电化学氧化处理焚烧厂渗滤液膜浓缩液混凝出水的研究

为了降低城市生活垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液膜浓缩液混凝出水中的有机物浓度,采用电化学氧化对渗滤液膜浓缩液混凝出水进行了处理.同时,考察了阳极材料、电流密度、初始pH值和电解时间对有机物的去除影响,使用三维荧光光谱分析了有机物的去除特性,并通过氯离子的转化探讨了有机物的降解机理.结果 表明,钌铱(Ru-Ir/Ti)阳极对有机物的去...     

Screening bamboo species for salt tolerance using growth parameters,physiological response and osmolytes accumulation as effective indicators

Bamboos are potential species for reclamation of saline soils and water. In this study, the performances of three bamboo species, namely Dendrocalamus strictus (S1), Dendrocalamus longispathus (S2) and Bambusa bambos (S3), were investigated for salinity stress tolerance. After 14 days of treatment with 100?mM NaCl, reduction in shoot length was 66%, 100%, 77%, root length was 77%, 100%, 57%, number of leaves was 50%, 100%, 73% and fresh weight was 30%, 72%, 14% in S1, S2 and S3 species, respectively. Relative water content (RWC) in S1 and S3 species was 1.26 and 1.07 folds higher in 50?mM NaCl in comparison to control. In S2 species, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll_a and chlorophyll_b degradation were the highest (40.4%, 42.7%, 16.32%, respectively) in comparison to S3 (18.18%, 23%, 16.4%) and S1 (23.5%, 25%, 19.17%) species. In S3 and S1 species, the Chl_a/Chl_b ratio was maintained showing stabilisation of the net photosynthetic rate. Proline played a more important role than glycine betaine for salt tolerance of these bamboo species. On account of vegetative growth, proline accumulation and RWC, it is inferred that S1 and S3 species are salt tolerant while S2 is a sensitive species.

Abbreviations: SL: shoot length; RL: root length; NL: number of leaves; FW: fresh weight; RWC: relative water content; Chl_a: chlorophyll_a; Chl_b: chlorophyll_b; TC: total chlorophyll; GB: glycine betaine     

城市雨水管道沉积物氮磷污染溶出特性试验研究

针对城市雨水管道沉积物氮磷溶出特性不清楚的问题,以南京江北新区3种不同功能区（文教区、交通区及商业区）分流制雨水管道为研究对象,考察了管道沉积物中氮磷溶出随时间的变化关系,分析了不同pH、盐度等环境因素下氮磷溶出特征,并探讨了不同氮磷浓度的来流对出流中氮磷的影响.结果表明:①各功能区管道沉积物中溶出ρ（NH₃-N）、ρ（NO₃-N）、ρ（TP）随淋溶时间先增大后趋于稳定,且达到峰值的先后顺序均表现为交通区>文教区>商业区.②各功能区管道沉积物中NH₃-N和TP在pH影响下溶出趋势基本一致,均表现为酸性条件>碱性条件>中性条件,而NO₃-N溶出均在pH=7附近（中性条件）达到峰值（交通区溶出率最大,为35.21%）.③各功能区管道沉积物中NH₃-N和NO₃-N的溶出均随盐度增加而逐渐增加,而TP的溶出却在盐度超过1%后呈不同程度的波动.④NO₃-N溶出率最小且TP溶出率最大的交通区雨水管道出流受来流影响最明显,相关系数均超过0.97.研究显示,与文教区、商业区相比,pH、盐度等环境因素对交通区雨水管道沉积物氮磷溶出影响最大,在雨水管道径流氮磷输出负荷的定量评估过程中应被重点关注.      

我国石煤提钒废水的处理现状与展望

石煤提钒废水中含有大量的重金属、氨氮和盐类。介绍了石煤提钒中重金属废水、氨氮废水、高盐废水的处理技术,总结了各种废水处理技术在石煤提钒废水治理中的应用现状,并对石煤提钒废水的治理进行了展望。化学法应用广泛,但易造成二次污染;物理法具有广阔的应用前景,但处理效率低;生物法具有效率高、选择性强、废水处理成本低等优点,是一种极具发展潜力的废水治理方法,应加大在石煤提钒废水治理方面的研究。     

NaCl盐度对活性污泥处理系统的影响

海水冲厕是一项具有重大节水意义的工程。针对所产生的含盐生活污水的处理 ,试验研究NaCl盐度对活性污泥处理系统的综合影响。分别研究不同盐度驯化下活性污泥的生长、有机物降解和去除情况、SBR反应系统内溶解氧随时间的变化以及污泥沉降性等。试验结果表明 ,NaCl盐度影响了微生物的生长 ,降低有机物降解速率和去除率 ,但是却增强了细胞的溶胞作用和微生物的呼吸作用     

Productivity and Distribution of Epipellic Microalgae Along Salinity Gradients in Mangrove Swamp of the Qua Iboe Estuary (NIGERIA)

Based on spatial variation in tidal mud salinity, direct gradient analysis procedures were adopted to relate the productivity and distribution of epipellic microalgae along salinity gradients in mangrove swamp of the Qua Iboe Estuary. Variations in mud salinities were due to distance from the coast, tidal incursions and freshwater input. The dilution effect of fresh water input from rainfall, urban runoff and associated freshwater creeks was most severe during the rainy season month of July, with much lower salinity levels recorded, in comparison to higher salinity values, recorded for same sampling locations during the drier month of December. In the dry season, all the microalgae species but Closterium (a genus of soft, green algae) and Oscillatoria (a cyanobacterium) species encountered in the tidal mud flats showed statistically significant negative correlations with salinity, while most microalgae species excluding Oscillatoria and Closterium species were positively correlated with the same factor during the wet season. Four Ecological Groups of microalgae, were established in the dry season month of December as against two Ecological Groups in the wet season month of July. However no microalgae species was found to occur on the highest values of mud salinity and there were overlapping range of occurrences and ecological optima for most species along the gradients.     

高盐度气田废水处理试验研究

以某污水厂好氧污泥为接种污泥,半软性纤维填料为载体,采用逐步提高盐度和有机负荷的方法对生物膜进行耐盐性和高有机负荷驯化。结果表明:经过一段时间驯化所得异养生物膜能够适应高盐度和高有机负荷的环境;生物膜对环境盐度变化的适应性有一定的波动;生物膜对有机物的降解能力随系统有机负荷增大而降低,连续进水、出水不回流且流量为0.292L/h,HRT为24h条件下,COD去除率最后保持在65%左右;COD去除率达到65%的时间与系统有机负荷呈线性正相关,相关系数为0.9112;驯化后耐盐微生物对温度和酸碱度不敏感,最佳生长温度为23℃,pH值为7~8。