直接大红4BE染料吸附脱色真菌的分离及特性研究

通过梯度富集培养,筛选到一株偶氮染料直接大红4BE吸附脱色真菌HS-DY08,该菌在基础培养基中,30℃、150r/min条件下,24h内对浓度为30mg/L的直接大红4BE的吸附脱色率达92%。脱色液动态扫描结果显示,随着HS-DY08菌株对染料的吸附脱色降解,直接大红4BE的吸收峰(526nm)明显降低,中间产物(325nm)的吸收峰逐渐升高,且染料吸附过程中菌体生长量增加,表明菌株对染料的吸附脱色过程中伴随着对染料的生物降解和利用。不同的共基质底物对直接大红4BE吸附脱色能力的促进作用依次为:PDB>葡萄糖>蛋白胨>NH4Cl。结合形态特征及显微观察结果,初步鉴定HS-DY08为青霉属(Pemnicillium sp.)。     

红芝所产漆酶对蒽醌染料的脱色研究

以红芝Ganoderma lucidum发酵所得漆酶粗酶液对蒽醌染料进行脱色实验,分别考察了反应时间、染料浓度、温度、pH、转速等条件对蒽醌染料脱色的影响。结果表明,红芝漆酶粗酶液对蒽醌染料具有很好的脱色效果,脱色的适宜条件为:染料浓度150mg/L、反应温度40℃、pH值3.5。在上述条件下反应8h,蒽醌染料脱色率可达90%左右,摇床转速对染料脱色影响不大。     

pH对海绵铁过滤柱预处理染色废水的影响

通过滤柱考察了进水pH变化对海绵铁预处理染色废水的影响。研究结果表明,在pH为6、7、8、10时,过滤周期内脱色率都高于94%,出水pH大于7。与pH=6、7、8对比可知,在pH=10时,水头损失小,周期产水量高,出水含铁量低。海绵铁过滤柱活化后脱色率、周期产水量与活化前基本相同,出水pH比活化前低,出水铁含量相对较高。同时,通过扫描电镜图发现过滤柱内海绵铁腐蚀程度从上至下逐渐变小。     

铁碳微电解法预处理染料废水的研究

采用铁碳微电解法对颜料的实际生产废水进行降解研究。结果表明,pH值为3,铁碳比为1：2,反应时间120 min,曝气的条件下,染料废水的处理效果最好,色度去除达到80%以上,COD的去除率也超过50%以上,可生化性由0.21提高到0.43。     

混凝法深度处理焦化废水的研究

针对焦化厂二级生化出水CODcr、色度不达标问题,研究采用PAC和PFS对焦化厂二级生化出水进行深度处理研究。研究确定了各混凝剂的最佳投药量和最适pH值,对比了各混凝剂在最佳混凝条件下的处理效果,以及在最佳投药量条件下最佳pH值。结果表明：PAC最佳投药量为6g/L,PFS最佳投药量为5.5g/L;在最佳投药量的条件下,对CODcr去除较好的是PAC,去除率为44.83%;对色度去除率两者相同,都为80%;二者最佳pH值均为7。     

染料化工废水处理技术及其应用

随着染料工业的发展,其生产废水已成为主要的水体污染源。目前染料已有成千上万种之多,它们不但具有特定的颜色,而且结构复杂,以高分子络合物为多。且生物降解性较低,大多具有潜在毒性,在环境中的归趋依赖于很多未知因子。这些特点致使染料废水难以找到行之有效的处理方法。介绍了几种染料废水的处理技术及其发展趋势,这些研究对染料废水的治理具有一定的指导意义。     

Decolorization of molasses melanoidins and palm oil mill effluent phenolic compounds by fermentative lactic acid bacteria

Lactobacillus plantarum SF5.6 is one of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that has the highest ability of molasses melanoidin (MM) decolorization among the 2114 strains of LAB. The strains were isolated from spoilage, pickle fruit and vegetable, soil and sludge from the wastewater treatment system by using technical step of enrichment, primary screening and secondary screening. This LAB strain SF5.6 was identified by 16S rDNA analysis and carbohydrate fermentation (API 50 CH). The top five LAB strains having high MM decolorization ( 55%), namely TBSF5.8-1, TBSF2.1-1, TBSF2.1, FF4A and SF5.6 were selected to determine the optimal condition. It was found that the temperature at 30°C under facultative conditions in GPY-MM medium (0.5% glucose, 0.1% peptone, 0.1% yeast extract, 0.1% sodium acetate, 0.05% MgSO4 and 0.005% MnCl2 in MM solution at pH 6) giving a high microbial growth and MM decolorization for all five strains. It was noticed that the decolorization of MM by LAB strains might be cell growth associated. L. plantarum SF5.6 grew rapidly within one day while the other strains took 2–3 days. This L. plantarum SF5.6 could rapidly decolorize MM to 60.91% without any lag phase, and it also had the ability to remove 34.00% phenolic compounds and 15.88% color from treated palm oil mill effluent.     

Decolorization of molasses melanoidins and palm oil mill e uent phenolic compounds by fermentative lactic acid bacteria

Lactobacillus plantarum SF5.6 is one of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that has the highest ability of molasses melanoidin (MM) decolorization among the 2114 strains of LAB. The strains were isolated from spoilage, pickle fruit and vegetable, soil and sludge from the wastewater treatment system by using technical step of enrichment, primary screening and secondary screening. This LAB strain SF5.6 was identified by 16S rDNA analysis and carbohydrate fermentation (API 50 CH). The top five LAB strains having high MM decolorization (> 55%), namely TBSF5.8-1, TBSF2.1-1, TBSF2.1, FF4A and SF5.6 were selected to determine the optimal condition. It was found that the temperature at 30°C under facultative conditions in GPY-MM medium (0.5% glucose, 0.1% peptone, 0.1% yeast extract, 0.1% sodium acetate, 0.05% MgSO4 and 0.005% MnCl2 in MM solution at pH 6) giving a high microbial growth and MM decolorization for all five strains. It was noticed that the decolorization of MM by LAB strains might be cell growth associated. L. plantarum SF5.6 grew rapidly within one day while the other strains took 2–3 days. This L. plantarum SF5.6 could rapidly decolorize MM to 60.91% without any lag phase, and it also had the ability to remove 34.00% phenolic compounds and 15.88% color from treated palm oil mill e uent.     

生物阴极型微生物燃料电池同步降解偶氮染料与产电性能研究

构建了生物阴极型微生物燃料电池(BCMFC),研究了以葡萄糖-偶氮染料(活性艳红X-3B)为共基质条件下,BCMFC产电性能及偶氮染料的降解特性.结果表明,电能的产生源于BCMFC对葡萄糖的降解,共代谢下活性艳红X-3B的(ABRX3B)的生物降解是主要的脱色机理.当葡萄糖初始浓度为500mg·L-1(以COD计),ABRX3B浓度低于300 mg·L-1时,功率密度维持50.7 mW·m-2,最终脱色率在94.4%以上,而ABRX3B浓度的进一步提高对BCMFC产电会产生抑制作用.阳极液的COD去除率和UV-Vis光谱表明,ABRX3B的降解过程中,有中间产物的积累.共基质条件下,BCMFC可成功实现同步电能输出和高效脱色.     

新型介质阻挡放电反应器同时处理废气和废液研究

为了充分发挥介质阻挡放电处理污染物的能力.本研究依据介质阻挡放电降解废气和废液的原理,设计了一种介质阻挡放电同时处理废液和废气的反应器,并对模拟废气甲苯和染料废水进行处理.实验过程中对甲苯和染料废水分别单独处理和两者同时处理的效果进行了比较.结果表明,甲苯在单独处理和同染料废水同时处理时都可达到较高的降解效果,两者同时处理时甲苯的降解效率可达88.6%.并且在甲苯降解效率基本保持不变的情况下,本反应器可以实现对染料废水的同步降解,其中处理50 mg·L-1活性艳蓝60min时,降解率可达95.4%,每小时处理量为35.8 mg.通过同时处理甲苯和染料废水提高了反应器的能量利用效率.