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91.
Can Rapid Assessment Protocols Be Used to Judge Sediment Impairment in Gravel‐Bed Streams? A Commentary 下载免费PDF全文
Thomas E. Lisle John M. Buffington Peter R. Wilcock Kristin Bunte 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2015,51(2):373-387
Land management agencies commonly use rapid assessments to evaluate the impairment of gravel‐bed streams by sediment inputs from anthropogenic sources. We question whether rapid assessment can be used to reliably judge sediment impairment at a site or in a region. Beyond the challenges of repeatable and accurate sampling, we argue that a single metric or protocol is unlikely to reveal causative relations because channel condition can result from multiple pathways, processes, and background controls. To address these concerns, a contextual analysis is needed to link affected resources, causal factors, and site history to reliably identify human influences. Contextual analysis is equivalent in principle to cumulative effects and watershed analyses and has a rich history, but has gradually been replaced by rapid assessment methods. Although the approaches differ, rapid assessment and contextual analysis are complementary and can be implemented in a two‐tiered approach in which rapid assessment provides a coarse (first‐tier) analysis to identify sites that deserve deeper contextual assessment (second‐tier). Contextual analysis is particularly appropriate for site‐specific studies that should be tailored to local conditions. A balance between rapid assessment and contextual analysis is needed to provide the most effective information for management decisions. 相似文献
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环境中大肠杆菌快速生物检测技术研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
大肠杆菌作为水质卫生学指标,在环境水质监测中起着非常重要的指示作用.近年来为了克服大肠杆菌常规监测方法的不足,基于现代生物技术原理展开的环境中大肠杆菌的快速检测技术是国内外的研究热点.本文对环境介质大肠杆菌的分子生物学监测方法、免疫学检测方法等的原理及其在环境领域中的应用进行了综述和分析,并在此基础上对大肠杆菌的仪器化发展进行了展望.指出以现代生物技术为核心的并结合现代仪器技术的大肠杆菌快速检测技术将具有良好的应用前景,大肠杆菌的快速检测技术应向操作简单、快速、高灵敏度以及低成本方向发展. 相似文献
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COD分光光度法与标准方法对比实验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
CODcr分光光度快速测定法具有简便,快速,节能,省试剂等优点。其测定结果与标准方法之间有良好的可比性,最低检测限为5.0mg/l 。 相似文献
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Pik AJ Dangerfield JM Bramble RA Angus C Nipperess DA 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,75(2):179-199
Recent conceptual and technological solutions to biodiversityassessment allow large numbers of invertebrate specimens to beprocessed rapidly and provide researchers and practitioners with a unique tool for characterizing habitats. One applicationof these advances is the ability to detect and monitor small-scale habitat heterogeneity and so provide a measure of ecosystem restoration. This case study presents a test of theefficacy of using invertebrates to assess and monitor ecologicalrestoration following bush regeneration. Eight contiguous habitatpatches within a suburb of northern Sydney, Australia, were selected to represent areas that had undergone different bushregeneration techniques. A nearby and relatively undisturbed area of bushland was also sampled. A total of 57 806 ground-active invertebrate specimens from 35 different orders were collected in pitfall traps. 1 246 ant (Formicidae) specimens were further sorted into 46 ant morphospecies from20 genera. Analyses of the three taxonomic data sets, includingtwo different data transformations, demonstrated that: (i) invertebrate communities successfully characterized different sites, providing a high degree of differentiation among sites;(ii) ordinations of the sites allowed visual assessment of theimpact of each management technique on the habitat relativeto undisturbed habitats; and (iii) characterization of sitescould be achieved using abundance classes or binary countsof ant morphospecies, representing potential cost and timesavings. The project duration was a total of three personweeks and cost less than US$3,000 (1999 prices) to complete.Measurement of invertebrate assemblages will provide a toolfor both rapid assessment of management decisions and ameans by which to implement adaptive management and restoration. 相似文献
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MapInfo是目前流行的地理信息系统 (GIS)应用软件之一 ,由于其强大的地图功能 ,在地震监测预报中得到了越来越广泛的应用。安徽省地震局合肥遥测台网不久前完成了台网自己的速报软件的开发研制工作 ,其中运用了MapInfo部分图形操作功能。本文介绍MapInfo技术在台肥遥测台网地震速报中的一些具体应用 相似文献
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Sophie S. Parker Gregory B. Pauly James Moore Naomi S. Fraga John J. Knapp Zachary Principe Brian V. Brown John M. Randall Brian S. Cohen Thomas A. Wake 《Conservation biology》2018,32(5):1007-1019
When conservation strategies require new, field‐based information, practitioners must find the best ways to rapidly deliver high‐quality survey data. To address this challenge, several rapid‐assessment approaches have been developed since the early 1990s. These typically involve large areas, take many months to complete, and are not appropriate when conservation‐relevant survey data are urgently needed for a specific locale. In contrast, bioblitzes are designed for quick collection of site‐specific survey data. Although bioblitzes are commonly used to achieve educational or public‐engagement goals, conservation practitioners are increasingly using a modified bioblitz approach to generate conservation‐relevant data while simultaneously enhancing research capacity and building working partnerships focused on conservation concerns. We term these modified events expert bioblitzes. Several expert bioblitzes have taken place on lands of conservation concern in Southern California and have involved collaborative efforts of government agencies, nonprofit organizations, botanic gardens, museums, and universities. The results of expert bioblitzes directly informed on‐the‐ground conservation and decision‐making; increased capacity for rapid deployment of expert bioblitzes in the future; and fostered collaboration and communication among taxonomically and institutionally diverse experts. As research and conservation funding becomes increasingly scarce, expert bioblitzes can play an increasingly important role in biodiversity conservation. 相似文献
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