辽河源头区坡耕地面源污染阻控技术研究

辽河源头区多为低山丘陵区域．由于人类对土地资源的不合理开发利用,致使森林覆盖率降低,坡耕地面积增多。为提高单位面积的农作物产量,主要措施之一就是增加化肥投入量．随着农田生态系统化肥投入量的增加,不被作物吸收的营养物质通过淋溶渗透地表径流等进入水环境中。坡耕地面源污染阻控研究是基于其产生的原因及迁移过程,采取农业耕作措施、水土保持工程措施和生物措施等相结合方式,构建坡耕地面源污染控制技术体系。     

Measurement of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxide concentrations during autumn in Beijing, China

Gaseous peroxides play important roles in atmospheric chemistry. To understand the pathways of the formation and removal of peroxides, atmospheric peroxide concentrations and their controlling factors were measured from 7:00 to 20:00 in September, October, and November 2013 at a heavily trafficked residential site in Beijing, China, with average concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and methyl hydroperoxide (MHP) at 0.55 ppb and 0.063 ppb, respectively. H₂O₂ concentrations were higher in the afternoon and lower in the morning and evening, while MHP concentrations did not exhibit a regular diurnal pattern. Both H₂O₂ and MHP concentrations increased at dusk in most cases. Both peroxides displayed monthly variations with higher concentrations in September. These results suggested that photochemical activity was the main controlling factor on variations of H₂O₂ concentrations during the measurement period. Increasing concentrations of volatile organic compounds emitted by motor vehicles were important contributors to H₂O₂ and MHP enrichment. High levels of H₂O₂ and MHP concentrations which occurred during the measurement period probably resulted from the transport of a polluted air mass with high water vapor content passing over the Bohai Bay, China.     

重庆市环境保护2000年"一控双达标”攻坚战的启示

回顾了重庆市环境保护2000年“一控双达标”攻坚战的历程，提出了2000年“一控双达标”攻坚战是重庆市环境保护的一次跨越式发展的命题，总结了攻坚战取得成功的三条重要经验，对今后重庆市环境保护如何实现跨越式发展提出了建议。     

区域尾水控制初探--以昆山市为例

该文提出了“三级控制、三级标准”的区域水污染控制模式 ,分析了区域尾水控制的定位及意义。对区域尾水控制的三种主要方式做了较为详细的对比分析 ,并针对昆山市实际情况 ,初步构建了昆山市尾水导流方案。     

环境污染防治设施运营的市场化特点及对策

阐述了环境污染防治设施运营的市场化极大地丰富和完善了我国环境保护“谁污染，谁治理”的政府内涵。在环保实践中，运营市场化将进一步明确污染者治理的经济责任，节省污染防治设施基建费用，降低运行成本，营造“造血”功能。提出了进一步完善环境污染防治设施运营市场化的对策措施。     

Denitrification and the controlling factors in Yunnan Plateau Lakes (China): Exploring the role of enhanced internal nitrogen cycling by algal blooms

Denitrification plays an important role in nitrogen(N) removal in freshwater ecosystems.This internal process regulates the fluctuations of N concentration, especially for lakes with high nutrients concentrations and long residence time. Lakes in Yunnan plateau(southwestern China) provide typical cases, while studies in this region have been rare.Therefore, we studied denitrification of two lakes(Lake Dianchi in hypereutrophic state and Lake Erhai in mesotrophic) in this region. We used acetylene inhibition technique to quantify potential denitrification rate(PDR) of these lakes in April and August, 2015 and 2016. PDR of the sediments ranged 0–1.21 μmol/(N·m~2·hr), and that of overlying water ranged 0–0.24 μmol/(N·L·hr). Then, we used Least Angle Regression to determine the controlling factors for denitrification. Nutrients controlled PDR from two aspects: providing essential nitrogen sources; and affecting the richness and metabolism of denitrifying bacteria. In April, both aspects limited PDR; while only nitrogen sources limited PDR in August, due to depleted nitrate and enhanced denitrifying bacteria activity. Ammonia was most significant to denitrification, indicating that nitrate from nitrification transported to the bottom of wellmixed lake provide major N source by denitrification. The high PDR and low nitrate concentrate in August were evidence of an enhanced internal N cycling by algal blooms.     

牡丹江水环境非点源污染控制及其研究

牡丹江地区开展非点源污染研究的最终目的是采取有效措施控制和减少污染.控制和减少非点源污染的具体方法有两个:一个是制定相应的法律、法规.另一个是采取适当的经济手段.对非点源污染控制的实施有三方面建议:一是加强非点源的调查和监测.二是加强非点源污染控制管理政策的理论研究.三是政策实施前要对其进行经济、技术、制度上的可行性论证评估.     

实现沈阳市辽河流域水质目标的措施与对策

辽河是国家重点治理的三条河流之一，要实现辽河流域水质控制目标必须采取集中控制和流内控制相结合、浓度控制和总量控制相结合的措施，在源内控制方面则应采取分类定位，通过清洁生产、调整产品结构、污染全过程控制和未端治理多项措施实现污染物浓度达标排放和排污总量零增长．     

苏南区域尾水调度处理战略构想

苏南是长江三角洲中人口最集中、经济最发达、环境最敏感的地区之一,日益严重的水污染已困扰该地区的可持续发展.根据苏南地区水污染和自然地理状况,提出了"控源导流,清污两制,三级控制、三级标准"的水污染控制战略思想.构建了苏锡常地区具体的尾水导流及尾水资源化生态处理方案,提出了方案的实施步骤和管理协调机制,并初步分析了方案的预期效益.     

选煤厂输煤系统转载点粉尘产出控制技术

针对选煤厂输煤系统转载点多、产尘量大、粉尘污染严重的问题,对输煤系统转载点处的产尘原因进行了分析,提出了加装特殊设计的导料槽、安装复膜扁布袋除尘器及增加湿式降尘系统等控制措施,并对改造前后转载点处的粉尘浓度进行了对比.结果表明,改造后转载点处的作业环境达到了治理目标的要求.