基于PCA-VMD-CNN的输电线路覆冰重量预测模型*

为防止覆冰灾害危及电路安全,提出1种输电线路覆冰重量预测模型。首先对多个气象因素进行主成分分析提取气象因素中的有效信息,再对覆冰历史数据进行变分模态分解,获得具有不同特性的本征模态分量;然后基于卷积神经网络,对具有不同时间尺度（周期性、波动性不同）的各个分量进行训练及预测,并将每个分量的预测结果相加。研究结果表明:通过对某覆冰区域的输电线路监测数据进行实验仿真,研究所提出的覆冰重量预测模型有更高精度。     

山西北部一次飑线大风的多普勒雷达特征

利用山西省北部大同地区多普勒雷达的基本反射率因子、组合反射率因子、速度剖面图、垂直液态含水量、回波顶及VWP产品,结合环流形势和自动站分钟数据资料,对2010年6月16日发生在大同地区的飑线天气过程进行了分析。结果表明:这次飑线过程发生在高中低三层的冷涡环流形势和地面冷锋前的暖区;飑线过境时压、风、温三要素出现剧烈变化;研究极大风速≥16.8 m.s-1的台站时发现:飑线过境时两个站出现的速度极大值与外流边界的影响时间相吻合,四个站出现的速度极大值与强回波下沉气流影响时间相对应;冷涡携带的冷空气使飑线后部入流不断得到补充,而前侧暖湿气流沿着后部入流爬升,不断产生新的单体,是飑线能够维持、发展的主要原因。     

三峡库区渝巴公路马道子滑坡岸段动态风险评价

水库区公路岸坡属大型线性工程,其灾害评价主要涉及沿线两侧一定宽度范围,总体呈线状或条带状;库水升降及降雨作用,可引起岸坡地下水位的波动,从而导致岸坡稳定性的变化,这一过程是一个动态变化过程;基于以上认识,以三峡库区渝巴公路马道子滑坡段为例,根据线性工程风险评价的特点,采用地下水浸润线简化求解公式,并按照滑坡动态稳定性的理念,对该公路岸坡段的动态风险进行了初步评价,并对治理必要性进行了分析,结果与实际相符。     

气候旱涝指标方法及其分析

在前人研究的基础上，提出了计算单站旱涝指标和区域旱涝指标的方法。并根据１９５１～１９９６年各月降水资料，对华北地区和长江流域地区的旱涝进行了计算和分析，取得了较好的结果。     

常德市土地利用结构优化研究

通过对常德市土地资源的基本特征，土地利用结构现状特点及存在的主要问题的分析，提出了优化常德市土地利用结构的对策。     

加油站安全监测系统研究

随着加油站数量的猛增,加油站安全问题已经越来越受到社会各界的关注,但目前对加油站整体监测系统的研究很少,而且没有相关产品.从加油站组成结构出发,分析了加油站危险化学品的理化性质,考虑了硬件和软件2部分,提出了加油站综合安全监测系统的研究方案.     

生态投资对南水北调水价的影响

跨流域调水工程不仅是一个复杂的水利工程，还是一个十分复杂的生态系统工程。从南水北调水价构成与流域生态投资组成理论出发，从资源水价、工程水价和环境水价3部分分析南水北调水价的构成，利用分段成本累加法测算工程成本，按照两部制测算供水水价。探索性地讨论了生态投资的含义及组成构架，将生态投资分为直接投资和间接投资两个部分，并将其在南水北调工程投资中进行投影。同时以南水北调东线一期工程为实例，对生态投资的各项组成部分分类进行探讨，并对生态投资对受水区水价的影响进行定量测算，确定生态投资在南水北调工程中起到举足轻重的重要作用。     

High nitrite accumulation and strengthening denitrification for old-age landfill leachate treatment using an autocontrol two-stage hybrid process

An autocontrol two-stage hybrid process was developed to treat landfill leachate. Biological nitrogen removal with nitrification and denitrification via nitrite pathway was split into two stages. The first stage was designed for the high nitrite accumulation and was composed of two hybrid bed reactors (Hybrid I and Hybrid II) and a coagulation–flocculation reactor having effective volumes of 120 L and 80 L, respectively. The second stage was designed for strengthening denitrification and included a single 80 L reactor. The carriers of the hybrid bed reactors were composed of fixed multiple flexible carriers and suspended particle carriers. Dissolved oxygen (DO), pH value, oxidation–reduction potential (ORP) and temperature were used as online fuzzy control parameters of the automatic control system. The concentration of nitrite in Hybrid I and Hybrid II could reach 411 mg L⁻¹ and 604 mg L⁻¹, respectively. Ammonia removal has reached maximal rates of 0.061 kgNH₄⁺-N (m³ h)⁻¹ and 0.041 kgNH₄⁺-N (m³ h)⁻¹, respectively. A maximum nitrite removal rate of 0.211 kgNO₂⁻-N (m³ h)⁻¹ was observed during the strengthening denitrification. The running time of one cycle was not fixed and was actually controlled by the system. The results indicated that the running period was more closely related to influent ammonia concentration than influent COD concentration. The aeration times could be shortened and the energy could be saved. The autocontrol two-stage hybrid process is therefore an economical and effective way for landfill leachate treatment.     

Line intersect sampling: Ell-shaped transects and multiple intersections

The probability of selecting a population element under line intersect sampling depends on the width of the particle in the direction perpendicular to the transect, as is well known. The consequence of this when using ell-shaped transects rather than straight-line transects are explicated, and modifications that preserve design-unbiasedness of Kaiser's (1983) conditional and unconditional estimators are presented. A case against treating multiple intersections as multiple probabilistic events is argued on the basis, also, of preserving design-unbiased estimation.     

干碾机密闭除尘抽风量平衡式及应用成效

干碾机在加工产品时粉尘污染环境，危害健康，通过研究其产尘基因，探讨出消除此危害的密闭除尘抽风量公式，并经多年实践应用证明，所取得的经济效益，社会效益，环境效益是统一并显著的。