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热脱附-气相色谱法测定环境空气中芳烃和卤代烃 总被引:15,自引:3,他引:15
建立了热脱附-气相色谱法测定环境空气中9种芳烃和卤代烃方法。阐述了样品管制备、采样袋预处理、现场采样和实验富集等过程。采用保留时间定性、外标法定量。进行了自动热脱附仪的吸附和解吸效率的试验,各组分的吸附效率均在97%以上,解吸效率达98 9%。最低检出质量浓度氯乙烯为0 0003mg/m3、1,2-二氯乙烷和1,2-二氯丙烷为0 0002mg/m3、苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、苯乙烯和邻二甲苯均为0 0001mg/m3。试图以不更换TenaxTA吸附剂标准冷阱来测定齐鲁石化环境空气中特征污染物乙烯,由于冷阱对乙烯的二级吸附未能很好地解决,试验效果不理想,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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本文根据2017-2019年华宁县环境空气自动站监测数据,分析影响华宁县在玉溪市环境空气质量排名中靠后的主要指标,分析三年来影响排名主要指标的PM10、PM2.5的现状以及产生的原因,提出改善华宁县环境空气现状的对策建议。 相似文献
135.
To investigate short-term effects of ambient ozone exposure on mortality in Chinese cities, we conducted a meta-analysis of 10 effect estimates of 5 short-term studies, which reported associations between ambient ozone and mortality in Chinese mainland cities. And we estimated pooled effects by non-accidental mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and respiratory mortality. Combined estimates and their 95%CI were tested by RevMan 5, and Funnel plots were used for the bias analysis. For a 10 μg m−3 increase of maximum 8-h average concentration of ozone, the percent change for non-accidental mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and respiratory mortality were 0.42 (95%CI, 0.32–0.52%), 0.44% (95%CI, 0.17–0.70%) and 0.50% (95%CI, 0.22–0.77%), respectively. Compared with pooled estimates from other meta-analyses on ambient ozone-associated mortality, our pooled estimate for non-accidental mortality was slightly higher than previous ones and pooled estimate for cardiovascular mortality was consistent with others. However, we observed significantly positive association between ambient ozone and respiratory mortality, which were generally nonsignificant in earlier studies. By combining estimates from published evidence, a small but substantial association between ambient ozone level and mortality was observed in Mainland China. 相似文献
136.
We studied geographical and temporal body size trends among 169 adult museum specimens of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) collected in Sweden between 1962 and 2008, whose sex, year of collection, and locality were known. Skull size and body mass
increased significantly in relation to the year of collection, and skull size (but not body mass) was significantly and negatively
related to latitude, contrasting Bergmann’s rule and the trend found for Norwegian otters. Latitudinal differences in body
size between the two countries may be due to differences in food availability. The temporal increase in body size among Swedish
otters resembled that observed for Norway otters, though Swedish otters are smaller with respect to their Norwegian counterparts.
Latitude and year represent a combination of environmental factors, including ambient temperature in the year of collection
as well as the number of days of ice coverage. We replaced the above factors with mean annual temperature or the number of
days of ice coverage, and found that each of these factors explains a similar proportion of the variation in body size as
did latitude and year. We hypothesize that this temporal increase in body size is related to a combination of factors, including
reduced energy expenditure resulting from increasing ambient temperature, and increased food availability from longer ice-free
periods. 相似文献
137.
Karell Martínez Eric Jover Josep Rivera 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(3):764-769
The development of new sampling devices or strategies to assess the concentration of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environment has increased in the last two decades. In this study, a selective sampling device was used to evaluate the impact of potential local sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (dl-PCBs) emissions on the ambient air levels of such compounds in a town near an important industrial estate. Average concentrations of target compounds of up to 2.5 times for PCDD/Fs and 2 times for dl-PCBs were found to come from the industrial state confirming this area as the main responsible for the majority of such compounds reaching the town.This finding was supported by a PCDD/F and dl-PCB sample profile analysis and a principal component analysis (PCA), which established a direct link between the dioxin-like compounds found in the samples collected in the town and their source. 相似文献
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利用2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)固相萃取在线吸附衍生高效液相色谱-二极管阵列(HPLC-PDA)测定环境空气中的22种羰基化合物,通过试验优化条件,使方法在6.00μg/L~1 800μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.025μg/m~3~0.091μg/m~3,加标回收率为93.2%~108%,平行样相对标准偏差10%。 相似文献