Concentrations and sources of Dechlorane Plus in sewage sludge

Sewage sludge from 31 urban Spanish wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) was analyzed for the emerging halogenated flame retardant Dechlorane Plus (DP). Concentrations of the two major isomers in the technical mixture, syn and anti, ranged between 0.903-19.2 and 1.55-75.1 ng g⁻¹ dry weight, respectively. Overall, concentrations of DP were lower than those of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (9.10-995 ng g⁻¹ dry weight) and this is likely related to the higher usage of brominated flame retardants. The average ratio of the syn isomer to total DP (f_syn) was 0.28 ± 0.05, which is similar to that of the commercial mixture. Comparing different wastewater treatment methods, we found lower concentrations in those using biological nitrogen and phosphorous elimination, suggesting that DP is susceptible to microbial degradation and that anti-DP is more so, given the enrichment of syn-DP in the sewage sludge. Principal components analysis revealed significant positive correlation (r = 0.619, p < 0.05) between total DP concentrations with the contribution of industrial input to waste streams. This implies release of DP is related to industrial activity, likely stemming from the use of the technical product during manufacture of consumer goods. However, use and disposal of products containing DP could not be dismissed. According to our knowledge, this is the first report on DP in WWTP sludge.     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygen-containing derivatives (OPAHs) in soils from the Angren industrial area, Uzbekistan

We measured the concentrations and depth distribution (0-10, 10-20 cm) of 31 PAHs and 12 OPAHs in soils at eleven equidistant sampling points along a 20-km transect in the Angren industrial region (coal mine, power plant, rubber factory, gold mine), Uzbekistan to gain an insight into their concentrations, sources, and fate. Concentrations of all compounds were mostly much higher in the 0-10 cm than in the 10-20 cm layer except in disturbed soil close to the coal mine. Proximity to one of the industrial emitters was the main determinant of PAH and OPAH concentrations. The ∑31PAHs concentrations correlated positively with the ∑7 carbonyl-OPAH (r = 0.98, p < 0.01), ∑5 hydroxyl-OPAH (r = 0.72, p < 0.05), and with industrially emitted trace metals in the topsoil, identifying industrial emissions as their common source. Concentrations of several OPAHs were higher than their parent PAHs, but their vertical distribution in soil suggested only little higher mobility of OPAHs than their corresponding parent PAHs.     

福建省沿海电厂脱硫技术的选择

相对于钙法、氨法脱硫技术,海水脱硫在脱硫、脱氮效果、一次性投入、综合运行费用和避免二次污染方面有一定优势,在我国沿海电厂具有广阔的应用前景。本文重点介绍了海水脱硫技术,并对福建省今后SO2减排治理工作提出了建议。     

NPR工艺在城镇污水处理中的应用

介绍了将NPR工艺应用于某城镇污水处理厂的工程概况,工艺流程,各主要处理构筑物的设计参数以及运行情况,运行实践表明,该工艺对污染物浓度较低的城镇污水有很好的处理效果,各项指标均可达到现行的排放标准。     

城市污水处理厂出水低浓度污染物的生物降解研究

由于城市污水处理厂出水中含有的低浓度污染物的性能稳定而不易被去除,为探索一种快速、直接的低浓度污染物的深度处理方法,通过采用富二价阳离子斜发沸石作载体的生物沸石曝气滤池对某城市污水厂二级处理出水中的低浓度污染物的去除进行了实验研究,研究结果表明,当污水厂二级处理出水水质年平均指标NH3-N、COD、BOD5、TP及浊度分别为27.4 mg/L、57.2 mg/L、20.4 mg/L、1.7 mg/L和16 NTU时,采用两级生物沸石曝气滤池串联工艺,在第一级生物沸石曝气滤池装填3 m生物沸石,水力停留时间1 h,气水比为2∶1;第二级生物沸石曝气滤池装填2 m生物沸石,水力停留时间为0.5 h,气水比为1∶1,最终出水年平均指标NH3-N 0.13 mg/L、COD 7.55 mg/L(CODMn)、BOD50.78 mg/L、TP0.6 mg/L、浊度为0.13 NTU,出水水质可满足热力发电厂循环冷却补充水的水质要求.此种方法为污水处理厂的出水提供了经济有效的回用途径。     

探索绿色环保型聚环氧琥珀酸配方在钢厂循环冷却水中的应用

作为新型绿色环保可降解缓蚀阻垢剂的聚环氧琥珀酸,在包括工业生产在内的诸多领域,均得到了广泛应用,所取得效果也十分突出。本文首先简单介绍了PESA的含义和特点,随后从实际出发,围绕其在钢厂中的具体应用展开了讨论,内容涉及应用试验、效果分析等方面,希望能够为相关人员提供一定帮助。     

电力线路与燃气管道交叉跨越点雷击事故防护研究

针对临近杆塔接地网的管道过电压及防护问题，采用CDEGS仿真计算软件建立电力杆塔接地网及临近燃气管道结构模型，研究杆塔与管道间距、土壤电阻率和接地排流线等因素对管道过电压的影响；并提出通过优化电力杆塔接地网外延射线结构降低管道过电压的改造方案。研究结果表明:管道上的雷击过电压受散流间距、土质条件等因素的影响，并基本呈现线性关系；管道增设排流设施后，过电压减小；接地网外延射线结构改造后管道过电压抑制作用明显。研究结果可为实际燃气管道安全防护及电力设计施工提供理论参考。     

低水温条件下CAST工艺在城市污水处理厂的应用

本文主要介绍了CAST工艺应用于污水处理厂的工艺流程和相关特点,在低温条件下的运行成果分析,并且探讨了设计和运行过程当中的各种问题,目的就是为北方CAST工艺的城市污水处理厂,在冬季低进水温度的条件下的应用,提供相关的处理措施。     

对电解铝厂周边氟污染的环境影响评价

通过测定广西某电解铝厂周边大气、土壤和农作物中氟化物含量,对该厂周边的氟化物污染进行了评价,结果表明：电解铝厂周围大气氟污染与采样点的方位成显著相关关系;农作物玉米叶片氟污染主要来自于电解铝厂无组织排放的氟化物,而土壤中总氟含量除受大气中氟化物的影响外,还与当地的地质构造、土壤类型等因素有关,与主导风向无明显的相关关系,土壤中水溶氟含量与采样点到电解铝厂距离呈负相关。