“3S”技术在环保应急系统中的应用

论述了将地理信息系统（GIS）、遥感（RS）和全球定位系统（GPS）集成应用于环保应急系统的建设。系统采用GIS技术进行污染源搜索和定位;将GIS与GPS结合起来,用于出警指挥和导航;以1∶1万数字化三线图为背景,提出选用正射影像航片、Landsat的Ikonos卫片和印度的IRS卫片进行解读,解决了GIS基础底图动态更新问题。通过“3S”技术的综合应用,提高了环保执法在在应急事件中的快速响应能力。     

Effects of allelochemicals on activity of nitrate reductase

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＰｌａｎｔｓｔｒａｗａｓａｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｍｅａｓｕｒｅｆｏｒｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｔｈｅｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｔｙａｎｄｉｍｐｒｏｖｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆｓｏｉｌ,ｈａｓｂｅｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｉｎａｇｒｉｃｕ?..     

我国海上油井管腐蚀与防护研究进展

总结了我国海洋环境油井管的防腐实践,为类似油气田开发提供技术参考。指出了我国海上油气井的环境与腐蚀状况,针对腐蚀环境特征,分仅含二氧化碳井下环境、含硫井下环境及热采井高温环境进行防腐技术总结。海洋环境油井气井内、外腐蚀均较严重,外腐蚀主要为海洋环境大气腐蚀,内腐蚀失效的原因多为CO2引发的腐蚀,此外因作业需要,井筒内流体性质的变化也加剧了内腐蚀失效。针对单独CO2腐蚀环境,建立了海上特色的防腐图版,并提出三种低成本防腐策略;针对H2S腐蚀环境,开展了不同材质的腐蚀规律研究与服役寿命预测;针对热采井高温腐蚀环境,开展了氧含量、高温腐蚀与热应力叠加强度变化研究。研究认为,海洋环境油气井外腐蚀可采取涂敷、牺牲阳极、阴极保护,井下CO2腐蚀可以采用防腐选材图版选择合适材质,为降低成本可以采用组合管柱防腐,含H2S环境可采用碳钢或低铬钢,以降低硫化物应力开裂(SSC)和应力腐蚀(SCC)风险,热采井宜控制含氧量及热强度衰减的影响。     

低浓度硫化氢恶臭气体的生化处理研究

采用生物膜填料塔净化低浓度硫化氢恶臭气体，研究了进气负荷，液体喷淋量，气体流量和ＰＨ值等因素对生物净化低浓度硫化氢恶臭气体净化性能的影响，为下一步工业应用提供基础数据。     

城市污泥堆肥过程中H2S的释放动态及其控制策略

以城市污泥为对象，研究了不同堆肥原料配比对H2S释放的影响．结果表明，在堆肥过程中，尽管从释放H2S浓度的动态变化来看存在一定的波动，但总体趋势是：降温期〉高温期〉升温期．采用堆肥物料上、下分层的处理，堆肥所需时问较短，堆体腐熟时H2S的总释放量也最少；同时，采用大功率风机进行鼓风，堆体释放H2S浓度的最大值降低．因此，在城市污泥的堆肥中，采用堆肥物料上下分层与大功率风机相结合的措施，既可以减少H2S的释放量，又可以缩短堆肥时间，是一种有潜在应用价值的堆肥技术．     

改性活性炭吸附净化黄磷尾气中的H2S

研究了以Cu²⁺离子活性溶液制备改性活性炭吸附净化黄磷尾气中H₂S的相关问题，考察了改性活性炭制备过程中的浸渍液浓度、干燥温度和焙烧温度的影响，以及温度和氧含量对吸附的影响；并对空白活性炭、改性活性炭吸附前后做SEM表征。研究结果表明，浸渍液浓度0.05 mol/L、干燥温度120℃、焙烧温度250℃为改性活性炭制备的最佳条件；吸附反应阶段较适宜的温度为95℃，氧含量为1%；结合扫描电镜初步表明，改性后的活性炭S容量增加，吸附效果明显。     

基于OMAP5912远程视频监控系统的设计与实现

本文以OMAP5912和Monta Vista Linux为平台,设计和实现了基于B/S模式的远程视频监控系统,并阐述了系统总体结构、硬件组成、软件开发平台的建立、摄像头驱动实现、视频采集和编码、视频的网络传输.实际应用表明,系统运行稳定,视频流畅,满足了视频监控的要求.     

几种金属氧化物TPS性能比较

通过程度升温硫化研究了ＣｕＯ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，ＳｎＯ２，ＭｎＯ２，ＣａＯ及ＺｎＯ等金属氧化物的脱硫性能，对各种金属氧化物的ＴＰＳ曲线进行比较发现，其硫化温度及速度都不相同，氧化锰的硫化温度最低，从３４５Ｋ开始有较强的硫化氢吸收峰出现；氧化铜的硫化在３７３Ｋ左右进行；对氧化铁和氧化锌，硫化从４７３Ｋ开始，而氧化锡的硫化在６５０Ｋ左右发生；氧化钙的硫化发生在７３５Ｋ。粒度对ＴＰＳ曲线有较明显的影响，粒度减     

Peroxymonosulfate activation by Fe-N-S co-doped tremella-like carbocatalyst for degradation of bisphenol A: Synergistic effect of pyridine N, Fe-Nx, thiophene S

Bisphenol A (BPA) has received increasing attention due to its long-term industrial application and persistence in environmental pollution. Iron-based carbon catalyst activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) shows a good prospect for effective elimination of recalcitrant contaminants in water. Herein, considering the problem about the leaching of iron ions and the optimization of heteroatoms doping, the iron, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped tremella-like carbon catalyst (Fe-NS@C) was rationally designed using very little iron, S-C₃N₄ and low-cost chitosan (CS) via the impregnation-calcination method. The as-prepared Fe-NS@C exhibited excellent performance for complete removal of BPA (20 mg/L) by activating PMS with the high kinetic constant (1.492 min⁻¹) in 15 min. Besides, the Fe-NS@C/PMS system not only possessed wide pH adaptation and high resistance to environmental interference, but also maintained an excellent degradation efficiency on different pollutants. Impressively, increased S-C₃N₄ doping amount modulated the contents of different N species in Fe-NS@C, and the catalytic activity of Fe-NS@C-1-x was visibly enhanced with increasing S-C₃N₄ contents, verifying pyridine N and Fe-N_x as main active sites in the system. Meanwhile, thiophene sulfur (C-S-C) as active sites played an auxiliary role. Furthermore, quenching experiment, EPR analysis and electrochemical test proved that surface-bound radicals (^·OH and SO₄^⋅−) and non-radical pathways worked in the BPA degradation (the former played a dominant role). Finally, possible BPA degradation route were proposed. This work provided a promising way to synthesize the novel Fe, N and S co-doping carbon catalyst for degrading organic pollutants with low metal leaching and high catalytic ability.     

Morphological and molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in revegetated iron-mining site has the same magnitude of adjacent pristine ecosystems

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) are important during revegetation of mining sites, but few studies compared AMF community in revegetated sites with pristine adjacent ecosystems. The aim of this study was to assess AMF species richness in a revegetated iron-mining site and adjacent ecosystems and to relate AMF occurrence to soil chemical parameters. Soil samples were collected in dry and rainy seasons in a revegetated iron-mining site(RA) and compared with pristine ecosystems of forest(FL), canga(NG),and Cerrado(CE). AMF species were identified by spore morphology from field and trap cultures and by LSU r DNA sequencing using Illumina. A total of 62 AMF species were recovered, pertaining to 18 genera and nine families of Glomeromycota. The largest number of species and families were detected in RA, and Acaulospora mellea and Glomus sp1 were the most frequent species. Species belonging to Glomeraceae and Acaulosporaceae accounted for 42%–48% of total species richness. Total number of spores and mycorrhizal inoculum potential tended to be higher in the dry than in the rainy season, except in RA. Sequences of uncultured Glomerales were dominant in all sites and seasons and five species were detected exclusively by DNA-based identification. Redundancy analysis evidenced soil p H,organic matter, aluminum, and iron as main factors influencing AMF presence. In conclusion, revegetation of the iron-mining site seems to be effective in maintaining a diverse AMF community and different approaches are complementary to reveal AMF species, despite the larger number of species being identified by traditional identification of field spores.