复合纳米微粒修饰碳糊电极方波伏安法检测水中甲基对硫磷

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成纳米ZrO2,将其混合在石墨粉和碳纳米管（CNTs）中,利用硅油做粘合剂,制得一次性有机磷农药（OPs）检测碳糊电极（CNTs/ZrO2│CPE）,并对水中甲基对硫磷（MP）进行了检测.采用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线荧光光谱（XRFS）表征电极的制备过程,采用循环伏安（CV）法和方波伏安（SWV）法...     

复合光催化剂(TiO2/多壁碳纳米管)制备工艺条件对甲基橙光催化降解动力学的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法在不同条件下制备了多壁碳纳米管(MwCNTs)负载纳米TiO2的复合光催化剂(TiO2/MWCNTs).以偶氮类染料甲基橙为模拟污染物,研究不同制备工艺参数的复合光催化剂对甲基橙的光催化降解动力学的影响.对TiO2/MWCNTs的表征结果表明,纳米TiO2较好地分散在多壁碳纳米管表面;随着温度的升高,复...     

Zn-TiO_2纳米管的光催化活性

采用水热合成-浸渍法制备锌掺杂TiO2纳米管（Zn-TiO2纳米管）,透射电镜照片显示Zn-TiO2纳米管为两端开口形貌均一的中空管状结构,管径约6～8 nm,壁厚约1 nm,长度约50～200 nm。研究了Zn-TiO2纳米管对甲基橙的光催化性能,结果表明：掺杂适量锌提高了TiO2纳米管对甲基橙的光催化降解性能,0.4%Zn-TiO2纳米管的光催化性能最佳。同时还探讨了Zn-TiO2纳米管用量和初始pH值等因素对光催化降解甲基橙的影响,结果显示Zn-TiO2纳米管能有效地降解甲基橙。随着光催化反应进行,CODCr去除率和脱色率变化规律不完全相同,可能是由于芳基和烷基降解速率不同所致。     

硝基苯在碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为及其分析应用

硝基苯在碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为表明,硝基苯在-0.50V有一灵敏的还原峰,为硝基苯得到四个电子还原为苯胲所形成,电位继续负移,苯胲能继续还原为苯胺.在扫描速度为100mV·s-1,pH=5.0和富集时间为2min的条件下,-0.50V处的还原峰电流与硝基苯在1.5—150mg·l-1范围内线性关系良好,线性系数为0.99992,检测限为0.3mg·l-1.应用于实际废水中硝基苯的测定,相对标准偏差小于5%(n=10),相对误差为-5%— 5%.     

钛酸四丁酯水解制备TiO2半导体光催化剂研究

研究了钛酸四丁酯水解制备TiO2粉末的两大影响因素R值（R是水和钛酸四丁酯的摩尔比）和烧结温度。通过光催化氧化五氯苯酚钠实验，结合对催化剂晶型结构、比表面积的表征分析，综合评价所制备的催化剂。实验结果表明，当R＝100、烧结温度为650℃、烧结时间为1h，钛酸四丁酯水解所制备的T iO2半导体光催化剂催化活性和使用寿命均比较理想。从晶型结构分析，当催化剂中锐钛矿和金红石胺一定比例共存时，其催化活性较单－金红石或锐钛矿高，实难认为锐钛矿与金红石的最佳比约为2：1。     

碳纳米管在环境保护中的应用研究进展

介绍了碳纳米管的结构和特性,综述了碳纳米管应用在水污染治理、大气污染控制中的实验研究,并对碳纳米管的研究方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

SiO2柱层状钛酸的制备、表征和光催化性能研究

采用逐步交换法,将含硅多聚物嵌入到层状钛酸的层间,通过焙烧制得SiO2柱层状钛酸(SiO2-H2Ti4O9)光催化剂.用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外吸收光谱(IR)、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-vis)和比表面积等测定方法对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,SiO2-H2Ti4O9的层间距由钛酸钾的0.88nm增加到1.35nm,比表面积由5.4 m2·g-1增大到133.3 m2·g-1.另外,通过对酸性大红GR的光催化降解反应,考察了所得催化剂的光催化活性.     

化学改性对碳纳米管催化剂结构和活性的影响

采用经过臭氧、空气和混酸（HNO3-H2SO4）化学改性的多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）作为催化剂，用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、FT—IR、Raman、XPS分析方法对MWNTs进行结构表征。在间歇式高压反应釜中，以改性后的MWNTs作为催化剂，开展了催化湿式氧化苯酚的活性研究。结果表明：经改性的MWNTs具有较高的催化活性。在155℃和总压2．5MPa，苯酚初始浓度为1000mg／L，催化剂投加量为0．4g／L的条件下，液相臭氧改性方法处理的MWNTs表现出了良好的催化活性，反应120min后苯酚的去除率为100％，溶液的矿化率为72％。改性的催化剂表面生成的含氧官能团是MWNTs在催化湿式氧化反应中具有高活性的重要原因。     

Aqueous suspensions of carbon nanotubes: Surface oxidation, colloidal stability and uranium sorption

The objective of this study is to obtain information on the behaviour of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as potential carriers of pollutants in the case of accidental CNT release to the environment and on the properties of CNTs as a potential adsorbent material in water purification. The effects of acid treatment of CNTs on (i) the surface properties, (ii) the colloidal stability and (iii) heavy metal sorption are investigated, the latter being exemplified by uranium(VI) sorption. There is a pronounced influence of surface treatment on the behaviour of the CNTs in aqueous suspension. Results showed that acid treatment increases the amount of acidic surface groups on the CNTs. Therefore, acid treatment has an increasing effect on the colloidal stability of the CNTs and on their adsorption capacity for U(VI). Another way to stabilise colloids of pristine CNTs in aqueous suspension is the addition of humic acid.     

Size characterization of the associations between carbon nanotubes and humic acids in aqueous media by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation combined with multi-angle light scattering

This work focuses on the influence of humic acids (HAs) on the fate of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aqueous media. This influence was demonstrated by mixing CNT powder with HAs in aqueous solution in varying concentrations. The aqueous media containing HAs and CNTs were size-characterized by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF) coupled with multi-angle light scattering (MALS). This coupling yielded information concerning the size distribution of single- and multi-walled CNTs (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) and HAs under different physico-chemical conditions that can occur in environmental water. HAs can disperse individual CNTs in aqueous media. However, the difference in the physical structure between SWCNTs and MWCNTs leads to significant differences in the quantity of HA that can adsorb onto the nanotube surface and in the stability of the CNT/HA complex. Compared with MWCNTs, SWCNTs suspended in HAs are less affected by changing ionic strength with respect to stability and the amount suspended.