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31.
Heavy Metal Monitoring Using Bivalved Shellfish from Zhejiang Coastal Waters, East China Sea 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The interest of culturing bivalved shellfish (including mussels, clams, oysters etc.), has increased in recent years, but
the consumption has been hampered both by high levels of heavy metals and toxic algae. The levels of heavy metals (Hg, Cd,
Pb, Zn, Cu and As) were determined in soft tissues of different shellfish from Zhejiang coastal waters, East China Sea. The
average concentrations of the heavy metals analyzed exhibited the following decreasing order: Zn > Cu > As > Cd > Pb > Hg.
Comparison of heavy metals concentrations among species indicated that Bivalves clearly have significant potential as useful
bioindicators; however, the results indicated that no one species is universally suitable, as is true of any organism used
in these studies. The distribution of the metals was also investigated along the Zhejiang coast, which the results showed
the mean concentration of Hg and Cd detected did not vary greatly and presented a similar spatial pattern at different sampling
stations, the concentrations of Zn and Pb were highly variable at different sampling sites. The amounts of heavy metals in
soft tissue of shellfish were also compared with those from the related species from other seas in China and world marine
waters. The results suggested that the coastal area might be considered relatively unpolluted with heavy metals and the concentrations
of metals in shellfish also below the seafood safety limits for human consumption. 相似文献
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Morgane Bougeard Jean‐Claude Le Saux Nicolas Pérenne Claire Baffaut Marc Robin Monique Pommepuy 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2011,47(2):350-366
Bougeard, Morgane, Jean‐Claude Le Saux, Nicolas Pérenne, Claire Baffaut, Marc Robin, and Monique Pommepuy, 2011. Modeling of Escherichia coli Fluxes on a Catchment and the Impact on Coastal Water and Shellfish Quality. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1‐17. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00520.x Abstract: The simulation of the impact of Escherichia coli loads from watersheds is of great interest for assessing estuarine water quality, especially in areas with shellfish aquaculture or bathing activities. For this purpose, this study investigates a model association based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) coupled with a hydrodynamic model (MARS 2D; IFREMER). Application was performed on the catchment and estuary of Daoulas area (France). The daily E. coli fluxes simulated by SWAT are taken as an input in the MARS 2D model to calculate E. coli concentrations in estuarine water and shellfish. Model validation is based on comparison of frequencies: a strong relationship was found between calculated and measured E. coli concentrations for river quality (r2 = 0.99) and shellfish quality (r2 = 0.89). The important influence of agricultural practices and rainfall events on the rapid and large fluctuations in E. coli fluxes from the watershed (reaching three orders of magnitude in <24 hours) is one main result of the study. Response time in terms of seawater quality degradation ranges from one to two days after any important rainfall event (greater than 10 mm/day) and the time for estuary to recover good water quality also mainly depends on the duration of the rainfall. In the estuary, three effects (rainfall, tidal dilution, and manure spreading) have been identified as important influences. 相似文献
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Mengmeng Guo Guanchao Zheng Jixing Peng Di Meng Haiyan Wu 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(4):271-280
Perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging persistent organic pollutants, which pose a threat to human health primarily by dietary exposure, especially through seafood. Bohai Sea (a semi-closed sea located north of China) is an important shellfish aquaculture area that is possibly highly-polluted with PFASs. In this study, we first evaluated contamination by PFASs in a total of 230 samples of marine shellfish from the Bohai Sea. Samples included five important shellfish species, collected from important aquaculture spots distributed around the Bohai Sea. Samples were analyzed by an ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method, which could simultaneously detect 23 PFASs in shellfish. Our research verified that PFASs have become a threat to the safety of shellfish products in this area. Furthermore, contamination by PFASs in shellfish changed depending on the components of PFASs, the species of shellfish, and the sampling sites. Many of the 23 target compounds contributed to the high detection ratio (>50%) as follows: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)?>?perfluorononanoic acid?>?perfluorodecanesulfonic acid?>?perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). Compared with other dominant components, PFOA not only had the highest detection percentage in shellfish samples (98.3%), but its detection level contributed to 87.2% of total PFASs concentrations, indicating that PFOA is the major threat to the safety of shellfish products. The highest level of PFAS was found in clams (62.5?ng?g?1 wet weight of PFOA). The concentration of total PFAS in different shellfish species showed the following trend: clams?>?mussels?>?scallops?>?whelks?>?oysters. The maximum concentration of total PFAS or PFOA was found in Shouguang. The total concentration of PFOS and its precursor were highest in Cangzhou, possibly due to local industrial activities. The results presented in this paper provide new data on the contamination of marine shellfish along the Bohai Sea coasts in China, and constitute a reference for future monitoring of contamination by emerging contaminants in Bohai coast. 相似文献
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本文综述了从水产加工废弃物虾、蟹壳中制取甲壳素和壳聚糖的方法。简要介绍了甲壳素和壳聚糖及其衍生物的开发应用现状,供有关方面充分利用甲壳素资源参考。 相似文献
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纳米技术已成为21世纪发展最迅猛的技术领域之一。纳米材料因其具备新异的物理、化学特性而广泛应用于各种领域,包括农业,电子工业,生物医学,制造业,医药品和化妆品等,因此纳米颗粒不可避免会释放到水环境中。贝类由于其具有分布广,处于食物链中的关键位置,滤食食性,对重金属及污染物有较强的生物累积能力,且很多贝类具有养殖和商业价值,因而纳米颗粒对贝类的生态毒性效应备受关注。本文通过对已有相关研究成果进行归纳分析,重点阐述了3方面的内容:1)人工纳米材料在水环境中的行为;2)贝类作为水生污染监测指示生物的重要意义;3)人工纳米材料对贝类的毒性效应,主要包括贝类对纳米颗粒摄取、积累和转移,并从组织细胞水平,分子和基因水平,胚胎发育和个体生长水平等阐述了纳米材料对贝类的毒性效应。 相似文献
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长江口以北沿海主要经济贝类中有机氯农药和多氯联苯的分布及评价 总被引:24,自引:3,他引:24
本文调查研究了我国长江口以北沿海几种主要经济贝类体中有机氯农药及多氯联苯的残留量。结果表明,从鸭绿江口到长江口的各种经济贝类均已受到有机氯农药666,DDT及PCB的污染影响,以666的影响最为普遍,但其含量均远低于评价标准,食用价值尚未受到影响,生物质量尚好,河口地区的污染物含量较高。 相似文献
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生物操纵理论在浅水湖泊治理应用中的现状与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水域富营养化现象已经成为中国及世界范围内一个较为突出的环境问题.利用生物操纵法在水体富营养化防治和浅水湖泊的生态修复中具有较为广泛的探索应用,也取得一定的治理成效.文章综述了生物操纵的产生和发展,分析生物操纵(biomanipulation)和非经典生物操纵(non-traditional biomanipulation)理论的原理、应用条件及局限性,并从沉水植物、虑食性鱼类和双壳贝类的作用和应用现状分析和探讨了各生态位生物在单一生物操纵下的适用条件及实际应用中遇到的问题.最后对生物操纵技术组合技术进行合理展望,以期为中国富营养化湖泊治理和修复工作提供参考. 相似文献