Attitudes of Private- and Public-Land Managers in Wyoming, USA, Toward Beaver

Castor canadensis ) management in Wyoming, USA, was sent to 5265 private-land managers and 124 public-land managers during 1993. The survey was developed in response to increasing interest in beaver management and beaver reintroduction possibilities. Private-land managers responding to the survey supplied information on 62,859 km² of land area and 20,037 km of streams. Primary concerns about beaver damage centered on (in decreasing order of importance) blocked irrigation ditches, girdled timber, blocked culverts, and flooded pastures, roads, crops, and timber. Primary benefits that landowners perceive that beaver give them were, in order of importance, elevated water tables, increased riparian vegetation, and increased stock-watering opportunities. Public-land managers also listed these benefits and detriments among their top concerns for beaver. Over 45% of landowners with beaver on their property and all of the public-land managers displayed an interest in a beaver reintroduction program and in more proactive beaver management.     

POLSSS: surveying stakeholders about acceptability of risks and system changes

This paper describes two surveys that were carried out during the Policy for Sea Shipping Safety (POLSSS) project [Walker, 2000. POLSS: overview and cost-effectiveness analysis. Safety Science 35 (1–3, 105–121]. The first focused on the acceptability of risks. Its main goal was to find out how stakeholder groups accept different risks involved in maritime transport. The respondents were asked about their acceptance of the current risks and situations where the risks are either increased or decreased. The second survey examined the non-risk-related acceptability of different policy measures — both those being used currently, and those being considered in the POLSSS project for future implementation.     

上海市餐饮单位泔脚垃圾收运处置问卷调查

围绕上海市餐饮单位泔脚垃圾收运处置的问卷展开,揭示了上海市泔脚垃圾收运处置开展的现状,分析其间存在的问题及成因,提出相应的改进意见和解决办法,为其他城市实行泔脚垃圾规范化收运处置提供依据。     

基于农户调查的农用地流转影响因素研究——以重庆市典型区(县)为例

农用地流转是充分发挥土地利用效益,实现农业规模化生产和产业化经营的一种积极探索,采用参与式农户评估法,以重庆市典型区(县)为例,对农用地流转的影响因素进行了探讨。分析结果表明:缺乏规范的操作程序与农用地流转中介组织、缺乏完善的社会保障体系以及区位条件的差异是影响重庆地区农用地流转的主要因素。建立健全农用地流转相关政策和农村社会保障制度,加速城镇化进程和加强农村基础设施建设对重庆地区的农用地流转具有积极的推动作用。     

A comparison of web-based and telephone surveys for assessing traffic safety concerns, beliefs, and behaviors

Introduction

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the results of a web-based and a telephone interview survey measuring driver concerns about a variety of traffic safety issues, their beliefs, and specific driving behaviors.

Method

State-wide, annual random digit-dial telephone surveys and web-based surveys were conducted in Maryland. A total of 1,700 drivers were surveyed by telephone and 6,806 took a web survey.

Results

Telephone respondents were more likely to be female and older. Web respondents were more likely to be white and not Latino/Hispanic. After controlling for demographic differences, telephone survey respondents were more likely to be concerned about traffic safety. They were more likely to believe that sobriety checkpoints reduce drunk driving (OR = 2.18, 95% CI 1.94, 2.45), they would be ticketed for not wearing a seat belt (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.12, 1.43), and they would be stopped by the police if they drove after drinking too much (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.03, 1.32). They were less likely to report a variety of risky behaviors including using a cell phone while driving (OR = .54, 95% CI .48, .61) and driving 10+ mph over the speed limit (OR = .81, 95% CI .72, .91), but were more likely to report having been ticketed for a moving violation in the last month (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.70, 2.90). Suggestions are offered for overcoming potential sources of sampling bias.

Impact on Industry

Web-based surveys produce substantially different results than random-digit-dial telephone surveys, when used for public assessments of traffic safety concerns and behaviors.     

地震预警系统应用的社会影响调查与分析

地震预警系统建设是降低地震灾害的一个重要途径,可以有效地减少人员伤亡和财产损失,但地震预警系统目前还处于发展阶段,应用中存在一定风险。设计了若干个关于地震预警系统应用的社会调查问卷,以通过调查结果定性地评估地震预警系统产生的社会影响,统计公众对预警系统的认识和需求,分析预警信息发布对公众的影响和公众对地震漏报、误报等风险的接受程度,以及地震预警系统相关的法律问题。调查结果显示,我国公众对地震预警系统的期望程度及有效性评价均很高,但也存在着一些问题,如对地震预警相关知识了解较少,对紧急事件应变能力较差,对预警盲区和漏报等风险接受程度较低等。最后,结合国外地震预警系统的研究成果和应用现状,提出了相关建议及应对措施,希望能对我国预警系统的建设提供参考作用。     

大学生对废旧服装回收利用认识的调查分析

对大学生对废旧服装回收利用的认识进行了问卷调查与分析.首先对大学生希望的废旧服装处理方式及回收方式、对废旧服装回收的认识进行了调查与分析,然后对大学生二手服装购买的态度、购买二手服装时注重的因素、对穿着二手服装的认识进行了调查与分析.研究结果：多数学生期望废旧服装应由慈善公益机构或商业机构回收,捐给有需要的人或循环利用、或作为二手服装销售;多数学生购买二手服装时最注重的因素是卫生安全,能够认识到穿着二手服装和废旧服装回收是环保和节约资源的需要.其研究结果以期对我国废旧服装的回收体系及回收渠道的建立提供一定的参考价值;对大学生及家度对废旧服装回收再利用认识的提高具有一定的促进作用.     

企业安全氛围因子结构和要素组合关系测评研究

总结和分析了国外企业安全氛围测评研究进展,进一步明确安全氛围的概念、内容和研究重点;在参阅文献基础上,设计和开发出适用于国内企业安全氛围量化测评的调查问卷。选择商业企业作为研究样本,以多元统计为理论分析工具,开展实证研究工作;采用探索性因子分析方法提取和选择了商业企业安全氛围的安全需求、安全认识、安全参与、安全地位、安全实施5因子结构及14个关键要素,针对其因子结构和要素组合关系进行了研究和探讨。借助于雷达图形法对研究目标的安全现状给予量化评估,研究的方法和技术路线可为以后的安全氛围诊断模式探究提供参考思路。     

浅谈油田产能开发建设项目竣工环境保护验收调查报告的编制

文章在分析油田产能开发建设项目竣工环境保护验收特点的基础上,结合工作实际,阐述了该类建设项目环境保护竣工验收调查报告的工作程序、调查方法、调查范围和调查因子以及调查报告的重点,期望对该类建设项目竣工环境保护验收调查报告的编制有所帮助。     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed: John Twigg and Mihir R. Bhatt, eds, Understanding Vulnerability Joachim von Braun, Tesfaye Teklu and Patrick Webb, Famine in Africa: Causes, Responses, and Prevention C. Emdad Haque, Hazrads in a Fickle Environment: Bangladesh Walter Gillis Peacock, Betty Hearn Morrow and Hugh Gladwin, eds, Population and Food: Global Trends and Future Prospects Roy Gutman and David Rieff, eds, Crimes of War: What the Public Should Know