上海市环境污染事故风险受体脆弱性评价研究

从环境风险受体敏感性和适应力两方面构建了脆弱性概念模型,在此基础上,考虑社会经济脆弱性和生态系统脆弱性,选取14个指标构建了上海市环境污染事故风险受体综合脆弱性评价指标体系.研究结果表明：上海市中心城区社会脆弱性较高,而崇明岛、南汇、奉贤的社会经济脆弱性最低;黄浦江上游水源保护区、崇明岛东滩湿地生态系统脆弱性较高,浦东...     

Behavior toxicity to Caenorhabditis elegans transferred to the progeny after exposure to sulfamethoxazole at environmentally relevant concentrations

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is one of the most common detected antibiotics in the environment. In order to study whether SMX can a ect behavior and growth and whether these e ects could be transferred to the progeny, Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed at environmentally relevant concentrations for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr, respectively. After exposure, the exposed parent generation (P0) was measured for behavior and growth indicators, which were presented as percentage of controls (POC). Then their corresponding unexposed progeny (F1) was separated and measured for the same indicators. The lowest POC for P0 after 96 hr-exposure at 100 mg/L were 37.8%, 12.7%, 45.8% and 70.1% for body bending frequency (BBF), reversal movement (RM), Omega turns (OT) and body length (BL), respectively. And F1 su ered defects with the lowest POC as 55.8%, 24.1%, 48.5% and 60.7% for BBF, RM, OT and BL, respectively. Defects in both P0 and F1 showed a time- and concentration-dependent fashion and behavior indicators showed better sensitivity than growth indicator. The observed e ects on F1 demonstrated the transferable properties of SMX. Defects of SMX at environmental concentrations suggested that it is necessary to perform further systematical studies on its ecological risk in actual conditions.     

Applying model simulation and photochemical indicators to evaluate ozone sensitivity in southern Taiwan

Ozone sensitivity was investigated using CAMx simulations and photochemical indicator ratios at three sites (Pingtung City, Chao- Chou Town, and Kenting Town) in Pingtung County in southern Taiwan during 2003 and 2004. The CAMx simulations compared fairly well with the hourly concentrations of ozone. Simulation results also showed that Pingtung City was mainly a volatile organic compounds (VOC)-sensitive regime, while Chao-Chou Town was either a VOC-sensitive or a NOx-sensitive regime, depending on the seasons. Measurements of three photochemical indicators (H2O2, HNO3, and NOy) were conducted, and simulated three transition ranges of H2O2/HNO3 (0.5–0.8), O3/HNO3 (10.3–16.2) and O3/NOy (5.7–10.8) were adopted to assess the ozone sensitive regime at the three sites. The results indicated that the three transition ranges yield consistent results with CAMx simulations at most times at Pingtung City. However, both VOC-sensitive and NOx-sensitive regimes were important at the rural site Chao-Chou Town. Kenting Town, a touring site at the southern end of Taiwan, was predominated by a NOx-sensitive regime in four seasons.     

期待德班

“又到气候谈判时”.近年来,每个岁末时节,联合国都会在不同的国家召开联合国气候变化谈判大会暨《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方会议,如2008年波兹南气候大会( 第14次缔约方会议)、2009年根本哈根气候大会(第15次缔约方会议)、 2010年坎昆气候大会(第16次缔约方会议)以及即将于11月28日至12月9日在南非德班召开的气候大会(第17次缔约方会议).     

环境建设样板城内涵及评价指标体系研究

探讨了环境建设样板城提出的背景,提出环境建设样板城的基本概念及内涵,确定了环境建设样板城评价指标体系的制定原则,建立了由五大类九十项指标构成的环境建设样板城评价指标体系.     

草原生物多样性监测指标体系构建的探讨

草原生物多样性监测目前已成为草原生物多样性研究和保护的热点问题。草原生物多样性监测指标则是一些简化的生物或环境特征参数,说明草原生物多样性现状和变化趋势,以及人类活动压力对草原生物多样性的影响,以促进科学界、政府和公众间的沟通,提高草原生物多样性管理水平。本文综述了草原生物多样性监测指标筛选的一般标准和指标体系构建的主要理论,梳理目前已提出或应用的主要生物多样性监测指标,以期为我国构建国家或区域尺度生物多样性监测指标体系提供参考。     

海岸带生态环境基础质量遥感评价研究——以上海南汇东滩为例

基于遥感信息获取技术,以上海南汇东滩为例,建立了海岸带生态环境基础质量遥感评价指标体系,对城市生态环境遥感评价模型增加海洋专家打分权重进行改进,并开发海岸带生态环境评价的信息管理工具,实现了研究区生态环境遥感多个年份的定量评价,分析研究区生态环境质量变化原因,为构建更好的海岸带管理决策支持系统,从而更好地管理海岸带资源...     

弹药技术寿命评价研究

阐述了弹药技术寿命的概念,并就弹药技术寿命带来的影响进行了分析.给出了评价指标体系构建的基本思路和步骤,运用层次分析法分析弹药技术寿命评价指标,建立了具有递阶层次结构的指标评价体系,并将其评价体系分为4个准则和14个评价指标.     

内江市威远县镇西镇土地整理区土地质量地球化学评估

本文以土地质量地球化学评估指标体系为研究内容,对内江市威远县镇西镇土地整理区的表层土壤地球化学特征、近地表大气降尘特征、水环境地球化学特征和大宗农产品等方面进行土地质量地球化学分等定级和评估。结果表明,研究区土地质量总体上良好,可划分为21l等、212等、221等、222等、311等、321等、312等、322等、41...     

多水源化工园区综合废水的水体特征研究

为充分了解天津市滨海新区化工园区综合废水的水体特征,通过科学选取新区内某化工园区综合废水中的水质监测指标,借助GCMS和毒性分析技术,得以全面系统地分析出具有类似产业布局的多废水来源的化工园区废水水质特征,为完善同类型废水可生化性指标评价体系提供了参考,且便于后续废水处理工艺的达标化设计。