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991.
我国湿地保护的法律思考 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
湿地是一种不同于陆地和海洋的特殊生态系统,具有重大的经济、生态和教育价值。长期以来,我国对湿地的价值认识不足,对湿地过度地开发利用,也未进行有效的保护,使之遭到了前所未有的破坏。我国对湿地保护的法律规范多散见于其他相关的法律法规之中。没有一部专门的法律规范对其进行调整,与我国严峻的湿地保护形势不相适应。本文针对我国湿地保护法律制度中存在的问题,提出了完善我国湿地保护的若干法律构想。 相似文献
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Abstract: Current conservation mitigation plans often fail to ensure full in-kind habitat replacement for endangered species, which suggests the need for improved methods for calculating mitigation credits. A simple, yet biologically meaningful method for calculating mitigation credits would be to let the number of mitigation credits assigned to a parcel of land scale with the reproductive value of the individuals occupying that parcel. This can be accomplished by dividing the population into 2 or more subdivisions with different reproductive values, calculating the densities of these subdivisions as a function of one or more habitat parameters, and then forming a weighted sum of these densities such that each density distribution is weighted by the reproductive value of its respective subdivision of the population. This weighted sum is the density distribution of reproductive value, and by integrating it over a particular parcel, one can determine the mitigation value of that parcel. We carried out this procedure for a population of California tiger salamanders ( Ambystoma californiense ), with distance from breeding site as our habitat parameter and the 3 visually identifiable age classes (adults, juveniles, and metamorphs) as our population subdivisions. This led to a density distribution of reproductive value that decreased exponentially with increasing distance from a breeding site. Mitigation strategies derived from this function will be more likely to ensure the persistence of California tiger salamander populations than current approaches, which assign all land within 1.6 km of a breeding site the same mitigation value. Use of the density distribution of reproductive value as a basis for mitigation plans is a procedure that can be applied to all endangered species, and it should improve the quality of mitigation decisions. 相似文献
993.
《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2013,6(2):96-108
Being part of an institution, where the main objective is research and its application to support enterprises in their challenges to improve competitiveness, innovation and sustainable development, leads to the dialogue between different research teams about the tools used and the results obtained. When the results of applications of cleaner production (CP) and value analysis (VA) were confronted, the possible synergies between them, the benefits of a joint approach and the complementarities seemed apparent and worth a research work, where these aspects could be developed. Bringing together the different experiences in the application of CP and VA and the state of the art of those methodologies, a new approach – sustainable value (SV) – was developed, materialised in a manual and tested in several companies. The results show the great potentiality of using this approach within companies namely in what concerns the reduction of useless and unnecessary efforts (and resources), and encourage the orientation of limited resources towards areas, where they can lead to SV increase and to attain sustainability. 相似文献
994.
张保伟 《中国人口.资源与环境》2013,23(8)
从利益、价值与认知三维视域出发,分析了环境冲突的形成原因,考察了环境伦理对环境冲突的调适机理.环境冲突是社会主体利益、价值、认知多元化背景下多种因素综合的结果.从彼此间独断性的对立和冲突转向建设性的生态与互动,是化解环境冲突的根本路径.对此,环境伦理学具有其独特的价值和意义.环境伦理通过对环境价值的辩护,将自然拉进道德关注的视野,塑造和影响人们的利益、价值和认知结构,调适人类社会中工业文明以来不断制度化的生态缺失,从而作为一种积极的要素,推进各主体的利益、价值和认知由对立和冲突走向彼此共存的生态互动. 相似文献
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随着科技的飞速发展,传统美术手工技艺逐渐被计算机和数字影像所取代,其实用价值已经退出了历史的舞台。但是应该看到,传统美术并非消亡,原有的那种探索、启发、冥想、创造依然在新的美术设计和艺术表现形式中发挥作用,从而体现了其存在价值。美术的概念在被一种新的艺术概念所取代,变的是称谓和形式,不变的是灵魂和精神,而这种技术的改变正是美术的未来。 相似文献
999.
Tyler G. McMahon Mark Griffin Smith 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2013,49(1):151-162
McMahon, Tyler G. and Mark Griffin Smith, 2012. The Arkansas Valley “Super Ditch”— An Analysis of Potential Economic Impacts. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 00(0):000‐000. 1‐12. DOI: 10.1111/jawr.12005 Abstract: In Colorado’s Arkansas River basin, urban growth and harsh farming conditions have resulted in water transfers from agricultural to urban uses. Several studies have shown that these transfers have significant secondary economic impacts associated with the removal of irrigated land from production. In response, new methods of sharing water are being developed to allow water transfers that benefit both farm and urban economies, compared with previous permanent transfers that negatively impacted surrounding farm communities. One such project currently under development is the Arkansas Valley “Super Ditch,” which is a rotational crop fallowing plan based on long‐term water leasing designed to provide an annual supply of 25,000 acre‐feet of water (31.6 Mm3). This article analyzes the net benefits of implementing the “Super Ditch” for both the farmers and the surrounding community. 相似文献
1000.
Peter Oluchukwu Mbah Christian Chukwuebuka Ezeibe Gerald Ekenedirichukwu Ezirim Chinedu Josephine Onyishi 《Local Environment》2013,18(10):949-967
ABSTRACTLagos is undoubtedly the cultural capital and economic hub of the West African sub-region. The challenge of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in the megacity has remained intractable due partly to the increasing rate of population growth. While solid waste policy reforms, investments, and management practices in Lagos are in the upswing in the formal economy, the role of the informal economy in engendering sub-regional material linkages and livelihoods remain unexplored. Adopting a multi-stakeholder approach and data from interviews, this study critically examines how value reclamation from informal MSWM advances green neoliberalism and inclusive development. It shows that while informal transboundary trade of recyclable materials in the West African sub-region have previously been left out of analyses of MSWM in Lagos, the informal economy of waste and new investments in MSWM have neoliberal underpinnings beyond the megacity scale. The paper concludes that integrating the informal economy in framing MSWM policy in the megacity offers scope for evolving an inclusive development strategy while also enabling sustainable MSWM in the post-2015 era. 相似文献