性的控制。区内富硒土面积208.25km2,占全区11.57%,足硒土面积576km2,占全区32%。最具开发潜力的富硒土区为"北碚天府-工农-代家沟"一带(Ⅰ区),面积为36.8km2,富、足硒土次之(Ⅱ、III区),面积为110.3km2。富硒土区白菜、卷心菜等十字花科作物,水稻、玉米等粮食作物为富硒无公害或绿色农产品,具较大的农业经济意义。