金属系无机抗菌材料研究进展

主要介绍金属系无机抗菌材料。从材料的选择和合成方面,讨论了材料的特性和抗菌功能相结合的途径,归纳出抗菌材料的制备工艺的一般规律,为开发适合我国国情的无机抗菌材料提供思路。     

高分子吸水树脂作为蓄冷材料的性能研究

本文研究了不同吸水倍率的高分子吸水树脂的相变温度、相变潜热及作为蓄冷材料在35℃环境下的相变时间,并与冰做了对比。结果显示：吸收不同倍率水的高分子树脂。相变温度和相变潜热基本与水相似,随着吸水倍率的增加,相变潜热越接近于水的潜热;在相同条件下放置于隔冷袋中的高分子吸水树脂．在35℃高温环境中,可以维持20℃以下低温5h,比冰多了将近1h,克服了渗漏的缺点,在蓄冷领域表现出了明显的优势。     

普光高含硫气田企地三级应急联动模式研究和运用

普光气田属于高含硫气田,一旦发生事故对周边危害极大,该域地形复杂,山高路险,道路狭窄,人口密集,不利于疏散,普光应急管理模式面临挑战.为了解决这一难题,普光气田采用企地三级应急联动模式,旨在紧密联系企业和地方的应急疏散管理,明确应急疏散领导小组及职责,规定居民疏散信号、路线和安全集合点.通过培训与演练,本方案能够提高企地协同作战的应急疏散能力,最大限度地减少事件造成的人员伤亡、财产损失和社会危害.     

Effects of release pressure on the transportation characteristics in pipeline and the diffusion behaviors in enclosure space of typical gas extinguishing agent

Reducing the release pressure of fire extinguishing systems can decrease potential safety hazards in large transport airplanes. To explore whether reducing the release pressure can achieve the release effect required by the airworthiness standards or not, the transportation characteristics in the pipeline and diffusion behaviors in the enclosure space of a typical fire extinguishing agent (Halon 1301) were investigated under five release pressures in the present study. The effects of the release pressure on the degree of superheat, injection duration, jet structure, and concentration distribution of Halon 1301 were analyzed. The results show that both of the degree of superheat and the injection duration decrease with an increase in the release pressure. The supplement of bubble expansion in the fire extinguishing agent can slow down the pressure decrease in the vessel. Both of the maximum and mean values of the pipeline differential pressure increase with an increase in release pressure. The maximum value of the jet angle decreases linearly with the increase in release pressure, and the jet deflects upward owing to the effects of buoyancy. The maximum concentration value decreases with an increase in the distance from the nozzle. The maximum concentration values in the near field from the nozzle increase with an increase in the release pressure. Under five release pressures, the concentration and holding time (duration above 6% volume concentration) of Halon 1301 on the centerline of the jet meet the requirements of airworthiness provisions.     

Fe2+EDTA溶液络合-铁还原脱除烟气中NO

提出了“Fe2 螯合剂络合-铁粉还原-酸吸收”回收法脱除烟气中NO的新工艺,重点研究了模拟烟气中O2体积分数对NO络合量的影响,以及铁粉用量、铁粉粒径、搅拌速度对NO脱除效率的影响,确定了最佳的铁粉脱氮工艺条件,并对铁粉和铁屑的脱氮效果进行了比较。结果表明,烟气中O2的体积分数从0%增加到4.2%,NO络合量下降90.2%;NO脱除效率随铁粉用量和反应器搅拌速度的增加而增加,随铁粉粒径的增加而降低;过程的最佳工艺参数为,铁粉用量0.8g,铁粉粒径≤0.077mm,搅拌速度900r·min-1,在此条件下,对O2体积分数为5%的模拟烟气在搅拌反应器中可取得90%以上的NO脱除效率;用铁粉在1台搅拌反应器中取得的NO脱除效率和用铁屑在2个鼓泡反应器串联时所取得的效率相当。     

环境质量的模糊综合评判—灰色关联分析

本文简要分析了环境质量评价中目前广泛应用的各种评价方法与模型。在此基础上提出环境质量综合评判－灰色关联优势分析复合模型，应用于黄山风景区景观生态环境质量的综合评价，取得了满意的结果。     

两种粉煤灰的烟气脱硫实验

采用粉煤灰(FA)和Ca(OH)2水合制得的高活性吸收剂作为二氧化硫的干法脱硫剂，重点研究了两种粉煤灰(电除尘灰和湿式水膜除尘灰)在同一配比、同一水合温度、同一水合时间下的脱硫效率，结果表明：电除尘灰比湿式水膜除尘灰脱硫效率高，并且电除尘的脱硫效率略微低于活性炭，同时介绍了粉煤灰的脱硫机理。     

河西走廊园林绿地复合系统的夏季小气候效应

选择17种不同结构的园林绿地复合系统，对光照、温度、湿度和防尘效应进行测定，综合评价这17种园林绿地复合系统在改善城市气候方面的作用．结论是：乔、灌、草园林绿地复合系统在改善城市气候方面的作用最大，表4参7     

Toxicity and attraction effects produced byMorinda citrifolia fruits on theDrosophila melanogaster complex of species

Summary The ripe fruit of the Indian mulberry,Morinda citrifolia, is the host plant forDrosophila sechellia but is highly toxic for three closely related species (D. melanogaster, D. simulans, D. mauritiana). A simple bioassay is described with which a clear dose response to the fruit was found for these species. Significant differences in reactivity to the ripe fruit were found among species. Tested strains ofD. simulans andD. mauritiana adults were more sensitive to the toxic properties of the fruit thanD. melanogaster. A marked intraspecific variability was shown inD. melanogaster. Reciprocal interspecific hybridizations betweenD. sechellia andD. mauritiana suggested an autosomal dominant control of resistance. MoreoverD. melanogaster intraspecific crossings suggested the influence of an additional X-linked factor. Responses of flies toMorinda fruit in different states were tested in a T olfactometer. The less resistant strains ofDrosophila generally showed less preference for the ripe fruit.     

Sensitivity to biologically relevant odours may exceed the sum of component thresholds

Summary In four fruit-eating bats sniff-rate analysis revealed the threshold value for natural banana odour to be 1 × 10^–4 vol% of head-space while the threshold values for its major components were found to be 3–6 orders of magnitude higher; even the total of molecules present at the threshold dilution of banana odour was 2 orders of magnitude below the lowest threshold values obtained for single components. Thus, the responsiveness of the bats to threshold concentration of natural banana odour is discussed as an example of synergism of stimuli.