A room for living: Private and public aspects in the experience of the living room

This paper presents findings from a study on people's uses and experiences of their living rooms. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with sixteen middle-class residents of the Metropolitan New York area. Interviews were conducted in participants' living rooms, and were supplemented by observations, sketches and still-photographs. In the past, social scientists have viewed the living room as serving the purpose of communicating the dwellers' image to guests. Findings from the present study show that dwellers may use their living rooms not only to host guests, but also for their own solitary uses, as well as for sharing time with partners. All uses were found to be meaningful and pertinent to the dwelling experience. Findings also reveal that the living room may provide opportunities for intimacy between dwellers and their partners, as well as between dwellers and their guests. For all participants living rooms contained objects that were highly meaningful to them. It is suggested that objects in the living rooms are used to instigate and mediate contemplation about significant others, as well as to regulate the amount of intimacy desired with guests.     

噪声治理技术实例研究

文章从噪声源入手,分析泵房和压缩机房内的噪声对工作人员和居民不同程度的影响和危害,按照噪声控制的原理,采取吸声、隔声、消声相结合的降噪措施。治理后,泵房、压缩机房内噪声值低于85 dB(A),压缩机房厂界噪声值低于60 dB(A),居民楼外1 m处的噪声值低于45 dB(A),有效减少噪声对作业场所和周边环境的污染。     

论电子阅览室管理中的安全问题与对策

随着现代信息网络技术的不断发展和广泛使用，使用电子阅览室查阅各种文献的读者迅速增加，电子阅览室的安全问题也愈发突出。从计算机及辅助设备的安全管理和维护、加强对计算机病毒的防治、加强对用户的管理等方面探讨了在网络环境下如何实现对电子阅览室日常的安全管理。     

吸附-全程自养脱氮(A-CANON)工艺处理实际市政污水

以上海某污水处理厂市政污水为研究对象,考察市政污水在常温（25℃）条件下先经吸附段（A段）去除回收部分碳源后利用全程自养脱氮（CANON）工艺处理的脱氮效果.A-CANON工艺稳定运行175个周期,A段水力停留时间（HRT）=20min,DO=2mg/L,COD去除率始终高于60%,出水C/N降至1.5左右;CANON段出水中COD及TN浓度分别低于50mg/L和15mg/L,NH₄⁺-N浓度一般低于5mg/L,基本满足城市污水厂一级A排放标准.16S rDNA高通量测序结果显示,采用A-CANON工艺后,CANON系统中的优势厌氧氨氧化菌属为Candidatus_Jettenia和Candidatus_Brocadia.其中,Candidatus_Jettenia的丰度由第85周期的1.79%增加到第175周期的13.51%,较同期丰度降低1.4%的Candidatus_Brocadia表现出更强的环境适应能力.研究结果表明采用A-CANON工艺可有效处理市政污水并回收其中碳源.为该工艺在市政污水处理中的应用提供了理论依据和技术支持,有望实现市政污水碳、氮处理的可持续性.     

基于决策树支持向量机算法的船用设备故障诊断

目的 提高船用设备的智能化水平,增强船舶的安全性、可靠性,对船上设备进行状态监测,并基于监测数据对设备健康状况进行评估,对可能存在的故障工况进行识别.方法 通过采集机舱内的振动数据,对数据进行预处理、快速傅里叶变换,提取1/3倍频带特征,将倍频带谱信号作为特征向量,利用支持向量机算法进行模型训练及分类.对于船上多种工况及可能存在的多种故障类别,采用决策二叉树方法,提出一种快速、准确的状态监测及故障诊断策略.结果 在实验室工况下识别准确率接近100％.结论 该方法能够对船用设备进行状态监控、故障诊断、健康评估等提供支持,为设备检修、传感器布置等决策提供依据.     

Systematic assessment of dredged sludge dewaterability improvement with different organic polymers based on analytic hierarchy process

Organic polymeric flocculants are commonly used in improving dredged sludge dewaterability, but less attention has been paid to residual water quality. In this paper, the effects of cationic etherified starch (CS) and poly-dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) on dredged sludge dewatering efficiency and residual water quality of Baiyangdian lake were comprehensively investigated and evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results indicated that PDDA had stronger electrical effect and flocculation performance compared with CS, resulting in more efficient dewatering performance. PDDA can reduce the pollutants of discharged residual water, while CS significantly promoted the increase of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^–-N in the residual water. The increase of NH₄⁺-N in the residual water of CS was due to the release of dredged sludge, while the increase of NO₃^–-N was introduced by CS leaching. AHP showed that PDDA performed better in flocculation treatment of dredged sludge than other organic polymers. This work provides a method for optimization of flocculation treatment for dredged sludge dewaterability.     

污泥调理对氨基糖苷类耐药菌的削减作用研究

采用异养菌培养法比较了4种污泥调理方法（聚丙烯酰胺调理、Fe[III]/CaO调理、化学酸化调理以及生物沥浸调理）对脱水泥饼和脱水滤液中链霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素3种典型氨基糖苷类ARB的削减效果.结果表明,PAM调理未能有效削减脱水泥饼及滤液中的ARB;Fe[III]/CaO调理和生物沥浸调理大幅削减脱水泥饼中3种ARB,并且可完全去除脱水滤液中的ARB;化学酸化调理虽然可将脱水泥饼中的ARB削减0.83~1.65个数量级,但却使滤液中的ARB增加0.26~0.39个数量级.脱水泥饼中氨基糖苷类ARB的含量与调理污泥中微生物细胞裂解程度显著相关,说明调理过程导致的污泥微生物细胞裂解是脱水泥饼中ARB削减的主要原因.进一步研究表明,采用Fe[III]/CaO法、化学酸化法及生物沥浸法处理后的脱水泥饼自然放置过程中ARB的数量有反弹的趋势,存在一定的环境风险.     

填料对ANAMMOX污泥活性恢复的影响及菌群特征

为实现室温下长期储存的厌氧氨氧化污泥的活性快速恢复,采用3组反应器分别对在室温(15～30℃)且无基质的条件下储存9个月的厌氧氨氧化污泥进行活性恢复,其中R2和R3反应器分别添加彗星纤维填料和K3填料作为生物载体,探究不同填料添加对厌氧氨氧化污泥活性恢复速率的影响.结果表明,R2和R3反应器分别在第8 d和第10 d开...     

土工管袋应用于污泥脱水的工程实践经验

土工管袋应用于污泥脱水是一种新型实用的方法,目前国内应用经验较少。为了推广该新型工艺在污泥、淤泥上的应用,通过多次的小试、中试及工程的实施,总结了土工管袋应用于污泥脱水工程的多方面经验,包括项目实施前的准备工作、材料药剂的筛选方法、管袋充填操作中的安全事项、系统的设置及操作注意事项等等,并对如何实现管袋脱水系统的整体运行稳定性、高效性、经济性做了阐述。     

螺旋沉降离心机在污泥脱水装置上的应用

针对污泥脱水工艺应用了国产卧式螺旋沉降离心机，并辅以高效有机絮凝剂，经试运证明，此项工艺脱水效果显著。可将含水率９９．８％－９８．５％的污泥脱水至７５％－７８％，且分离液对污水处理装置无明显冲击，消除了污泥造成二次污染的严重问题。